1,720,964 research outputs found
Comparison of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Susceptibility Testing Methods Against Oxa-48 Carrying <i>klebsiella </I>blood Stream Isolates
No full textVatansever, Cansel/0000-0003-3703-1882; Kapmaz, Mahir/0000-0002-4115-3914; Aydın, Mehtap/0000-0003-4044-9366; Ergonul, Onder/0000-0003-1935-9235; Keske, Şiran/0000-0003-3823-4454; can, fusun/0000-0001-9387-2526; Azap, Alpay/0000-0001-5035-055X; DOGAN, OZLEM/0000-0002-6505-4582; Tukenmez Tigen, Elif/0000-0003-2027-4116; Forde, Brian/0000-0002-2264-4785; Cinar, Gule/0000-0002-7635-8848; balkan, ilker inanc/0000-0002-8977-5931; Harris, Patrick/0000-0002-2895-0345; Bauer, Michelle/0000-0003-2259-5044Ceftazidime-avibactam exhibits good in vitro activity against carbapenem resistant Klebsiella carrying OXA-48-like enzymes. We tested two hundred unique carbapenem resistant Klebsiella blood stream isolates (71% with single OXA-48-like carbapenemases, including OXA-48, n = 62; OXA-232, n = 57; OXA-244, n = 17; OXA-181, n = 5) that were collected as part of a multicentre study against ceftazidime-avibactam using Etest (bioMerieux, Marcyl'Etoile, France), 10/4 mg disc (Thermo Fisher) and Sensititre Gram Negative EURGNCOL Plates (Lyophilized panels, Sensititre, Thermo Fisher) with the aim of comparing the performances of the Etest and disc to that of Sensititre. Ceftazidime-avibactam MIC50/90 was 2/> 16 mg/L for the entire collection and was 2/4 mg/L for single OXA-48-like producers. Categorical and essential agreements between the Etest and Sensititre were 100% and 97%, respectively. Categorical agreement between the disc and Sensititre was 100%. Etest and 10/4 mg discs are suitable alternatives to Sensititre for ceftazidime-avibactam sensitivity testing for OXA-48-like producers. (C) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Pfizer Global Medical Grants [56644459]; Advance Queensland Industry Research Fellowship from the Queens-land GovernmentFunding This work was supported by Pfizer Global Medical Grants (grant number 56644459) . Dr Brian Forde?s research is supported by Advance Queensland Industry Research Fellowship from the Queens-land Government
Higher Rates of Cefiderocol Resistance Among Ndm Producing <i>klebsiella</I> Bloodstream Isolates Applying Eucast Over Clsi Breakpoints
Full text linkVatansever, Cansel/0000-0003-3703-1882; Aydın, Mehtap/0000-0003-4044-9366; Azap, Alpay/0000-0001-5035-055X; Kurt Azap, Özlem/0000-0002-3171-8926; balkan, ilker inanc/0000-0002-8977-5931; Keske, Şiran/0000-0003-3823-4454; Harris, Patrick/0000-0002-2895-0345; Kapmaz, Mahir/0000-0002-4115-3914; Ergonul, Onder/0000-0003-1935-9235BackgroundCefiderocol is generally active against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella spp. (CRK) with higher MICs against metallo-beta-lactamase producers. There is a variation in cefiderocol interpretive criteria determined by EUCAST and CLSI. Our objective was to test CRK isolates against cefiderocol and compare cefiderocol susceptibilities using EUCAST and CLSI interpretive criteria.MethodsA unique collection (n = 254) of mainly OXA-48-like- or NDM-producing CRK bloodstream isolates were tested against cefiderocol with disc diffusion (Mast Diagnostics, UK). Beta-lactam resistance genes and multilocus sequence types were identified using bioinformatics analyses on complete bacterial genomes.ResultsMedian cefiderocol inhibition zone diameter was 24 mm (interquartile range [IQR] 24-26 mm) for all isolates and 18 mm (IQR 15-21 mm) for NDM producers. We observed significant variability between cefiderocol susceptibilities using EUCAST and CLSI breakpoints, such that 26% and 2% of all isolates, and 81% and 12% of the NDM producers were resistant to cefiderocol using EUCAST and CLSI interpretive criteria, respectively.ConclusionsCefiderocol resistance rates among NDM producers are high using EUCAST criteria. Breakpoint variability may have significant implications on patient outcomes. Until more clinical outcome data are available, we suggest using EUCAST interpretive criteria for cefiderocol susceptibility testing.Pfizer Global Medical Grants [56644459]; Advance Queensland Industry Research Fellowship from the Queensland GovernmentThis work was supported by Pfizer Global Medical Grants [grant number 56644459]. Dr Brian Forde's research is supported by Advance Queensland Industry Research Fellowship from the Queensland Government
High Prevalence of Arma-16s Rrna Methyltransferase Among Aminoglycoside-Resistant <i>klebsiella Pneumoniae</I> Bloodstream Isolates
No full textTukenmez Tigen, Elif/0000-0003-2027-4116; DOGAN, OZLEM/0000-0002-6505-4582; Azap, Alpay/0000-0001-5035-055X; Keske, Şiran/0000-0003-3823-4454; Vatansever, Cansel/0000-0003-3703-1882; Kapmaz, Mahir/0000-0002-4115-3914; Harris, Patrick/0000-0002-2895-0345; Isler, Burcu/0000-0003-1362-2434; Ergonul, Onder/0000-0003-1935-9235Introduction. Aminoglycosides are used for the treatment of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPK) infections. 16S rRNA methyltransferases (RMTs) confer resistance to all aminoglycosides and are often cocarried with NDM. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. There is a dart of studies looking at the aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms for invasive CPK isolates, particularly in OXA-48 endemic settings. Aim. We aimed to determine the prevalence of RMTs and their association with beta lactamases and MLSTs amongst aminoglycoside-resistant CPK bloodstream isolates in an OXA-48 endemic setting. Methodology. CPK isolates (n=181), collected as part of a multicentre cohort study, were tested for amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin susceptibility using custom-made sensititre plates (GN2XF, Thermo Fisher Scientific). All isolates were previously subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Carbapenemases, RMTs, MLSTs and plasmid incompatibility groups were detected on the assembled genomes. Results. Of the 181 isolates, 109(60 %) were resistant to all three aminoglycosides, and 96 of 109(88 %) aminoglycoside-resistant isolates carried an RMT (85 ArmA, 10 RmtC, 4 RmtF1; three isolates cocarried ArmA and RmtC). Main clonal types associated with ArmA were ST2096 (49/85, 58%) and ST14 (24/85, 28 %), harbouring mainly OXA-232 and OXA-48 +NDM, respectively. RmtC was cocarried with NDM (5/10) on ST395, and NDM +OXA-48 or NDM +KPC (4/10) on ST14, ST15 and ST16. All RMT producers also carried CTX-M- 15, and the majority cocarried SHV-106, TEM-150 and multiple other antibiotic resistance genes. The majority of the isolates harboured a combination of IncFIB, IncH and IncL/M type plasmids. Non-NDM producing isolates remained susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam. Conclusion. Aminoglycoside resistance amongst CPK bloodstream isolates is extremely common and mainly driven by clonal spread of ArmA carried on ST2096 and ST14, associated with OXA-232 and OXA48 +NDM carriage, respectively.Pfizer Global Medical Grants [56644459]; Advance Queensland Industry Research Fellowship from the Queensland GovernmentThis work was supported by Pfizer Global Medical Grants (grant number 56644459). Dr Brian Forde's research is supported by Advance Queensland Industry Research Fellowship from the Queensland Government
Attitudes of pre-school teachers regarding performance evaluation
No full textÇalışmanın amacı, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin performans değerlendirmeyle ilgili tutumlarını saptamaktadır. Çalışma, 2017-2018 eğitimöğretim yılı güz döneminde Tekirdağ ilçelerinde görev yapan 175 okul öncesi öğretmeni ile yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Vatansever&Ergin (2017) tarafından hazırlanan ve geçerlik-güvenirlik istatistikleri yayınlanan “Performans Değerlendirmeyle İlgili Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. 4'lü derecelemeli 44 maddeden ve toplamda 3 faktörden oluşan ölçeğin boyutları şunlardır; Genel Performans Değerlendirme, Eğitimde Performans Değerlendirme, Performans Değerlendirme Uygulamasındaki Fiili Durum. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, yüzde ve frekans gibi betimsel istatistikler yanında bağımlı değişkenin bağımsız değişkenlerle etkileşimi analiz edilirken ise t testi, varyans analizi, LSD istatistik teknikler kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadaki bulgulara göre şu sonuçlar elde edilmiştir: 1) Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin performans değerlendirme ile ilgili tutumları, eğitim durumuna, müdürünün dersini yıl boyunca gözlem sıklığı, müdürü ile aynı branş olup-olmadığı, müdürünün kaç yıldır okul yöneticiliği pozisyonunda görev yaptığı, görev yeri, okulda bulunan öğretmen sayısı değişkenlerine göre farklılaşmıştır. 2) Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin performans değerlendirme ile ilgili tutumları, yaş, cinsiyet, mesleki hizmet süresi, daha önceden müdür–müdür yardımcısı olarak görev alıp-almama, müdürlerinin mezun olduğu son okul, müdürmüdür yardımcılığı yapanların eğitim yönetimi ile ilgili eğitim alıp-almama değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşmamaktadır. 3) Okul öncesi öğretmenleri performans değerlendirme sürecinde okul müdürü ve kendisinin bulunmasını istiyorken müfettiş, veli, öğrenci, okul memuru ve hizmetliyi istememektedirThe purpose of this study is to determine the attitudes of pre-school teachers regarding performance evaluation. The study was conducted with 175 pre-school teachers who worked at the central district and other districts of Tekirdag during the fall tem of the 2017-2018 education-teaching year. The “Scale for Attitude on Performance Evaluation” that was prepared and the validityreliability statistics of which were published by Vatansever&Ergin (2017) was used as the data collection tool. The dimensions of the scale, which is composed of 44 items with gradations of 4 and 3 factors in total, are; General Performance Evaluation, Performance Evaluation in Education, Actual State in the Application of Performance Evaluation. During data analysis, t test, variance analysis, LSD statistical techniques were used in analyzing the interaction of the dependent variable with the independent variables, as well as descriptive statistics such as arithmetic average, standard deviation, percentage and frequency. The following conclusions were reached as based on the research findings: 1) The attitudes of pre-school teachers regarding performance evaluation differ as based on the variables of education status, the frequency that the principal observes the taught course during the year, whether the teacher is from the same branch as the principal or not, for how many years the principal has worked at a school administrator position, the place of assignment and number of teachers in the school. 2) The attitudes of pre-school teachers regarding performance evaluation do not differ significantly as based on the variables of age, gender, term of professional service, having worked as principal / vice-principal previously of not, the last school that the principal has graduated from, whether those who are assigned as principal / vice-principal have received any training regarding education administration or not. 3) While the pre-school teachers want the principal and themselves to take part in the performance evaluation process, they do not want any inspectors, parents, students, school officers and attendants to be involved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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