68 research outputs found
Using maternal and neonatal data collection systems for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines active safety surveillance in low- and middle-income countries: an international modified Delphi study
No full textThe aim of this study was to build consensus about the use of existing maternal and neonatal data collection systems in LMICs for COVID-19 vaccines active safety surveillance, a basic set of variables, and the suitability and feasibility of including pregnant women and LMIC research networks in COVID-19 vaccines pre-licensure activities.
Methods: A three-stage modified Delphi study was conducted over three months in 2020. An international multidisciplinary panel of 16 experts participated. Ratings distributions and consensus were assessed, and ratings’ rationale was analyzed. Conclusions: Although there was some uncertainty regarding feasibility, experts recommended using maternal and neonatal data collection systems and agreed on a common set of variables for COVID-19 vaccines active safety surveillance in LMICs
Using maternal and neonatal data collection systems for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines active safety surveillance in low- and middle-income countries: an international modified Delphi study
No full textThe aim of this study was to build consensus about the use of existing maternal and neonatal data collection systems in LMICs for COVID-19 vaccines active safety surveillance, a basic set of variables, and the suitability and feasibility of including pregnant women and LMIC research networks in COVID-19 vaccines pre-licensure activities.
Methods: A three-stage modified Delphi study was conducted over three months in 2020. An international multidisciplinary panel of 16 experts participated. Ratings distributions and consensus were assessed, and ratings’ rationale was analyzed. Conclusions: Although there was some uncertainty regarding feasibility, experts recommended using maternal and neonatal data collection systems and agreed on a common set of variables for COVID-19 vaccines active safety surveillance in LMICs
Using maternal and neonatal data collection systems for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines active safety surveillance in low- and middle-income countries: an international modified Delphi study
No full textThe aim of this study was to build consensus about the use of existing maternal and neonatal data collection systems in LMICs for COVID-19 vaccines active safety surveillance, a basic set of variables, and the suitability and feasibility of including pregnant women and LMIC research networks in COVID-19 vaccines pre-licensure activities.
Methods: A three-stage modified Delphi study was conducted over three months in 2020. An international multidisciplinary panel of 16 experts participated. Ratings distributions and consensus were assessed, and ratings’ rationale was analyzed. Conclusions: Although there was some uncertainty regarding feasibility, experts recommended using maternal and neonatal data collection systems and agreed on a common set of variables for COVID-19 vaccines active safety surveillance in LMICs
Using maternal and neonatal data collection systems for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines active safety surveillance in low- and middle-income countries: an international modified Delphi study - Supplementary materials
No full textBackground: Given that pregnant women are now included among those for receipt coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, it is important to ensure that information systems can be used (or available) for active safety surveillance, especially in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim of this study was to build consensus about the use of existing maternal and neonatal data collection systems in LMICs for COVID-19 vaccines active safety surveillance, a basic set of variables, and the suitability and feasibility of including pregnant women and LMIC research networks in COVID-19 vaccines pre-licensure activities.
Methods: A three-stage modified Delphi study was conducted over three months in 2020. An international multidisciplinary panel of 16 experts participated. Ratings distributions and consensus were assessed, and ratings’ rationale was analyzed.
Conclusions: Although there was some uncertainty regarding feasibility, experts recommended using maternal and neonatal data collection systems and agreed on a common set of variables for COVID-19 vaccines active safety surveillance in LMIC
Using maternal and neonatal data collection systems for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines active safety surveillance in low- and middle-income countries: an international modified Delphi study - Supplementary materials
No full textBackground: Given that pregnant women are now included among those for receipt coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, it is important to ensure that information systems can be used (or available) for active safety surveillance, especially in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim of this study was to build consensus about the use of existing maternal and neonatal data collection systems in LMICs for COVID-19 vaccines active safety surveillance, a basic set of variables, and the suitability and feasibility of including pregnant women and LMIC research networks in COVID-19 vaccines pre-licensure activities.
Methods: A three-stage modified Delphi study was conducted over three months in 2020. An international multidisciplinary panel of 16 experts participated. Ratings distributions and consensus were assessed, and ratings’ rationale was analyzed.
Conclusions: Although there was some uncertainty regarding feasibility, experts recommended using maternal and neonatal data collection systems and agreed on a common set of variables for COVID-19 vaccines active safety surveillance in LMIC
Validating indicators for monitoring availability and geographic distribution of emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmoNC) facilities: a study triangulating health system, facility, and geospatial data
No full textAvailability of emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC) is a strong supply side measure of essential health system capacity that is closely and causally linked to maternal mortality reduction and fundamentally to achieving universal health coverage. The World Health Organization’s indicator “Availability of EmONC facilities” was prioritized as a core indicator to prevent maternal death. The indicator focuses on whether there are sufficient emergency care facilities to meet the population need, but not all facilities designated as providing EmONC function as such. This study seeks to validate “Availability of EmONC” by comparing the value of the indicator after accounting for key aspects of facility functionality and an alternative measure of geographic distribution. This study takes place in four subnational geographic areas in Argentina, Ghana, and India using a census of all birthing facilities. Performance of EmONC in the 90 days prior to data collection was assessed by examining facility records. Data were collected on facility operating hours, staffing, and availability of essential medications. Population estimates were generated using ArcGIS software using WorldPop to estimate the total population, and the number of women of reproductive age (WRA), pregnancies and births in the study areas. In addition, we estimated the population within two-hours travel time of an EmONC facility by incorporating data on terrain from Open Street Map. Using these data sources, we calculated and compared the value of the indicator after incorporating data on facility performance and functionality while varying the reference population used. Further, we compared its value to the proportion of the population within two-hours travel time of an EmONC facility. Included in our study were 34 birthing facilities in Argentina, 51 in Ghana, and 282 in India. Facility performance of basic EmONC (BEmONC) and comprehensive EmONC (CEmONC) signal functions varied considerably. One facility (4.8%) in Ghana and no facility in India designated as BEmONC had performed all seven BEmONC signal functions. In Argentina, three (8.8%) CEmONC-designated facilities performed all nine CEmONC signal functions, all located in Buenos Aires Region V. Four CEmONC-designated facilities in Ghana (57.1%) and the three CEmONC-designated facilities in India (23.1%) evidenced full CEmONC performance. No sub-national study area in Argentina or India reached the target of 5 BEmONC-level facilities per 20,000 births after incorporating facility functionality yet 100% did in Argentina and 50% did in India when considering only facility designation. Demographic differences also accounted for important variation in the indicator’s value. In Ghana, the total population in Tolon within 2 hours travel time of a designated EmONC facility was estimated at 99.6%; however, only 91.1% of women of reproductive age were within 2 hours travel time. Comparing the value of the indicator when calculated using different definitions reveals important inconsistencies, resulting in conflicting information about whether the threshold for sufficient coverage is met. This raises important questions related to the indicator’s validity. To provide a valid measure of effective coverage of EmONC, the construct for measurement should extend beyond the most narrow definition of availability and account for functionality and geographic accessibility
Maternal and neonatal data collection systems in low- and middle-income countries: Scoping review protocol
No full textBackground: Pregnant women and neonates represent one of the most vulnerable groups, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A recent analysis reported that most vaccine pharmacovigilance systems in LMICs consist of spontaneous (passive) adverse event reporting. Thus, LMICs need effective active surveillance approaches, such as pregnancy registries. We intend to identify currently active maternal and neonatal data collection systems in LMICs, with the potential to inform active safety electronic surveillance for novel vaccines using standardized definitions. Methods: A scoping review will be conducted based on established methodology. Multiple databases of indexed and grey literature will be searched with a specific focus on existing electronic and paper-electronic systems in LMICs that collect continuous, prospective, and individual-level data from antenatal care, delivery, neonatal care (up to 28 days), and postpartum (up to 42 days) at the facility and community level, at the national and district level, and at large hospitals. Also, experts will be contacted to identify unpublished information on relevant data collection systems. General and specific descriptions of Health Information Systems (HIS) extracted from the different sources will be combined and duplicated HIS will be removed, producing a list of unique statements. We will present a final list of Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health systems considered flexible enough to be updated with necessary improvements to detect, assess and respond to safety concerns during the introduction of vaccines and other maternal health interventions. Selected experts will participate in an in-person consultation meeting to select up to three systems to be further explored in situ. Results and knowledge gaps will be synthesized after expert consultation.Fil: Berrueta, Mabel. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Bardach, Ariel Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Ciapponi, Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Xiong, Xu. University of Tulane; Estados UnidosFil: Stergachis, Andy. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Zaraa, Sabra. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Buekens, Pierre. University of Tulane; Estados UnidosFil: Absalon, Judith. No especifíca;Fil: Anderson, Steve. No especifíca;Fil: Althabe, Fernando. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Madhi, Shabir A.. No especifíca;Fil: McClure, Elizabeth. No especifíca;Fil: Munoz, Flor M.. No especifíca;Fil: Mwamwitwa, Kissa W.. No especifíca;Fil: Nakimuli, Annettee. No especifíca;Fil: Clark Nelson, Jennifer. No especifíca;Fil: Noguchi, Lisa. No especifíca;Fil: Panagiotakopoulos, Lakshmi. No especifíca;Fil: Sevene, Esperanca. No especifíca;Fil: Zuber, Patrick. No especifíca;Fil: Belizan, Maria. No especifíca;Fil: Bergel, Eduardo. No especifíca;Fil: Rodriguez Cairoli, Federico. No especifíca;Fil: Castellanos, Fabricio. No especifíca;Fil: Ciganda, Alvaro. No especifíca;Fil: Comande, Daniel. No especifíca;Fil: Pingray, Veronica. No especifíca
Validation Data of Indicators Measuring: Density and Distribution of Midwives and Midwives are authorized to deliver basic emergency obstetric and newborn care (BEmONC)
No full textThis is the dataset to validate three indicators related to the density and distribution of midwives and midwife performance of BEmONC functions.
1. Health worker density and distribution [of midwifery professionals]
(per 1,000 population);
Metadata
Numerator: Number of health workers by cadre
Denominator: Total population
Disaggregator(s)
Cadre: General and specialist practitioners, nursing and midwifery professionals, traditional and complementary medicine professionals;
Distribution: Place of employment (urban/rural), Subnational (district) Data Source
Health worker registry
Indicator Reference
WHO Core Health Indicators
2. Density of midwives, by district (by births)
Numerator: Number of midwives in a district
Denominator: All births/pregnancies in a district
Disaggregator(s): None
Data Source
Surveys
Indicator Reference
WHO Consultation on Improving Measurement of Quality of MNCH in Facilities
3. Midwives are authorized to deliver basic emergency obstetric and newborn care (BEmONC)
Metadata
Midwives are authorized to perform specific tasks
Indicator Definition: A national policy allows midwives to deliver the seven functions of basic emergency obstetric and newborn care.
• Parenteral antibiotics
• Parenteral oxytocin
• Parenteral anticonvulsants
• Manual removal of the placenta
• Removal of retained products of conception
• Assisted vaginal delivery
• Newborn resuscitation
Disaggregation
Nurse
Midwife
Nurse-Midwife
Medical Assistant
Data Source
WHO RMNCAH Policy Survey 2018
Indicator Reference
Countdown to 2030
Study Aims:
1. To compare documentary evidence of authorization of midwives and midwifery professionals to perform the seven basic EmONC signal functions with the reported response on the indicator for that country.
2. To compare authorization to evidence of actual performance of each signal function by midwives and midwifery professionals in the last 90-day period in facilities where emergency maternal and newborn care is available each study setting.
3. To compare the scope of practice of midwifery professionals in each country to international reference standards. To compare estimates from two indicators that aim to measure the same construct (density and distribution of midwives and midwifery professionals), in order to explore whether they are consistent/track reliably with each other (convergent validity), whether there is evidence that one measure gives more accurate estimate or is a more efficient way to capture the construct, and finally whether adjusting these two indicators by linking the data sources and/or adjusting the numerator and/or denominator would give a better estimate of this construct
Validation Data for: Availability and Distribution of BEmONC
No full textThis dataset contains the primary data for facility EmONC performance.
Metadata
Availability of functional emergency obstetric care (EmOC) facilities
Indicator Definition: Percent of the minimum acceptable number of functioning EmONC facilities per 500,000 population. The minimum acceptable number is at least five EmOC facilities (including at least one comprehensive facility) for every 500,000 population.
Calculation: Divide the number of existing facilities by the recommended number and multiply by 100
Numerator: Number of obstetric care facilities that provided EmONC signal functions in the last three months
Denominator: Per 500,000 population
Disaggregator(s): Facility level
Data Source: Health facility surveys, routine facility monitoring, census or other population data source
Indicator Reference: WHO/UNICEF/UNFPA/AMDD Monitoring Emergency Obstetric Care: A Handbook
Geographic distribution of facilities that provide basic and comprehensive emergency obstetric care (EmOC)
Indicator Definition: The number of subnational areas with the minimum number of EmOC facilities. The minimum acceptable number is at least five EmOC facilities (including at least one comprehensive facility) for every 500,000 population.
Calculation: Divide the number of existing facilities in the subnational area by the recommended number and multiply by 100
Numerator: Number of EmOC facilities in the subnational area
Denominator : Population of subnational area divided by 500,000
Disaggregator(s): Facility level
Data Source: Facility surveys, maps, health system administrative and census data, GIS
Indicator Reference: WHO/UNFPA/UNICEF/AM DD Monitoring Emergency Obstetric Care: A Handbook
More information at:
MEASURE FP and RH Indicators Database
Construct for Validation
Two dimensions of availability: availability of all EmONC signal functions within designated EmONC facilities, and sufficient EmONC facilities to meet the needs of the population (coverage)
Study Aims:
To compare estimates of the multidimensional construct of availability of facilities providing emergency obstetric care that are based on different measurement approaches and different data sources in order to explore their external consistency or convergent validity
Validation data for measuring the "Legal Status of Abortion"
No full textThis dataset contains primary data collected from abortion providers in Argentina, Ghana, and India to validate the indicator "Legal Status of Abortion."
Metadata
Indicator definition: the legal grounds under which abortion is allowed.
Criteria for ranking:
I = to save a woman’s life
II = to preserve physical health and above
III = to preserve mental health and above
IV = for economic and social reason and the above
V = on request and above
R = in case of rape or incest
F = in case of fetal impairment
— = data are not available
Indicator Reference
Countdown to 2030
Study Aims
To verify that the legal status of abortion is accurately reported in each country, and to look for variation at the provider and facility level of the application of the law, and thus the accessibility of induced abortion, on each legal ground
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