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High performance liquid chromatographic profiling of antioxidant and antidiabetic flavonoids purified from Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf ethanolic extract
No full textAzadirachta indica (neem) is a tropical and semi-tropical tree native to the whole Indian subcontinent. Neem leaves are rich in flavonoids, which exhibit important pharmacological activities targeting almost all human organs. In order to produce a purified extract of neem leaves enriched of antioxidant and antidiabetic flavonoids, the ethanolic extract of neem leaves has been further undergone to liquid-liquid extractions by using three different organic solvents, i.e. dichloromethane, n-butanol and ethyl acetate. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed on the extracts obtained by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Astragalin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, nicotiflorin and rutin were the only flavonoids found among those screened. By comparing all HPLC chromatograms of purified extracts as obtained with different solvents, it was found that the qualitative-quantitative composition of flavonoids depends upon the extraction solvent used; in particular, dichloromethane allows extraction of 89.5 % quercitrin, 5.3 % isoquercitrin, 5.2 % rutin; n-butanol allows extraction of 6.0 % isoquercitrin, 6.2 % nicotiflorin, 87.8 % rutin; ethyl acetate allows extraction of 4.2 % astragalin, 12.0 % quercitrin, 50.3 % isoquercitrin, 6.7 % nicotiflorin, 26.9 % rutin. Thus, depending on the specific purposes and needs, each of these three extraction solvents has the potential to prepare formulations enriched with the most suitable flavonoids composition
15th Eurasia Conference on Chemical Sciences (EuAsC2S-15) - 5th-8th September 2018, Rome, Italy
Full text linkPure Appl. Chem. 2019; 91(10): 1549–1552 Preface Luciana Dini*, Daniele Passeri, Cristian Vergallo and Marco Rossi 15th Eurasia Conference on Chemical Sciences (EuAsC2S-15) – 5th–8th September 2018, Rome, Italy https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0904 Keywords: 15th Eurasia Conference on Chemical Sciences; EuAsC2S-15; Eurasia 2018. Around 1985–1986, Prof. Bernd M. Rode from the University of Innsbruck (Austria) suggested with Prof. Hitoshi Ohtaki (an International Steering Committee Member of the International Conference on Solution Chemistry, ICSC) to organize an international conference on solution chemistry in Thailand. ICSC was scheduled in 1988 and, thus, it was not possible to organize the new conference in Thailand before that year. Upon invitation of Prof. Ivano Bertini of Florence University (Italy) by Profs. Rode and Ohtaki to join this first committee, the three founders discussed the proposal and changed Prof. Rode’s original idea to the creation of an international conference called Eurasia Conference on Chemistry of Solutions (EuAsC2S) aimed at deepening friendship among chemists in the Eurasian supercontinent, and supporting them with the help of chemists from Countries in other continents, such as USA, Canada, and Australia. This could be achieved with the organization of the international Eurasia series of conferences of world-top quality and class, mainly in developing Asian countries with the participation of a world-wide friendship network. Through this conference Worldleading researchers were invited, with whom scientists, especially young ones from developing countries, could exchange information, opinions, results, and visions to emphasize scientific activities in their countries. Under such a vision of the three founders, Profs. Rode, Ohtaki and Bertini, the First Eurasia Conference on Chemistry of Solutions (1st EuAsC2S) was held in Bangkok in 1988 (http://xray.kaist.ac.kr/euasc2s/). In the same year, the logo of the conference (EuAsC2S) was proposed by Dr. Sunt Techakumpuch of Chulalongkorn University (Thailand). Eurasia Conference on Chemistry of Solutions changed its name to Eurasia Conference of Chemistry in Seoul (Korea) in 1990, and then, again to Eurasia Conference on Chemical Sciences in 1992 in Guangzou (China), due to its expansion to all areas of chemistry, now involved in the conference. All previous conferences of this series had been organized in Asiatic countries, while the first to be organized in Europe was the 12th in Greece. Chairman of 12th Eurasia was Emeritus Professor of Chemistry Nick Hadjiliadis. Every Chairman of Eurasia Conferences on Chemical Sciences is a member of the International Organizing Committee (IOC) at each conference and has a general supervision of the organization. The Chairman of the National Organizing Committee (NOC) is responsible for the organization of the conference with the cooperation of the National Article note: A collection of invited papers based on presentations at the 15th Eurasia Conference on Chemical Sciences (EuAsC 2S-15) held at Sapienza University of Rome, Italy, 5–8 September 2018. *Corresponding author: Luciana Dini, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin” (BBCD), Piazzale Aldo Moro n. 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; and CNR Nanotec, 73100 Lecce, Italy, e-mail: [email protected] Daniele Passeri and Marco Rossi: Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), Via Antonio Scarpa n. 14 00161, Rome, Italy Cristian Vergallo: University of Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Department of Pharmacy, Via dei Vestini n. 31, 63100 Chieti, Italy © 2019 IUPAC & De Gruyter. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. For more information, please visit: http://creativecommons.org/liceBnroseusg/hbty t-on cy-onud /b4y. 0| /Universita Studi di Torino Authenticated Download Date | 10/21/19 1:28 PM 1550 L. Dini et al.: 15th Eurasia Conference on Chemical Sciences (EuAsC2S-15) (Local) Organizing Committee. Besides these committees, EuAsC2S has also the International Advisory Committee (Board) in which world-leading scientists are contributing to support the activities of the conference. At present, EuAsC2S has 37 members from 28 Countries. 15th Eurasia Conference on Chemical Sciences (EuAsC2S-15) was held in Rome in the Renaissance Cloister by Sangallo at the Faculty of Civil and Industrial Engineering of Sapienza University of Rome in Via Eudossiana n. 18, from 5th to 8th September 2018. This was the second Eurasia Conference organised in Europe. EuAsC 2S-15 covered all branches of modern chemistry, bringing together leading chemists and young scientists. The main topics of the conference, covered by 20 thematic symposia, were: Inorganic Chemistry (chemistry that deals with the structure and interactions between inorganic compounds); Organic, Biological and Medicinal Chemistry (chemistry of carbon and living things, chemistry as it applies to pharmacology and medicine); Agrochemistry and Food Chemistry (chemistry for agricultural production and food processing); Environmental and Green Chemistry (chemistry concerning processes and products for environmental remediation, eliminate or reduce the use or release of hazardous substances); Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Medicinal Chemistry; Natural Products in Medicinal Chemistry (involved with design, chemical synthesis and development for market of pharmaceutical agents, or bioactive molecules, extraction of natural compounds to be used as drugs); Physical Chemistry, Photochemistry, Electrochemistry, Spectroscopy, Thermochemistry (chemistry that applies physics to the study of chemistry, chemistry that involves the study of chemical reactions in a solution at the interface between an ionic conductor and an electrical conductor, chemistry concerned with interactions between light and matter, chemistry that examines the interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiation as a function of wavelength, thermal effects of chemical reactions and the thermal energy exchange between processes); Theoretical and Combinatorial Chemistry (calculations to explain or make predictions about chemical phenomena, computer simulation of molecules and reactions between molecules); Analytical Chemistry (chemistry studying the properties of materials or developing tools to analyse materials); Chemical Engineering (practical application of chemistry to solve problems); Chemistry for Nanomaterials and Nanostructured Materials: Synthesis, Modelling, Characterization and Applications (recent advances about the chemistry contribution to this highly interdisciplinary research field to realize reliable processing and tailoring of morphology, structure and properties); Chemistry of biomaterials (recent developments of organic and inorganic thin films and coatings to design, stimulate new ideas, provide promising solutions, as well as discuss fundamental and applied topics in biomaterials); Women in chemistry (the significant roles of women in all the areas related to chemistry); Chemistry and Ethics (issues related to research ethics relevant within the chemical community and affecting the society and the environment). The cultural program of the Conference included two sightseeing tours through the ancient Rome at both Forum of Augustus and Forum of Caesar scheduled on September 6th, 2019. All conference information, including agenda and speakers, are available at the URL http://www. eurasia2018.org/rome/. International Organizing Committee (IOC): Atta-ur-Rahman (Pakistan), Bruno Botta (Italy), Iqbal M. Choudhary (Pakistan), Srinivasan Chandrasekaran (India), Nick Hadjiliadis (Greece), Susumu Kitagawa (Japan), Musa Z. Nazer (Jordan), Bernd Michael Rode (Austria), Hyunjoon Song, Secretary (Korea). EuAsC2S Founder: Ivano Bertini (Italy, passed away 2014), Hitoshi Ohtaki (Japan, passed away 2006), Bernd Michael Rode (Austria). EuAsC2S Fellows: Gilbert Balavoine (France), Jan Reedijk (The Netherlands), John Mark Webb (Australia), Bilge Sener (Turkey). International Advisory Board (IAB): Amal F. Al-Aboudi (Jordan), Eugene V. Babaev (Russia), Fabian M. Dayrit (Philippines), Sotiris K Hadjikakou (Greece), Supot Hannongbua (Thailand), Raji Heyrovska (Czech Republic), Chee-Cheong Ho (Malaysia), Thomas Hofer (Austria), Sung H. Kang (Korea), Tamas Kiss (Hungary), Narayanaswamy Jayaraman (India), Hian K. Lee (Singapore), Yuan T. Lee (Taiwan), Zong-Wan Mao (China), M. Mosihuzzaman (Bangladesh), Govindasamy Mugesh (India), Michitaka Ohtaki (Japan), Hiroki Oshio (Japan), Maurizio Peruzzini (Italy), Kim P.P. Nguyen (Vietnam), Harno D. Pranowo (Indonesia), Roland K. O. Sigel (Switzerland), Hongzhe Sun (China), Myunghyun Paik Suh (Korea), Edit Tshuva (Israel), Franz Wimmer (Brunei Darussalam), Toshio Yamaguch (Japan). Emeritus Member: Youngkyu Do (Korea), Hiroshi Yokoyama Brought to you by | Universita Studi di Torino Authenticated Download Date | 10/21/19 1:28 PM L. Dini et al.: 15th Eurasia Conference on Chemical Sciences (EuAsC2S-15) 1551 (Japan), Nagao Kobayashi (Japan), Jean-Marie Lehn (France), Ingmar Persson (Sweden), Wolfgang Voelter (Germany), Leiv Sydnes (Norway). National Organizing Committee (NOC): Luciana Dini (Chair – Sapienza University of Rome), Bruno Botta (Co-Chair – Sapienza University of Rome), Francesco Paolo Fanizzi (Vice-Chair – University of Salento), Andrea Caneschi (Vice-Chair – University of Florence, INSTM), Marco Rossi (Conference Secretary – Sapienza University of Rome, NanoItaly Association), Eugenio Amendola (National Research Council-Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, CNR-IPCB), Piero Baglioni (University of Florence), Michele Benedetti (University of Salento), Ruggero Caminiti (Sapienza University of Rome), Antonella Canini (University of Rome Tor Vergata), Giuseppe Cannazza (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia), Luisa Campagnolo (University of Rome Tor Vergata), Giuseppe Ciccarella (University of Salento), Gianluca Farinola (University of Bari), Paride Mantecca (University of Milan-Bicocca), Maurizio Masi (Polytechnic University of Milan), Claudio Medana (University of Turin), Maria Luisa Pompili (National Research Council-Department of Chemical Science and Materials Technologies, CNR-DSCTM), Ludovico Valli (University of Salento). National Advisory Board (NAB): Angela Agostiano (University of Bari), Vincenzo Barone (Scuola Normale Superiore), Alberto Boffi (Sapienza University of Rome), Adele Carradò (Universitè de Strasbourg), Aldo Laganà (Sapienza University of Rome), Silvia Licoccia (University of Rome Tor Vergata), Giovanni Natile (University of Bari), Francesco Nicotra (University of Milan-Bicocca), Maria Letizia Terranova (University of Rome Tor Vergata), Teodoro Valente (Sapienza University of Rome), Sesto Viticoli (Association for Industrial Research, AIRI). Local Organizing Committee (LOC). Coordinators: Daniele Passeri, Francesca A. Scaramuzzo, Emanuela Tamburri, Cristian Vergallo. Staff Members: Elisabetta Carata, Stefania Mariano, Massimo Moretti, Francesco Mura, Elisa Panzarini, Angela Sorbo, Stefano Tacconi, Ada Maria Tata, Bernardetta Anna Tenuzzo. Staff and Administration Supervisor: Cristina Gippa. EuAsC2S-15, organized and chaired by Prof. Luciana Dini (Fig. 1), was the occasion to aim the spotlight on and celebrate several anniversaries. Indeed, 2018 was the 30th birthday of EuAsC2S-15 conference. Also, 2019 is the 100th birthday of IUPAC, which endorsed EuAsC2S-15 conference. Finally, 2019 has been declared the International Year of Periodic Table, celebrated by IUPAC by realizing a periodic table of young researchers (https://iupac.org/100/pt-of-chemist/). EuAsC2S-15 saw the presence of about 120 attendees from 30 countries (Fig. 2). 40 % of attendees were women, which represents a satisfying result in terms of promotion of gender equality. Overall, the number and the provenience of attendees led to a broad, stimulating programme with over 80 lectures (including those by Nobel Laureate Prof. Jean-Marie Lehn, Fig. 3) along with 38 poster presentations. The most scientifically relevant of them have been selected for these two special issues of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Fig. 1: Prof. Luciana Dini during the EuAsC2S-15’s opening ceremony. Brought to you by | Universita Studi di Torino Authenticated Download Date | 10/21/19 1:28 PM 1552 L. Dini et al.: 15th Eurasia Conference on Chemical Sciences (EuAsC2S-15) We would like to express our gratitude to everyone who supported this conference, from the attendees through the various members of our committees to our extensive list of Sponsors: Banca Popolare Pugliese (www.bpp.it), MDPI (www.mdpi.com), Thermo Fisher Scientific (www.thermofisher.com). Thanks also to the Corporate Partner “Scuola Normale Superiore” (www.sns.it). Fig. 3: Prof. Jean-Marie Lehn (Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1987) during his Nobel Plenary Lecture entitled “Perspectives in chemistry: towards adaptive chemistry” given at EuAsC2S-15. Fig. 2: Group photo of the EuAsC2S-15’s participants on the entrance stairway of the Faculty of Civil and Industrial Engineering of Sapienza University of Rome. Brought to you by | Universita Studi di Torino Authenticated Download Date | 10/21/19 1:28 P
Lycopersicon esculentum lectin inis a marker of early transient amplifying cells (ETACs) in vitro cultures of isolated limbal stem cells.
No full textThe maintenance of a healthy corneal epithelium under both normal and wound healing conditions is
achieved by a population of stem cells (SCs) located in the basal epithelium at the corneoscleral limbus.
In the light of the development of strategies for reconstruction of the ocular surface in patients with
limbal stem cell deficiency, a major challenge in corneal SCs biology remains the ability to identify stem
cells in situ and in vitro. To date, not so much markers exist for the identification of different phenotypes.
CESCs (corneal epithelial stem cells) isolated from limbal biopsies were maintained in primary culture
for 14 days and stained with Hoechst and a panel of FITC-conjugated lectins. All lectins, with the exception
of Lycopersicon esculentum, labelled CESCs irrespective of the degree of differentiation. Lycopersicon
esculentum, that binds N-acetylglucosamine oligomers, labelled intensely only the surface of TACs (single
corneal epithelial stem cells better than colonial cells). These results suggest that Lycopersicon esculentum
lectin is a useful and easy-to-use marker for the in vitro identification of TACs (transient amplifying cells)
in cultures of isolated CESCs
Biocompatibility of Carbon Nanoparticles in HeLa Cells is Dictated by Synthesis and Sterilization Procedures
No full textDue to their unique chemical and physical properties, carbon-based NanoMaterials (C-NMs) are largely exploited in biomedicine, i.e., cell and tissue imaging, drug delivery and tissue engineering scaffold, even if reports regarding their toxicity are still conflicting. In fact, biological effects strictly depend on the dynamic physicochemical characteristics of C-NMs, which in turn are strongly influenced by the procedures of their synthesis, and nanometrological techniques, e.g., Electron Microscopy (EM)-based analysis, are becoming the main tool for researchers to characterize nanoproducts. The aim of the present work is the study of the influence of synthesis and sterilization protocols on the size, shape, stability and biocompatibility of carbon NanoParticles (C-NPs). C-NPs were synthesized by using graphite as bulk material through an electrochemical method applying a constant voltage of 30 V and different times of synthesis. The C-NPs solution was sterilized by adopting different sterilization protocols during and/or after the synthesis. Size, shape and stability were studied by TEM and spectroscopy, while biocompatibility was tested in HeLa cells. Synthesis and sterilization procedures did not influence size, shape and stability of C-NPs, but interfered with C-NPs biocompatibility. In fact, irrespective of time of electrolysis process, the NPs show spherical shape with an average diameter of 7 nm. UV-visible spectra show typical peak of carbonaceous materials that falls at 236 nm without aggregation and sedimentation. However, when NPs obtained at 90 min of synthesis were twice autoclaved the peak shifted to 257 nm. HeLa cells were incubated with different C-NPs solutions administered at different concentrations, ranging from 8×105 to 1.6×107 C-NPs/cell, for different times (4, 24 and 48h). Cell viability was C-NPs concentration- and time of culture-dependent; interestingly, also the time of electrolysis process used during particles synthesis and procedures adopted to sterilize C-NPs solutions largely influenced cells response
Biological systems interact with Engineered NanoMaterials (ENMs): possible environmental risks
No full textEffect of 6mT static magnetic field on the bcl-2, bax, p53 and hsp70 expression in freshly isolated and in vitro aged human lymphocytes.
No full textAn increasing number of evidence indicates that static magnetic fields (SMFs) are capable of altering
apoptosis, mainly through modulation of Ca2+ influx. Herewe present data that suggest apoptotic-related
gene expression as an alternative pathway, through which exposure to 6 milliTesla (mT) SMF can interfere
with apoptosis. Exposure to 6mT SMF affects the apoptotic rate (spontaneous and drug-induced) and
[Ca2+]i in isolated human lymphocytes; the aged cells are more susceptible to exposure than fresh ones.
The exposure to 6mT exerted a protective effect on chemical or physical-induced apoptosis, irrespective
of the age of the cells.
The investigation of the gene expression of bcl-2, bax, p53 and hsp70 in freshly isolated and in cultureaged
human lymphocytes indicates that these genes are modulated by SMF exposure in the experimental
conditions used, in a gene-, age- and time-dependent manner. The exposure of isolated lymphocytes to
SMF for up to 24 h modulated increased bax and p53 and decreased hsp70, and bcl-2. The amount of
increment and/or decrement of the proteins varied for each gene examined and was independent of the
apoptotic inducers. Finally, the same stress applied to freshly isolated or aged lymphocytes resulted in
different modulation of bcl-2, bax and hsp70
Lycopersicon esculentum lectin inis a marker of early transient amplifying cells (ETACs) in vitro cultures of isolated limbal stem cells.
No full textThe maintenance of a healthy corneal epithelium under both normal and wound healing conditions is
achieved by a population of stem cells (SCs) located in the basal epithelium at the corneoscleral limbus.
In the light of the development of strategies for reconstruction of the ocular surface in patients with
limbal stem cell deficiency, a major challenge in corneal SCs biology remains the ability to identify stem
cells in situ and in vitro. To date, not so much markers exist for the identification of different phenotypes.
CESCs (corneal epithelial stem cells) isolated from limbal biopsies were maintained in primary culture
for 14 days and stained with Hoechst and a panel of FITC-conjugated lectins. All lectins, with the exception
of Lycopersicon esculentum, labelled CESCs irrespective of the degree of differentiation. Lycopersicon
esculentum, that binds N-acetylglucosamine oligomers, labelled intensely only the surface of TACs (single
corneal epithelial stem cells better than colonial cells). These results suggest that Lycopersicon esculentum
lectin is a useful and easy-to-use marker for the in vitro identification of TACs (transient amplifying cells)
in cultures of isolated CESCs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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