170,573 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Passive and active personalized heating systems at a lower indoor ambient temperature
No full textDwellings in Belgium are comparatively larger than dwellings in other European countries. Moreover, their size is not always in line with the actual occupancy rate. Nowadays, most of these dwellings are heated by a single-zone, mostly convection-based heating system which heats all rooms simultaneously and completely. However, analysis of the effective spatial use shows that residents only use specific spots within a room at different times of the day, thus current heating systems do not correspond to the actual use of space. Nowadays, manufacturers focus mainly on increasing the efficiency of heating systems, while increasing the sufficiency of heating, i.e. using heat only at places where people are staying, can save a large amount of energy. In recent years, personalized acclimatizing systems in office buildings are well researched, especially for comfort improvement. However, less research is focussing on the opportunities of personalized heating as an energy saving option in residential buildings. Therefore, an experiment was performed on passive and active personalized heating systems, tested with 16 subjects, in a simulated living room at an ambient temperature of 18°C. The results of this experiment show that by making use of passive as well as active elements, people can feel comfortable at an indoor temperature lower than the commonly prescribed temperature of 21°C. 1. Introduction In Flanders, residential buildings represent 17% of the total energy consumption [1] and 50% to 75% of the energy consumption is used for space heating [2]. Thus, reducing energy use for heating can have a significant impact on the total energy consumption. Nowadays, energy savings are mainly driven by high insulation standards, airtightness requirements, energy-efficient appliances and energy-efficient all-air heating systems. However, these measures cause high material consumption and cannot always be executed correctly in older buildings. Furthermore, dwellings are typically heated by single-zone central heating systems, controlled by a central thermostat [3], whereas analysis of effective spatial use shows that residents do not use all rooms completely nor at the same time [4, 5]. Adapting the heating system to the effective spatial use by only heating places where residents actually reside, could lead to more sufficient heating. Additionally, it could be a relatively simple and temporary low-cost energy saving alternative for the traditional cost-and material-intensive renovation. Studies [6-8] already showed that human subjects can be comfortable at temperatures below current standards by making use of personalized heating. However, these studies are mostly focusing on office environments wher
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Personal Heating in Dwellings as an Innovative, Energy-Sufficient Heating Practice: A Case Study Research
No full textDespite the efforts to improve the energy efficiency of buildings, the actual energy consumption decreased much less than expected in recent years. Therefore, energy sufficiency is gaining attention as a complementary approach to energy efficiency. It aims to reduce the actual energy consumption of buildings by providing thermal comfort to residents in a sufficient way. This demands for alternative heating practices, such as the application of personal heating systems. Although a review of past studies shows that, in office buildings, thermal comfort can be provided with less energy by using personal heating systems, the application in a residential context is much less explored. Our hypothesis is that an innovative, energy-sufficient personal heating practice also has potential to reduce the overall energy consumption in dwellings. Therefore, this paper presents the results of a one-week case study on personal heating as an energy-sufficient heating practice in three dwellings. During the case study, the ambient temperature was reduced to 18 °C, and residents were allowed to use active and passive personal heating systems to make themselves as comfortable as possible. They were also asked to evaluate their thermal sensation and thermal comfort. The results show that, despite a lower indoor temperature, residents are able to achieve thermal comfort by using personal heating at the locations where they effectively reside. Additionally, a significant energy saving potential was found. The case study proved our hypothesis, leading to the conclusion that an innovative, sufficient personal heating practice in dwellings can be a supplementary step to reduce the energy consumption to meet the global challenges
Fairground Organ
No full textTaylor's stand alone Verbeeck organ with artwork by D. C. Slater. Digitisation and record funded by the Pilgrim Trust
Explorative Short-Term Predictive Models for the Belgian (Energy) Renovation Market Incorporating Macroeconomic and Sector-Specific Variables
No full textRetrofitting existing buildings is a cornerstone of Europe's strategy for a sustainable built environment. Therefore, accurate short-term forecasts to evaluate policy impacts and inform future strategies are needed. This study investigates the short-term predictive modelling of renovation activity in Belgium, focusing on overall renovation activity (RA) and energy-specific renovation activity (EA). Using data from 2012 to 2023, linear modelling was employed to analyze the relationships between RA/EA and macroeconomic indicators, market confidence, building permits, and loan data, with model performance evaluated using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Monthly data and time lags of up to 24 months were considered. The three best-performing models for RA achieved MAPE values between 2.9% and 3.1%, with validated errors ranging from 0.1% to 4.1%. For EA, the best models yielded MAPE values between 4.4% and 4.6% and validated errors between 8.9% and 14%. Renovation loans and building permits emerged as strong predictors for RA, while building material prices and loans were more relevant for EA. The time lag analysis highlighted that renovation processes typically span 15-24 months following loan approval. However, the low accuracy observed for EA underscores the need for further refinement. This explorative effort forms a solid base, inviting additional research to enhance our predictive capabilities and improve short-term modelling of the (green) residential renovation market
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
A 0.12mm<sup>2</sup> Wien-Bridge Temperature Sensor with 0.1°C (3σ) Inaccuracy from -40°C to 180°C
No full text Resistor-based temperature sensors can achieve much higher resolution and energy efficiency than conventional BJT-based sensors [1], but they typically occupy more area (> 0.25 mm 2 ) and have lower operating temperatures (le 125 {circ} {C}) [2]-[4]. This work describes a 0.12mm 2 resistor-based sensor that uses a Wien-bridge (WB) filter to achieve 0.1 {circ} {C} (3 sigma) inaccuracy from - 40 {circ} {C} to 180 {circ} {C}. Compared to a state-of-the-art WB sensor [4], it occupies 6 × less area and achieves comparable relative accuracy over a 76% wider operating range. Session 10.3 Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
A ±25A Versatile Shunt-Based Current Sensor with 10kHz Bandwidth and ±0.25% Gain Error from -40°C to 85°C Using 2-Current Calibration
No full textAccurate current sensing is critical in many industrial applications, such as battery management and motor control. Precise shunt-based current sensors have been reported with gain errors of less than 1% over the industrial temperature range (-40°C to 85°C) [1]–[4]. However, since they are intended for coulomb counting, their bandwidth is limited to a few tens of Hz, making them unsuitable for battery impedance or motor-current sensing. This paper presents a current sensor with a wide (10kHz) bandwidth and a tunable temperature compensation scheme (TCS), which allows it to be flexibly used with different types of shunts while maintaining high accuracy. A low-cost room-temperature calibration scheme is proposed to optimize gain flatness over temperature by exploiting the shunt's self-heating at large currents. Over the industrial temperature range and a ±25A current range, it achieves state-of-the-art gain error (±0.25%) with both low-cost PCB and stable metal-alloy shunts.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
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