1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The effects of sow grouping practices on production and mixing aggression
No full textAs the Canadian swine industry transitions gestation housing from stalls to groups, it is important to understand the impact of different grouping practices on sow productivity and welfare. When sows are housed in groups, a social hierarchy is established through aggressive behaviour which can negatively impact production. Many producers are implementing dynamic groups and early mixing using precision feeding; however, there is potential for greater aggression and the consequences of this practice are not fully known.
This study compared the effects of three grouping treatments in gestation on sow productivity and aggression. Treatments included: Control (Con): sows housed in stalls for 35 days after insemination, then moved to static groups; Static (Sta): sows mixed into static groups 1-8 days after insemination; and Dynamic (Dyn): sows mixed into dynamic groups 1-8 days after insemination with monthly mixing (8-10 sows removed and replaced). Mixed parity sows and gilts were housed in groups of 25 per pen in three replicates per treatment. Body weight, body condition score and backfat thickness were recorded once at breeding and again when sows were moved to farrowing. Farrowing rate, litter characteristics and piglet birthweights were recorded. On the day of mixing, sow behaviour was video recorded for measurement of reciprocal and one-sided aggression. Skin lesions and lameness were scored before and after mixing, at ~day 63 of gestation, ~day 91 of gestation, and on the day of moving to farrowing. Hair samples were collected at 7- and 12-weeks post-insemination for cortisol analysis. Statistical analysis was performed in SAS 9.4 using mixed effects models and Chi-square analysis.
Grouping practice did not have a significant effect on change in body weight, backfat thickness or body condition during gestation. Farrowing rates for Con, Dyn and Sta treatments were 81%, 88% and 62%, respectively (Chi sq p<0.001). There were no significant treatment differences for litter characteristics. At mixing, Sta sows had a higher frequency of reciprocal fighting in the first half hour (Chi sq p<0.001), than did Con or Dyn sows. However, during the 24 hrs following mixing, sows in the Con treatment received more lesions in total than did Sta or Dyn sows (means ±SEM: Con: 11.71 ±0.46; Dyn: 8.69 ±0.40; Sta: 9.09 ±0.41, p<0.01)). Lesion scores decreased significantly over time in all groups. Throughout gestation, Dyn sows had higher lesions overall and a higher incidence of lameness than either Con or Sta sows (p<0.001 and p=0.046, respectively). Although treatment had no effect on hair cortisol concentrations, parity group had a significant effect on concentrations at both timepoints with young sows having the highest concentration and mid parity sows the lowest (p=0.04, p<0.01, respectively).
In conclusion, Con and Sta sows appeared to be more aggressive at mixing while aggression in Dynamic groups appeared to be moderated due to the smaller number of unfamiliar sows introduced at each mixing event. Dyn sows had more lesions and increased lameness overall during gestation suggesting increased chronic aggression for dynamic sows, although the results were not severe enough to impact farrowing rate or litter quality. In conclusion, dynamic mixing may serve as a viable housing alternative for pork producers provided that the management strategies are implemented to mitigate the effects of ongoing aggression
The effects of sow grouping practices on production and mixing aggression
No full textAs the Canadian swine industry transitions gestation housing from stalls to groups, it is important to understand the impact of different grouping practices on sow productivity and welfare. When sows are housed in groups, a social hierarchy is established through aggressive behaviour which can negatively impact production. Many producers are implementing dynamic groups and early mixing using precision feeding; however, there is potential for greater aggression and the consequences of this practice are not fully known.
This study compared the effects of three grouping treatments in gestation on sow productivity and aggression. Treatments included: Control (Con): sows housed in stalls for 35 days after insemination, then moved to static groups; Static (Sta): sows mixed into static groups 1-8 days after insemination; and Dynamic (Dyn): sows mixed into dynamic groups 1-8 days after insemination with monthly mixing (8-10 sows removed and replaced). Mixed parity sows and gilts were housed in groups of 25 per pen in three replicates per treatment. Body weight, body condition score and backfat thickness were recorded once at breeding and again when sows were moved to farrowing. Farrowing rate, litter characteristics and piglet birthweights were recorded. On the day of mixing, sow behaviour was video recorded for measurement of reciprocal and one-sided aggression. Skin lesions and lameness were scored before and after mixing, at ~day 63 of gestation, ~day 91 of gestation, and on the day of moving to farrowing. Hair samples were collected at 7- and 12-weeks post-insemination for cortisol analysis. Statistical analysis was performed in SAS 9.4 using mixed effects models and Chi-square analysis.
Grouping practice did not have a significant effect on change in body weight, backfat thickness or body condition during gestation. Farrowing rates for Con, Dyn and Sta treatments were 81%, 88% and 62%, respectively (Chi sq p<0.001). There were no significant treatment differences for litter characteristics. At mixing, Sta sows had a higher frequency of reciprocal fighting in the first half hour (Chi sq p<0.001), than did Con or Dyn sows. However, during the 24 hrs following mixing, sows in the Con treatment received more lesions in total than did Sta or Dyn sows (means ±SEM: Con: 11.71 ±0.46; Dyn: 8.69 ±0.40; Sta: 9.09 ±0.41, p<0.01)). Lesion scores decreased significantly over time in all groups. Throughout gestation, Dyn sows had higher lesions overall and a higher incidence of lameness than either Con or Sta sows (p<0.001 and p=0.046, respectively). Although treatment had no effect on hair cortisol concentrations, parity group had a significant effect on concentrations at both timepoints with young sows having the highest concentration and mid parity sows the lowest (p=0.04, p<0.01, respectively).
In conclusion, Con and Sta sows appeared to be more aggressive at mixing while aggression in Dynamic groups appeared to be moderated due to the smaller number of unfamiliar sows introduced at each mixing event. Dyn sows had more lesions and increased lameness overall during gestation suggesting increased chronic aggression for dynamic sows, although the results were not severe enough to impact farrowing rate or litter quality. In conclusion, dynamic mixing may serve as a viable housing alternative for pork producers provided that the management strategies are implemented to mitigate the effects of ongoing aggression
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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