1,721,028 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Phenotyping the Heart Failure Syndrome: Towards Individualized Patient Care
No full textDespite major advances over the last five decades in the treatment of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, important challenges still lay ahead. The steadily increasing prevalence of heart failure and the improved survival of patients suffering from it have caused a dramatic rise in hospital admissions, mostly for signs and symptoms of congestion. Novel pharmacological therapies, innovative devices and new treatment strategies are underway and tested in diverse clinical studies, which will undoubtedly provide clinicians with more tools to tackle this problem. However, also with currently available therapeutic options, one can make a difference through better targeting of the right therapy for the right patient. Yet, such individualized care requires a better phenotyping of the heart failure syndrome. In this Ph.D. thesis, the first chapter reinforced uptitration of neurohumoral blockers as an easy, cheap and effective strategy to improve clinical outcome in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction after a hospital admission. Moreover, our data suggest that while guideline recommended target doses continue to apply for renin-angiotensin system antagonists, uptitration of beta-blocking agents might be guided better by the resting heart rate response. The second chapter focused on response to CRT, which is certainly the most important advancement in heart failure device therapy. It was demonstrated that patients at advanced age and with multiple comorbid conditions continue to benefit from this life-saving treatment. However, age and comorbidities clearly impact on survival and may influence the decision whether to add a defibrillator function to CRT. Increasing use of CRT and other cardiac devices also provides an opportunity for better cardiac rhythm monitoring. Device-registered episodes of atrial tachyarrhythmia are detected in as much as one third of CRT patients, but our data show that a conservative approach is often warranted provided that the biventricular pacing percentage remains acceptably high. In addition, an intriguing retrospective analysis in this Ph.D. thesis suggests that CRT implantation more early after the diagnosis of heart failure could lead to better clinical outcomes. These results should be replicated in a randomized study design. Finally, DFTC was proposed as an easy measurement of diastolic dyssynchrony with high reproducibility in clinical practice. Short DFTC might help to identify patients without class I CRT indication that are still likely to respond well. Renal dysfunction is frequent in heart failure and associated with worse outcomes. In the third chapter of this Ph.D. thesis, it was demonstrated that kidney dysfunction in decompensated heart failure is often functional, i.e., without major structural damage to the renal tubules. Traditionally, renal function in the context of heart failure is monitored by measurements of serum creatinine that are used to estimate GFR. However, as extracellular volume homeostasis is largely governed by sodium handling in the renal tubules, other biomarkers, which better represent tubular function may be warranted. The urinary electrolyte composition could provide useful information regarding volume status to guide decongestive treatment. Moreover, it was demonstrated that natriuresis corrected for diuretic dose (i.e., diuretic efficacy) is a powerful predictor of clinical outcome in patients hospitalised with decompensated heart failure, even after correction for GFR. Indeed, poor diuretic efficacy is associated with inadequate decongestion and more pronounced neurohumoral activation. The pathophysiology of systemic congestion and its impact on different organ systems is complex and remains insufficiently understood. In this Ph.D. thesis, we developed a rat model to study the effects of abdominal congestion on the kidneys and abdominal organs. In a separate clinical study, invasive hemodynamics at rest and exercise were assessed in patients with decompensated heart failure and pulmonary hypertension, immediately after decongestive therapy. It was shown that exercise hemodynamics allowed better characterization of a patient phenotype responding well to pure afterload-reducing therapy with hydralazine. In contrast, another group of patients needed additional support of nitric oxide donor medication to maintain low PVR and adequate right ventricular function. Finally, it was demonstrated using CMR imaging that episodes of decompensated heart failure are associated with the presence of myocardial oedema. This phenomenon was reversible with effective decongestive treatment and not observed in peripheral muscle. Relief of myocardial oedema demonstrated an excellent correlation with ventricular unloading (i.e., change in pulmonary arterial wedge pressure), but not with changes in body weight or net fluid balance. This highlights the disconnect between volume and pressure in the vascular compartment, although both are often used interchangeable when defining congestion. Finally, to implement the findings from this Ph.D. thesis into clinical practice, efficient care management strategies are needed. The final study of this Ph.D. thesis therefore explored the concept of a modern heart failure clinic in which patients are not bounded by the borders of a ward, but instead transmural disease management is brought towards the patient. Very promising, such an approach was able to bring down heart failure readmissions significantly in patients with advanced heart failure suffering from repeated hospitalisations
Cardiale resynchronisatie therapie in een vergrijzende populatie: De Belgische situatie anno 2012
No full textkoamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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