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Effectiveness of Adolescent Family Life Education (AFLE) Program on Adolescent Girls’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in a Rural Community of Vellore District, Tamilnadu, South India
Get PDFThe study was conducted for a period of one year from September, 2006 to August, 2007 in a rural community adopted by the Christian Medical College, Vellore served by the College of Nursing Community Health Program (CONCH). The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of Adolescent Family Life Education (AFLE) program on adolescent girls’ knowledge, attitude and practice. Conceptual framework of this study was adopted from Health Promotion Model by Pender, Murgaugh and Parsons (2002).
The first objective of the study was to develop an instrument to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of rural adolescent girls about selected aspects of family life. The instrument was developed by the investigator from the literature review as well as by conducting six focus group interviews in one of the CONCH program villages. The developed instrument was translated from English to Tamil and was back translated by two different experts. Content validity of the
instrument was determined by getting the opinion from ten experts. The Content Validity Index (CVI) of the instrument was 0.89. The reliability of the translated Tamil version of the instrument was found to be 0.89 which indicated high inter item reliability. The intervention used was the AFLE program which was developed by the investigator. The CVI of the AFLE program was 0.93. The pretest and the AFLE program were conducted by the investigator. In order to
avoid the observer bias, the posttest was conducted by an evaluator trained by the investigator. The interrater reliability was found to be 0.93. A pilot study was conducted to assess the feasibility of the study and necessary modifications were made.
Rural unmarried adolescent girls in the age group of 13-19 years were included in this experimental study. The CONCH villages were matched and made into pairs based on specific characteristics such as geographical location in terms of roadside or interior villages, total population, adolescent population of the villages, and educational, recreational, health and communication facilities available within the villages. From among 16 villages, 8 villages had all the above characteristics and they were clubbed into four pairs. The four pairs of villages were then grouped into two, four villages in each group. The two groups of villages were allocated randomly into experimental and control group by lot method.
From this sample frame of control and experimental group subjects, 150 adolescent girls were allocated as study subjects in the control group and another 150 girls in the experimental group using systematic random sampling method. One girl in the experimental group got married during the study period and she was excluded from the study and so in the experimental group there were only 149 subjects. The pretest was conducted by the investigator to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of adolescent girls about family life using a structured interview schedule both in the control and experimental group. The Adolescent Family Life education Program (AFLE) was conducted the experimental group subjects by the investigator. After a gap of two months, posttest was done for both control and experimental group by an evaluator trained by the investigator.
The collected data were arranged and analysed using the SPSS-PC Computer program (11 version). Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation were used to describe the demographic, socio-demographic and personal characteristics of the study subjects and their parents. Chi square was used to find the equivalency of characteristics of adolescent girls and their parents in both the groups. The paired ‘t’ test was used to find the difference in mean scores during pretest and posttest within the control and within the experimental group. The independent ‘t’ test was used to find the difference in mean scores during pretest and posttest between control and experimental group. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to find the relationship between knowledge, attitude and practice of adolescent girls about family life. Chi square was used to determine the association between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, attitude and practice and the selected socio-demographic and personal characteristics of adolescent girls as well as the socio-demographic characteristics of their parents.
CONCLUSION: The present study had shown that the Adolescent Family Life Education program was effective in terms of increasing the knowledge, attitude and practice of rural adolescent girls about family life and thereby promote the health of adolescent girls. Basic information on family life is important for adolescents. The findings of the study were consistent with the literature and have strong support from studies conducted throughout the world. However South Indian studies were found to be scarce in the literature especially the studies done in rural areas. AFLE may be the only place where adolescents can learn accurate information about family life and can practice the skills necessary to maintain good sexual and reproductive health with a positive attitude. Healthy adolescents promote the health of women as they become mothers which in turn lead to a healthy new generation as they reproduce their children. There is a need for community health nurses to take active part in preparing the adolescent girls for family life. If the girls are prepared with adequate knowledge about family life, they will develop a positive attitude to cope with the pubertal changes which in turn helps them develop a healthy attitude towards family life. Thus the adolescents adopt safe and healthy sexual and reproductive practices during adolescence. The community health nurse have a pivotal role and they can make a difference in providing adolescent family life education and can make the adolescent health care services accessible and worthwhile for the adolescent population
Pattern of Stress, Coping Strategies and Suicidal Ideation among Adolescents in Southern India
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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