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From the Mother Country: oral narratives of British emigration to the United States, 1860-1940
Get PDFThis study investigates the experience of British (English, Scottish and Welsh)
emigrants to the United States in the 1860-1940 period. It is based on the analysis of
two large corpora of oral histories, about 180 interviews in total, preserved in libraries
as well as archives and libraries’ special collections and manuscript departments
scattered throughout the United States. In particular, the thesis draws on the interviews
conducted by the Ellis Island Oral History Project researchers since the 1970s and the
“life histories” gathered by the Federal Writers’ Project fieldworkers during the New
Deal era. The critical examination of these sources makes it possible to shed new light
on an extended period of British emigration to the United States, including the decades
following 1900, which have largely been neglected by scholars so far. In fact, the FWP
life histories of British immigrants have never been tapped by scholars before, and the
same is true as regards the Ellis Island accounts, with the exception of the interviews
with Scottish immigrants.
The Introduction to the thesis presents the subject, scope, structure and objectives of
the work, also providing a brief overview of the historiography in the field; the first
chapter discusses both the reliability of oral histories as historical sources and their
peculiarities; the second chapter specifically deals with the Ellis Island and Federal
Writers’ Project interviews, on the fieldworkers’ research strategy and the interview
approach they adopted, providing an in-depth critical analysis of the strengths and limits
of the documents on which the dissertation’s conclusions are based. The following
chapters trace the experiences of men and women who left Great Britain for the U.S. by
dwelling upon the pre-emigration, emigration proper and post-emigration phases, and
identify common aspects in Britons’ migratory experience as well as differences due to
their age, gender and nationality.
The analysis of the post-emigration phase focuses on Britons’ economic conditions,
work activity and social mobility in America, as well as on cultural and identity issues.
In particular, the last two sections of the thesis put to the test the widespread notions of
British immigrants’ economic success and of their cultural “invisibility” in America. In
fact, the evidence offered by the Ellis Island and Federal Writers’ Project oral histories
challenge the image of Britons as successful immigrants who blended into American
society relatively quickly and easily
Lontane da casa. Donne italiane e diaspora globale dall’inizio del Novecento a oggi
No full textNel contesto del crescente interesse per le tematiche e la prospettiva di genere nell’esame dei movimenti di popolazione in ambito globale, il volume si propone di fornire un contributo allo sviluppo della storiografia sulle migrazioni femminili italiane attraverso undici casi studio basati su ricerche e fonti originali, preceduti da due ampie rassegne storiografiche. Partendo da conoscenze consolidate, questa raccolta di saggi apre nuove prospettive d’indagine, identificando elementi comuni ed esperienze peculiari delle vicende delle donne di origine o di ascendenza italiana nel mondo. L’approccio si configura come storicamente diacronico, con attenzione all’intero arco del Novecento fino agli anni più recenti. Da un lato, il libro approfondisce le conoscenze sui flussi verso i paesi europei, le Americhe e l’Australia; dall’altro, fornisce elementi sull’esodo diretto in regioni che le analisi precedenti hanno lasciato in ombra, come il Nord Africa francese negli anni tra le due guerre mondiali. Soprattutto, il volume declina in una dimensione specificamente femminile gli orientamenti e gli interessi più recenti della letteratura sulle migrazioni italiane quali il transnazionalismo, l’impegno politico (con particolare rilievo per la militanza antifascista), la nostalgia per la terra natale e il senso dell’appartenenza etnica nelle loro poliedriche e molteplici implicazioni
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Lontane da casa
No full textNel contesto del crescente interesse per le tematiche e la prospettiva di genere nell’esame dei movimenti di popolazione in ambito globale, il volume si propone di fornire un contributo allo sviluppo della storiografia sulle migrazioni femminili italiane attraverso undici casi studio basati su ricerche e fonti originali, preceduti da due ampie rassegne storiografiche. Partendo da conoscenze consolidate, questa raccolta di saggi apre nuove prospettive d’indagine, identificando elementi comuni ed esperienze peculiari delle vicende delle donne di origine o di ascendenza italiana nel mondo. L’approccio si configura come storicamente diacronico, con attenzione all’intero arco del Novecento fino agli anni più recenti. Da un lato, il libro approfondisce le conoscenze sui flussi verso i paesi europei, le Americhe e l’Australia; dall’altro, fornisce elementi sull’esodo diretto in regioni che le analisi precedenti hanno lasciato in ombra, come il Nord Africa francese negli anni tra le due guerre mondiali. Soprattutto, il volume declina in una dimensione specificamente femminile gli orientamenti e gli interessi più recenti della letteratura sulle migrazioni italiane quali il transnazionalismo, l’impegno politico (con particolare rilievo per la militanza antifascista), la nostalgia per la terra natale e il senso dell’appartenenza etni-ca nelle loro poliedriche e molteplici implicazioni
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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