1,720,972 research outputs found
Data and R code for replicating results of the paper: Functional generalism in plant-hummingbird interactions: causes and consequences from a plant perspective
No full textThe two datasets, data_for_analyses_FG and transectf_data_GF, are subsets derived from the following data paper: "Plant-hummingbird interactions, floral abundance, and floral traits for three altitudinal gradients in the Americas."
data_for_analyses_FG contains data on plant-hummingbird interactions and traits for both plants and hummingbirds involved in these interactions. The metadata provides a detailed description of all variables included in this dataset.
transect_data_FG includes the transect data required to quantify plant abundance in each transect. The metadata also includes specific variable names.The Processing data script.R contains all the code necessary to generate the datasets used in the analyses.The Analysis script.R includes the code required to replicate the results presented in the paper.Peer reviewe
Abundance and phenology drive plant–pollinator network responses to restoration in the Southern Atlantic rainforest in Brazil
No full textEcological restoration has been increasingly considering biotic interactions. Different restoration strategies usually rely on different composition and abundance of plants with potential impact on the establishment of plant–pollinator interactions. We evaluated the restoration of plant–pollinator interaction networks in young restoration areas in the South Atlantic rainforest, Brazil. We assessed the relative contribution of two restoration strategies (natural regeneration vs. reforestation), geographic distance, plant composition, pollinator composition, abundance of flowers and insects, and plant–pollinator temporal overlap, that is, phenological coupling, to predict the establishment of pairwise interactions. We expected that restoration strategies would indirectly affect the patterns (identity and frequency) of pairwise interactions due to their influence on the processes driving interactions. We sampled monthly pollinators and the plants they visited on six reforestation sites and six natural regeneration sites during 20 months. We surveyed flower abundance in summer. We analyzed the relative contribution of each factor to predict the identity and frequency of pairwise interactions using structural equation modeling. Contrary to expectations, the restoration strategy did not predict interactions, probably because the sites under restoration were surrounded by natural and conserved landscapes. Since we found no effect of restoration strategies on plant composition, abundance, and phenological coupling, the restoration strategy did not predict interactions. Phenological coupling explained more than half of the interaction patterns, representing the best predictor of interactions followed by abundance and plant composition. Therefore, these predictors should be considered to select plant species in restoration projects that encompass interactions and pollination services.Fil: de Souza, Jana M. T.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Vazquez, Diego P.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; ArgentinaFil: Varassin, Isabela G.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; Brasi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Functional generalism in plant–hummingbird interactions: Causes and consequences from a plant perspective
No full textPlant species pollinated by animals differ in the pool of visitors they attract. Some attract functionally similar animals, while others engage with a broader set of functionally distinct visitors; we term this species-level variation functional generalism. Here, we explore the influence of plant traits and context-dependent factors on functional generalism, and the potential effects of this overlooked aspect of mutualistic interactions on species' reproductive outcomes.
We quantified functional generalism in 211 hummingbird-visited plant species across 32 sites in three regions of Costa Rica, Ecuador and Brazil. We related functional generalism to plant traits (corolla length, opening, curvature) and context-dependent factors, including the abundance and flowering duration of the focal plant species, as well as the functional diversity of co-flowering plant species and of hummingbird pools during its flowering period. Finally, we assessed how functional generalism influenced plant reproductive outcomes (visitation rate and proportion of nectar-robbing visits).
Species with long, narrow corollas had the highest functional generalism, attracting more functionally diverse hummingbirds. Functional generalism increased in functionally diverse plant communities, highlighting the influence of neighbours within the same trophic level. Abundant species with short flowering periods had greater functional generalism than less abundant, continuously flowering species. Functional generalism had a hump-shaped relationship with visitation rate, peaking at moderate levels but declining afterward. Moreover, the proportion of nectar-robbing visits increased with functional generalism.
These findings reveal the joint influence of plant traits and community context on functional generalism, which in turn affects plants' reproductive success.This project was funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement N. 787638) and by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant N. 173342) granted to C.H.G. We acknowledge funding from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq; grant 313801/2017-7 and 312580/2020-7 to I.G.V.). Open access publishing facilitated by ETH-Bereich Forschungsanstalten, as part of the Wiley - ETH-Bereich Forschungsanstalten agreement via the Consortium Of Swiss Academic Libraries.Peer reviewe
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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