102,043 research outputs found
Malattie Cardiovascolari, fattori di rischio e stili di vita
No full text«Statistiche sanitarie di alta qualità sono essenziali per progettare e sviluppare politiche
sanitarie in tutti i paesi. In particolare i dati sui fattori di rischio per le malattie degenerative sono cruciali per predire il futuro «carico di malattia» nelle popolazioni e per
identificare i possibili interventi per ridurlo». Con queste parole inizia «The SuRF Report
1» dell’Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità (OMS), un agile strumento multimediale,
pubblicato nel 2003, con lo scopo di presentare in forma omogenea dati recenti sulla
prevalenza dei fattori di rischio e delle malattie cronico-degenerative, rappresentativi a
livello nazionale, scelti in base ai seguenti criteri: contributo sostanziale alla mortalità
e morbosità delle malattie considerate, modificabilità in prevenzione primaria e facile
misurabilità nelle popolazioni.
Al Rapporto SuRF ha contribuito l’Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare (OEC),
iniziativa nata nel 1998 dalla collaborazione fra l’Area Prevenzione dell’Associazione
Nazionale Medici Cardiologi Ospedalieri (ANMCO) e l’Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS),
che ha permesso una sistematica e standardizzata raccolta di dati sui fattori di rischio
cardiovascolare e sullo stato del controllo di quelli modificabili, in circa 10.000 persone di età compresa fra 35 e 74 anni, estratti in modo casuale dalla popolazione generale, di 51 comuni italiani dislocati su tutto il territorio nazionale, per la cui descrizione
si rimanda al Rapporto Osservasalute 2003.
Le valutazioni trasversali dei fattori di rischio cardiovascolare, pur fondamentali, sono
solo il primo passo per valutare l’efficienza e l’efficacia delle politiche di prevenzione.
La disponibilità di dati standardizzati raccolti con la stessa procedura e metodologia in
tempi meno recenti permette di valutare in modo più appropriato quali sono stati i miglioramenti derivati dalle azioni di prevenzione primaria e secondaria nella popolazione generale.
L’unico studio di dimensioni nazionali con dati sufficientemente standardizzati che consentano almeno una comparazione scientifica dei principali fattori di rischio cardiovascolare, è lo studio RIFLE (RIsk Factors and Life Expectancy). Il RIFLE è un progetto che è riuscito a costruire una banca dati unica da 9 studi di popolazione condotti in
Italia tra il 1978 e il 1987, comprendenti 50 campioni demografici e due coorti occupazionali, di popolazioni residenti in 13 regioni, per un totale di circa 70.000 persone,
all’incirca metà uomini e metà donne, di età compresa tra 20 e 69 anni. Questi dati rappresentano le migliori informazioni disponibili sui fattori di rischio cardiovascolare in
relazione alla situazione italiana della prima metà degli anni ’80. Pertanto per l’inizio
degli anni ’80 e i primi anni 2000 abbiamo utilizzato i dati dei due progetti, RIFLE e
OEC, standardizzando allo stesso modo i dati RIFLE e quelli dell’Osservatorio
Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare Italiano
Theoretical study of the reaction O(3P) + 1,2-butadiene
No full textThe triplet and singlet potential energy surfaces of the O(3P) + 1,2-butadiene reaction have been investigated by electronic structure calculations at the coupled-cluster (CCSD(T)(aug-cc-pVTZ) level. We focused our attention, in particular, on the different sites of attack of atomic oxygen to 1, 2-butadiene. The results for minima, transition states and reaction channel energetics are compared with the results of previous CCSD(T)(aug-cc-pVTZ)-CBS and CASPT2 calculations to explore the adequacy of simpler computational schemes for discussing the reaction dynamics, in particular the product branching fractions derived from crossed molecular beam experiments
A computational characterization of the reaction mechanisms for the reactions N(2D) + CH3CN and HC3N and implications for the nitrogen-rich organic chemistry of Titan
No full textThe reactions of atomic nitrogen in its first electronically excited state, N(2D), with acetonitrile (CH3CN) and cyanoacetylene (HC3N) have been investigated by performing electronic structure calculations of the doublet potential energy surfaces and RRKM estimates of the product branching fractions. According to our results, the insertion of N(2D) into one of the sigma C-H bonds of acetonitrile leading to the formation of cyanomethanimine (also known as iminoacetonitrile) and the N(2D) addition to the C-C triple bond of cyanoacetylene leading to the formation of dicyanocarbene are the main reaction pathways under the conditions typical of the upper atmosphere of Titan, the massive moon of Saturn. Other molecular products originating from other reaction pathways only give a minor contribution. Implications for the atmospheric chemistry of Titan, as well as implications in prebiotic chemistry and in the chemistry of the interstellar medium, are also noted
Both vitamin B6 and total homocysteine plasma levels predict long-term atherothrombotic events in healthy subjects
No full textBibliographie Hilarion G. Petzold 1958 – 2009 mit Anhang als Einführung
No full textDieses Archiv enthält die Gesamtbibliographie der Werke des Autors nebst einiger Texte „Über H. G. Petzold“ im Schlussteil der Bibliographie sowie einen Anhang mit einer Einführung in die Architektur des Werkes in seinem wissenslogischen Aufbau als Ausarbeitung seines „Tree of Science Modells“ (2007).This archive contains the complete bibliography of the author and some texts about H. G. Petzold, moreover an epilogue with an introduction to the architecture of the works in its epistemological structure and composition and as an elaborations of Petzold’s „Tree of Science Modell (2007).https://www.fpi-publikation.de/polyloge/01-2009-petzold-h-g-gesamtbibliographie-h-g-petzold-1958-2009-updating-november2009/peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Mild to moderate chronic kidney disease and functional disability in community-dwelling older adults. The Cardiovascular risk profile in Renal patients of the Italian Health Examination Survey (CARHES) study
No full textObjectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) negatively impacts aging success. This study evaluates the association between CKD and functional disability, defined as limitations in performing mobility tasks, basic (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), in a population-based sample of older adults. In particular, we examined whether such a relationship extended to mild-moderate CKD stages (G1-G3ab). Methods: Data from the Cardiovascular risk profile in Renal patients of the Italian Health Examination Survey (CARHES) study were used.Prevalence of CKD was estimated by means of urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) and eGFR (CKD-EPI equation-enzymatic assay of serum creatinine). A validated questionnaire was used to assess functional limitations. Potentially confounding variables, e.g. socio-demographic features, lifestyles, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and prevalent CV diseases, were considered. Results: 1309 participants, age 71.4 ± 4.3 years, 53.8% men, were studied. 15.2% of participants were identified as having CKD. Of these, 11.5% were aware of the condition. Prevalence of CKD increased with age, and was similar between men and women. Mild-moderate CKD was found to be significantly associated with disability in mobility (OR = 1.05, 95%CI =1.01–1.09, p =.014) and ADLs/IADLs (OR = 1.06, 95%CI = 1.02–1.12, p =.011) after multiple simultaneous adjustment including socio-demographic variables, CV risk profile, ACR, cognitive impairment and self-rated health. Conclusions: Mild-moderate CKD independently associated with functional disability in a population-based sample of older adults. Evidence-based recommendations for disability prevention in CKD are needed
The database of Italian general practitioners allows a reliable determination of the prevalence of myocardial infarction
No full textBACKGROUND: To plan preventive intervention after myocardial infarction (MI) the disease prevalence and the age and time from acute event of the index population should be known. METHODS: We identified all the living patients with MI coded diagnosis in the database of the Italian College of General Practitioners (Health Search Database-HSD). The years from the first acute MI were also determined. RESULTS: 3588 subjects with MI diagnosis were identified (2698 males and 888 females, for 2 gender not recorded). Based on the distribution of our population and on that reported by the Italian Institute of Statistics, stratified by gender and age (segments of 10 years), the estimated number of subjects with MI in Italy (age-standardized rates x 10000) was 309284 for men and 102343 for women. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of MI diagnosis in the HSD is very close to that obtained by other epidemiological methods. Querying the database can provide a simple and inexpensive way to estimate and monitor the prevalence of MI in Italy
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