1,720,984 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Pre-Synthesis Optimization of Arithmetic Circuits
No full textThe efficient synthesis of circuits is a well-studied problem. Due to the NP-hardness of the problem, no optimal algorithm has been presented so far. However, the heuristics presented by several researchers in the past, which are also adopted by commercially available tools, are able to generate near-optimal design implementation for most circuits. Apart from very few exceptions, these heuristics exploit the rules of Boolean algebra, involving the logical operations OR and AND, in order to transform the circuit. The approach works well for common logic circuits where OR and AND gates constitute the major portion of the circuitry. On the other hand, on arithmetic circuits including a large proportion of XOR gates in addition to the other two basic types, these heuristics perform poorly. For arithmetic circuits, current logic synthesis tools generate design implementations which are far from optimal. This is the case even for very common arithmetic circuits such as adders and multipliers. Current synthesis tools are unable to convert a Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) into a Carry Look-Ahead Adder (CLA) when synthesized for delay. For this reason, designers still rely on manually explored designs for arithmetic circuits. In this work, we explore the challenges in the efficient synthesis of arithmetic circuits and present a set of efficient algorithms to overcome these challenges. The presented algorithms vary in their computational complexity, and also in the granularity of the circuit details at which they work. We also present a methodology to combine these algorithms so that they can be applied on larger circuits without losing performance. The developed method, to which we refer as pre-synthesis circuit restructuring, starts with an elementary description of the input circuit and generates a quasi-optimal implementation of the circuit. The presented algorithms have been tested on a wide variety of circuits, including both arithmetic and nonarithmetic circuits. In nonarithmetic circuits, the generated design implementations have performance comparable to those generated by state-of-the-art techniques. However, for arithmetic and composite (mixture of arithmetic and nonarithmetic) circuits, our algorithms generate significantly better implementations. Contrary to currently used synthesis tools, our algorithms are able to convert a Ripple Carry Adder into a Carry Look-Ahead Adder without using any information about the functionality of the input circuit. For some circuits, such as multipliers and multi-input comparators, our algorithms are able to generate completely new design implementations, which have not yet been explored manually. Since our algorithm is able to generate a meaningful (i.e., near optimal) architectural implementation of a circuit component without any prior knowledge about its functionality, it eliminates the need of library implementation of arithmetic circuits. Although the algorithms presented here are not specific to arithmetic circuits and can be applied to any circuit, due to higher complexity compared to other logic synthesis heuristics, the use of our method is recommended for arithmetic circuits only. In addition to experimental evidence, the effectiveness of our algorithm on arithmetic circuits is also proved theoretically.LA
A robust algorithm for estimating the balance of Autonomic Nervous System with application to mental fatigue detection using photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals
Full text linkSpectral- and time-domain analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) signal is widely used as a quantitative marker of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) activity. A robust algorithm was developed to derive HRV from photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals, to compute FFT- and AR-based spectra of these HRV signals, and to determine time- and frequency-domain features. This algorithm has detrending, sample-rate reductions, false-peak removal, automatic peak detection, peak-to-peak (P-P) interval detection and correction, time-domain feature extraction, HRV signal generation, and spectral-domain feature extraction from the HRV signal. Adapting to the very low spectral contents of the input PPG signal is very helpful in reducing the processing/computational effort. The spectral features include the LF/HF ratio since this can be used to quantify parasympathetic influences and sympathovagal balance. To validate the efficacy of the algorithm, PPG signals were recorded under different conditions such as stimulating an acupuncture point using a nanoscale patch, measuring relaxation after exercising, and others which are known to elicit changes in the state of the ANS. Significant differences in LF/HF were observed due to these effects. The pNN50, a time-domain measure of PP interval variability, was also considered for quantifying ANS activity and exploring its correlation with spectral features. We also used multiple sensors placed on different fingers to record PPG signals and to confirm that their respective spectral analysis was almost identical. We observed that a multiple sensor approach could be used to effectively reduce the impact of motion artifacts and of deterioration of signal quality due to loss of good PPG sensor contact. Finally, a time varying approach for analysis of HRV signal spectra was developed. It is proposed as a tool to estimate the ANS balance at any particular instant of time
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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