1,721,001 research outputs found
Management of frontal sinus and frontal recess inverted papilloma: our experience and systematic review
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Biological properties of the TLR3 receptor in Head and Neck carcinomas : oncogenic role and potential as a therapeutic target
No full textContexte. Les carcinomes des voies aérodigestives supérieures (VADS) arrivent en 6ème position parmi les cancers les plus fréquents au niveau mondial. La fonction du récepteur TLR3 dans les cellules de carcinomes des VADS est encore très mal comprise. Objectifs et méthodes. 1) Déterminer le niveau d’expression du récepteur TLR3 dans les lignées et les biopsies de carcinomes des VADS par western blot et par immunohistochimie. 2) Etudier le rôle de TLR3 dans la croissance tumorale de ces tumeurs, en utilisant notamment des lignées invalidées de façon conditionnelle pour TLR3. 3) Evaluer in vitro les effets cytotoxiques de ligands artificiels de TLR3 soit seuls, soit utilisés en combinaisons avec un inhibiteur d’IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis protein).Résultats. La protéine TLR3 est détectée à un niveau élevé en western blot dans les lignées de carcinomes des VADS étudiées, comparativement à un panel d’autres tumeurs épithéliales humaines. TLR3 est également constamment détecté en immunohistochimie dans les biopsies. TLR3 semble jouer un rôle dans la croissance tumorale des carcinomes des VADS : dans certaines conditions de culture (culture en hypoxie ou en milieu pauvre en SVF et en nutriments), la stimulation de TLR3 par un ligand exogène, le poly(A:U), favorise la croissance des cellules tumorales. Nous avons étudié l’effet de la stimulation de TLR3 sur le métabolisme glucidique dans ces mêmes cellules en utilisant un appareil de type Seahorse® qui mesure la consommation d’oxygène et la production de protons à partir de cellules cultivées en microplaques. Ces expériences montrent que la stimulation de TLR3 fait augmenter l’activité des voies du métabolisme cellulaire anaérobie (glycolyse extra-mitochondriale). Une étude métabolomique a mis en évidence des différences significatives dans le profil métabolique des cellules tumorales stimulées par le poly(A:U) comparativement aux cellules non traitées. Par ailleurs, nous avons montré que la stimulation de TLR3 permettait de détecter le facteur de transcription HIF1 en Western blot, même en conditions normoxiques. Sachant que des ARN libérés par des cellules en état de nécrose peuvent stimuler TLR3, il est tentant de penser que ce récepteur pourrait favoriser la survie des cellules malignes en zone hypoxique au voisinage de cellules nécrotiques. Néanmoins, l’expression de TLR3 représente aussi un facteur de vulnérabilité pour les cellules de carcinome des VADS : en effet les ligands artificiels de TLR3 utilisés en combinaison avec un inhibiteur d’IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) produisent des effets cytotoxiques sur les lignées de carcinomes des VADS étudiées.Background. Head and Neck (HN) carcinomas are the 6th most frequent type of cancer worldwide. The role of the TLR3 receptor in HN carcinomas remains poorly understood.Objectives and Methods. 1) To assess the expression level of TLR3 in HN carcinoma cell lines and biopsies by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. 2) To study the role of TLR3 in tumour growth using specific cell lines with conditional knock-down of TLR3. 3). To assess in vitro the cytotoxic effects of artificial ligands of TLR3 used either alone or in combination with an IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis protein) inhibitor.Results. TLR3 protein was detected at a high level by Western blot analysis in HN carcinoma cell lines, by comparison with a panel of other human epithelial cancer cell lines. TLR3 was also consistently detected by immunohistochemistry in tumour biopsies. TLR3 seem to play a role in HN carcinoma cell growth: under certain culture conditions (hypoxic or low fetal calf serum/low nutrient culture conditions), TLR3 stimulation by a synthetic ligand, the poly(A:U), favours tumour cell growth. We investigated the effects of TLR3 stimulation on glucose metabolism using a Seahorse® analyzer, which measures the oxygen consumption and the proton production in living cells. Our results indicate that TLR3 stimulation induces an increase in anaerobic metabolism (extra-mitochondrial glycolysis). A metabolomic study revealed significant changes in the metabolic profile of cancer cells treated by poly(A:U) by comparison with untreated cells. We also showed that under TLR3 stimulation, HIF1 became detectable by Western blot analysis, even in normoxia. Given the fact that RNA fragments released by dying cells are able to trigger TLR3, one can assume that TLR3 might favour cancer cell survival in hypoxic areas located near the necrotic core of the tumour. However, TLR3 expression is also a factor of vulnerability for HN carcinoma cells: indeed, the combination of TLR3 artificial ligands with an IAP inhibitor has a strong cytotoxic effect on HN carcinoma cells in vitro
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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