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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Drought stress in banana : assessment tools and underlying carbon dynamics
No full textDie Banane ist eine wichtige Nahrungs- und Geldpflanze auf der ganzen Welt, wird aber durch Trockenstress stark beeinträchtigt. Die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Pflanze gegenüber Trockenheit kann durch die Verwendung trockenheitsresistenter Sorten oder Anbaumethoden verbessert werden, doch ihre Bewertung wird durch einen Mangel an Instrumenten zur Bewertung von Trockenstress behindert. Daher war das erste Ziel dieser Doktorarbeit die Entwicklung von Bewertungsinstrumenten für Trockenstress bei Bananen. Außerdem ist Banane eine mehrjährige Pflanze, die sich durch die Bildung von Tochterpflanzen vermehrt. Die Tochterpflanzen sind photosynthetisch aktiv, bleiben aber mit der Mutterpflanze verbunden. Es ist nicht bekannt, inwieweit die Mutterpflanze die Tochterpflanze noch mit Photosynthaten versorgt. Das zweite Ziel der Forschung bestand daher darin, die Kohlenstoffflüsse in Bananenpflanzen zu verstehen und zu quantifizieren und die Auswirkungen von Trockenstress auf diese Flüsse zu untersuchen. In Feldexperimenten in Arusha, Tansania, haben wir das Potenzial von Blatttemperatur und stabilen Kohlenstoffisotopen als Indikatoren für Trockenstress untersucht. Wir fanden heraus, dass beide ein großes Potenzial für diesen Zweck haben, aber auch stark von der Umgebung (insbesondere Licht) abhängig sind. Darüber hinaus haben unsere Untersuchungen gezeigt, dass Bananen-Mutterpflanzen ihre Tochterpflanzen mit Photosynthaten versorgen, dass diese Menge jedoch unter Stress reduziert wird. Tochterpflanzen verändern auch die Verteilung des Kohlenstoffs in der Bananenpflanze und verschlimmern die Auswirkungen von Trockenstress durch eine Verringerung der Langzeitspeicherung. Weitere Forschung zu den kombinierten Auswirkungen von Trockenstress und Licht auf Pflanzenwachstum und -ertrag, Blatttemperatur und δ13C wird empfohlen. Unsere Erkenntnisse über die Kohlenstoffverteilung unter Trockenstress sollten bei der Entwicklung klimagerechter Lösungen für Bananen berücksichtigt werden.Banana (Musa sp.) is an important food and cash crop around the world, but is strongly affected by drought stress. Plant's resilience towards drought can be improved through the use of drought-resistant varieties or by implementing alternative cultivation methods, but their evaluation is hindered by a lack of drought stress evaluation tools. As such, the first objective of this doctoral research was to develop assessment tools for drought stress in banana. Furthermore, banana is a perennial plant that propagates through the formation of so-called daughter plants. Daughter plants are photosynthetically active, but remain connected to the mother plant. It is not known to what extent the mother plant still supplies the daughter plant with photosynthates (carbon). The second objective of the research was therefore to understand and quantify carbon fluxes in banana plants and the effect of drought stress on these fluxes. We evaluated the potential of leaf temperature and stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) as indicators for drought stress through field experiments in Arusha, Tanzania. We found that both have a lot of potential for this purpose, but were also strongly environment (particularly light) dependent. We developed banana-tailored methods for the determination of leaf temperature and δ13C in bulk leaf and phloem sap samples. Furthermore, our research showed that banana mother plants supply daughter plants with photosynthates, but that this amount is reduced under stress. Daughter plants also alter the allocation of carbon in the banana plant and worsen the effect of drought stress by reducing long-term storage and consequently, a decrease in long-term stress resilience. Further research towards the combined effects of drought stress and light on plant growth and yield, leaf temperature and δ13C is recommended. Our findings regarding carbon allocation under drought stress should be considered when developing long-term climate-smart solutions for banana.Mathilde VantyghemDissertation Universität für Bodenkultur Wien 2023Dissertation KU Leuven 2023Mit deutscher und niederländischer Zusammenfassun
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Drought stress in banana : assessment tools and underlying carbon dynamics
No full textDie Banane ist eine wichtige Nahrungs- und Geldpflanze auf der ganzen Welt, wird aber durch Trockenstress stark beeinträchtigt. Die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Pflanze gegenüber Trockenheit kann durch die Verwendung trockenheitsresistenter Sorten oder Anbaumethoden verbessert werden, doch ihre Bewertung wird durch einen Mangel an Instrumenten zur Bewertung von Trockenstress behindert. Daher war das erste Ziel dieser Doktorarbeit die Entwicklung von Bewertungsinstrumenten für Trockenstress bei Bananen. Außerdem ist Banane eine mehrjährige Pflanze, die sich durch die Bildung von Tochterpflanzen vermehrt. Die Tochterpflanzen sind photosynthetisch aktiv, bleiben aber mit der Mutterpflanze verbunden. Es ist nicht bekannt, inwieweit die Mutterpflanze die Tochterpflanze noch mit Photosynthaten versorgt. Das zweite Ziel der Forschung bestand daher darin, die Kohlenstoffflüsse in Bananenpflanzen zu verstehen und zu quantifizieren und die Auswirkungen von Trockenstress auf diese Flüsse zu untersuchen. In Feldexperimenten in Arusha, Tansania, haben wir das Potenzial von Blatttemperatur und stabilen Kohlenstoffisotopen als Indikatoren für Trockenstress untersucht. Wir fanden heraus, dass beide ein großes Potenzial für diesen Zweck haben, aber auch stark von der Umgebung (insbesondere Licht) abhängig sind. Darüber hinaus haben unsere Untersuchungen gezeigt, dass Bananen-Mutterpflanzen ihre Tochterpflanzen mit Photosynthaten versorgen, dass diese Menge jedoch unter Stress reduziert wird. Tochterpflanzen verändern auch die Verteilung des Kohlenstoffs in der Bananenpflanze und verschlimmern die Auswirkungen von Trockenstress durch eine Verringerung der Langzeitspeicherung. Weitere Forschung zu den kombinierten Auswirkungen von Trockenstress und Licht auf Pflanzenwachstum und -ertrag, Blatttemperatur und δ13C wird empfohlen. Unsere Erkenntnisse über die Kohlenstoffverteilung unter Trockenstress sollten bei der Entwicklung klimagerechter Lösungen für Bananen berücksichtigt werden.Banana (Musa sp.) is an important food and cash crop around the world, but is strongly affected by drought stress. Plant's resilience towards drought can be improved through the use of drought-resistant varieties or by implementing alternative cultivation methods, but their evaluation is hindered by a lack of drought stress evaluation tools. As such, the first objective of this doctoral research was to develop assessment tools for drought stress in banana. Furthermore, banana is a perennial plant that propagates through the formation of so-called daughter plants. Daughter plants are photosynthetically active, but remain connected to the mother plant. It is not known to what extent the mother plant still supplies the daughter plant with photosynthates (carbon). The second objective of the research was therefore to understand and quantify carbon fluxes in banana plants and the effect of drought stress on these fluxes. We evaluated the potential of leaf temperature and stable carbon isotopes (δ13C) as indicators for drought stress through field experiments in Arusha, Tanzania. We found that both have a lot of potential for this purpose, but were also strongly environment (particularly light) dependent. We developed banana-tailored methods for the determination of leaf temperature and δ13C in bulk leaf and phloem sap samples. Furthermore, our research showed that banana mother plants supply daughter plants with photosynthates, but that this amount is reduced under stress. Daughter plants also alter the allocation of carbon in the banana plant and worsen the effect of drought stress by reducing long-term storage and consequently, a decrease in long-term stress resilience. Further research towards the combined effects of drought stress and light on plant growth and yield, leaf temperature and δ13C is recommended. Our findings regarding carbon allocation under drought stress should be considered when developing long-term climate-smart solutions for banana.Mathilde VantyghemDissertation Universität für Bodenkultur Wien 2023Dissertation KU Leuven 2023Mit deutscher und niederländischer Zusammenfassun
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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