1,721,097 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Epigenetic Regulation of Viral Gene Expression
Get PDFThe University of Nevada, Reno Libraries will promptly respond to removal requests related to content that violates intellectual property laws, data protections, or has been uploaded without creator consent. Takedown notices should be directed to our ScholarWolf team ([email protected]) with information about the object, including its full URL and the nature of your complaint.Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes multiple malignancies in mainly immunocompromised individuals. KSHV exists in two distinct phases within its host: latent and lytic. During its latent phase, small amounts of viral genes are expressed while most of the viral genome exists in a highly condensed chromatin state. The virus can undergo lytic reactivation where the chromatin is opened up to express many viral genes to produce progeny virions. Multiple viral factors influence the virus’ transition between these two latent-lytic stages. ORF59, a DNA processivity factor, and PAN RNA, a long noncoding RNA, are important in altering the viral chromatin to remove repressive marks to promote lytic reactivation. The histone demethylases UTX and JMJD3 are also responsible for removing repressive marks from the viral genome. Previous studies have shown that PAN RNA interacts with UTX and JMJD3 as well as ORF59. This interaction prompted the question, does ORF59 also interact with UTX and JMJD3 and does this binding occur through an RNA intermediate? Protein-protein interaction studies were performed to determine that UTX and JMJD3 bind to ORF59. Our results also suggest that PAN RNA is required for the interaction of UTX and JMJD3 with the viral processivity factor ORF59. Given the importance of these factors in transitioning the virus into its lytic phase, identifying this interaction could help lead to the prevention of viral lytic reactivation
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dynamics of KSHV gene expression during de novo infection and the role of LANA in immune modulation
No full textKaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an oncogenic human herpes virus that has been linked to the development of multiple malignancies including Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease. Like all members of the herpesvirus family, KSHV establishes a lifelong persistence in the infected host. However, immediately upon infection, the virus has to overcome many challenges in the hostile cellular environment before it can establish a long-term infection. The remarkable success of the virus in establishing lifelong persistence in the infected host indicates that the virus is well equipped to manipulate the host environment very efficiently, even before it has a chance to fully express its genome. In order to understand how KSHV manipulates the host environment immediately upon infection, we must first understand which molecules are packaged in the virions and which viral genes are expressed during the initial time points following entry of the virus into the host cells. In chapter I, we probe these questions by performing a comprehensive analysis of the viral transcriptome in the purified KSHV virions. We also examine the dynamics of viral transcriptome at very early time-points following de novo infection of multiple cell lines permissive to long-term infection of KSHV. For this comprehensive study of viral transcriptome analysis, we used a high throughput approach of next-generation RNA sequencing. The results of this study identified many viral transcripts that are packaged into the virions and the transcripts that are actively transcribed during the initial infection period. Overall, the results of this study lay a foundation for future research targeting the viral genes whose expression may be critical for establishing a successful viral infection. One critical aspect of KSHV infection is its ability to persist throughout the life of the host. This can be attributed to its ability to efficiently hide from the host's immune surveillance. In chapter II, we identify a novel mechanism that helps the virus hide from the radar of host immunity. Our data sheds light on how one of the viral proteins, Latency- associated nuclear antigen (LANA), reduces the expression of major histocompatibility class II (MHC II) molecules, which are the molecules that are critical for reporting viral antigens to the immune cells of the host. We demonstrated that LANA binds with the proteins of regulatory factor X (RFX) complex, which are essential components of MHC II transcription machinery. The association of LANA with RFX complex reduces binding of the transcription factor called class II transactivator (CIITA) to the highly conserved promoters of MHC II genes. Binding of the CIITA to MHC II promoters is absolutely necessary for the expression of MHC II genes; by reducing the association of CIITA with the promoters of MHC II genes, LANA inhibits the expression of MHC II genes. KSHV infection is known to induce multiple pro-angiogenic cytokines that aid in extensive angiogenesis associated with Kaposi's sarcoma tumors. In chapter III, we demonstrate that LANA induces expression of a secreted angiogenic cytokine epidermal growth factor-like multiple 7 (EGFL7). Our data shows that LANA induces expression of EGFL7 in B cells, suggesting that it may act in a paracrine fashion during KSHV infection. The results of this research provide insight into an additional mechanism used by KSHV to promote angiogenesis. Targeting EGFL7 in combination with other important angiogenic cytokines induced during KSHV infection may increase the effectiveness of currently available anti-angiogenic therapy for Kaposi's sarcoma
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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