101,217 research outputs found
Viviani, Vanni; S/T
No full textAmpliación a color de 15.1 cm x 9.9 cm de la obra de Vanni Viviani.Unidad Documental Simple1 foto
Viviani, Vanni; S/T
No full textAmpliación a color de 15.1 cm x 9.9 cm de la obra de Vanni Viviani.Unidad Documental Simple1 foto
Cellule staminali nell'ascidia coloniale Botryllus schlosseri: caratterizzazione di nicchie, fattori di staminalità e dinamiche di differenziamento.
No full textBotryllus schlosseri is a cosmopolitan colonial ascidian pertaining to tunicates, the sister group of vertebrates. It can regenerate entire organisms from a pool of circulating cells when all zooids are removed from a colony. Moreover, it possesses asexual reproduction, in which new individuals continuously develop, while old individuals are resorbed. The close relationship with vertebrates, the constant replacement of old individuals by newly formed zooid generations, together with the high regenerative abilities characterizing this species, make this organism a captivating model for the study of stemness that is the focus of my PhD project.
During my PhD, I submitted two book chapters. A first one concerns the methodologies used to study regeneration in colonial and solitary ascidians, since the end of the 19th century until nowadays (Methodological approaches for the study of regeneration in ascidians: an historical overview. Vanni V, Ballarin L, Gasparini F, Peronato A, Manni L (2022). Whole-Body Regeneration: Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, Springer). The long history of studies in ascidians highlights how these organisms are easy to maintain in laboratory conditions, manipulate and follow in vivo. Indeed, the methodologies to induce the regeneration processes have not changed so much, as they are simple, low cost, and effective. However, even if many molecular and cellular tools are still missing for studying these organisms, by applying modern techniques, it has been possible, in recent years, to uncover some features characterizing ascidian stem cells. This is the subject of the second book chapter (Current Knowledge on Stem Cells in Ascidians. Vanni V, Anselmi C, Ballarin L, Drago L, Gasparini F, Gordon T, Peronato A, Rosental B, Rosner A, Rinkevich B, Spagnuolo A, Manni L, Voskoboynik A (2022). Advances in aquatic invertebrate stem cell research, MDPI).
Moreover, I followed three different lines to better characterize stemness in B. schlosseri, which are included in different articles.
In a paper in collaboration with Prof. Carmela Gissi (Università di Bari, IT), currently under revision, we verified a possible common expression pattern between vertebrate embryonic stem cells and adult candidate stem cells of B. schlosseri. We carefully retrieved the orthologous in B. schlosseri Yamanaka Factors (Myc, Pou2, Pou3 and SoxB1), and studied, through in situ hybridization, the expression of these genes during all the phases of the asexual cycle of this colonial ascidian. Our results highlight a conserved expression pattern of myc, pou3 and soxB1 in undifferentiated, developing territories, consistently with the expression pattern observed in other chordate species. Moreover, the genes are expressed in small round cells (candidate stem cells) located in the stem cell niches identified until now in B. schlosseri, suggesting that they may play a role in stemness.
In another paper (in preparation), we characterized the stem cell niches identified until now in B. schlosseri, by 3D reconstruction and histology, showing for the first time their cell structure and anatomy. We then investigated the contribution of candidate stem cells to the development of primary and secondary buds, confirming their infiltration in previously hypothesized sites, but also demonstrating that they can contribute to the development of organs and tissues previously not individuated.
Finally, a last paper (in preparation in collaboration with Prof. Jordi Solana, Oxford Brookes University, UK), regards the single cell transcriptomics of B. schlosseri: we successfully produced an atlas of 37 clustered cell populations, validated through published datasets and expressing markers for specific tissues. This atlas will be the basis for future analysis on stemness and differentiation in this organism.
Altogether, with the results obtained during my PhD, we advanced the knowledge on stem cells of B. schlosseri.Botryllus schlosseri is a cosmopolitan colonial ascidian pertaining to tunicates, the sister group of vertebrates. It can regenerate entire organisms from a pool of circulating cells when all zooids are removed from a colony. Moreover, it possesses asexual reproduction, in which new individuals continuously develop, while old individuals are resorbed. The close relationship with vertebrates, the constant replacement of old individuals by newly formed zooid generations, together with the high regenerative abilities characterizing this species, make this organism a captivating model for the study of stemness that is the focus of my PhD project.
During my PhD, I submitted two book chapters. A first one concerns the methodologies used to study regeneration in colonial and solitary ascidians, since the end of the 19th century until nowadays (Methodological approaches for the study of regeneration in ascidians: an historical overview. Vanni V, Ballarin L, Gasparini F, Peronato A, Manni L (2022). Whole-Body Regeneration: Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology, Springer). The long history of studies in ascidians highlights how these organisms are easy to maintain in laboratory conditions, manipulate and follow in vivo. Indeed, the methodologies to induce the regeneration processes have not changed so much, as they are simple, low cost, and effective. However, even if many molecular and cellular tools are still missing for studying these organisms, by applying modern techniques, it has been possible, in recent years, to uncover some features characterizing ascidian stem cells. This is the subject of the second book chapter (Current Knowledge on Stem Cells in Ascidians. Vanni V, Anselmi C, Ballarin L, Drago L, Gasparini F, Gordon T, Peronato A, Rosental B, Rosner A, Rinkevich B, Spagnuolo A, Manni L, Voskoboynik A (2022). Advances in aquatic invertebrate stem cell research, MDPI).
Moreover, I followed three different lines to better characterize stemness in B. schlosseri, which are included in different articles.
In a paper in collaboration with Prof. Carmela Gissi (Università di Bari, IT), currently under revision, we verified a possible common expression pattern between vertebrate embryonic stem cells and adult candidate stem cells of B. schlosseri. We carefully retrieved the orthologous in B. schlosseri Yamanaka Factors (Myc, Pou2, Pou3 and SoxB1), and studied, through in situ hybridization, the expression of these genes during all the phases of the asexual cycle of this colonial ascidian. Our results highlight a conserved expression pattern of myc, pou3 and soxB1 in undifferentiated, developing territories, consistently with the expression pattern observed in other chordate species. Moreover, the genes are expressed in small round cells (candidate stem cells) located in the stem cell niches identified until now in B. schlosseri, suggesting that they may play a role in stemness.
In another paper (in preparation), we characterized the stem cell niches identified until now in B. schlosseri, by 3D reconstruction and histology, showing for the first time their cell structure and anatomy. We then investigated the contribution of candidate stem cells to the development of primary and secondary buds, confirming their infiltration in previously hypothesized sites, but also demonstrating that they can contribute to the development of organs and tissues previously not individuated.
Finally, a last paper (in preparation in collaboration with Prof. Jordi Solana, Oxford Brookes University, UK), regards the single cell transcriptomics of B. schlosseri: we successfully produced an atlas of 37 clustered cell populations, validated through published datasets and expressing markers for specific tissues. This atlas will be the basis for future analysis on stemness and differentiation in this organism.
Altogether, with the results obtained during my PhD, we advanced the knowledge on stem cells of B. schlosseri
William T. Vollmann letto dall’Italia
No full textPer testimoniare la diffusione e la fortuna di Vollmann in Italia, Massimo Bocchiola, traduttore di Fathers and Crows(1992; Venga il tuo regno, 2011), Luca Briasco, editor di Minimum Fax, Claudia Durastanti, scrittrice, e Vanni Santoni, scrittore ed editor, intervengono con un loro personale contributo da lettori di Vollmann.In order to discuss Vollmann’s reception in Italy, Massimo Bocchiola, translator of Fathers and Crows (1992; Venga il tuo regno, 2011), Luca Briasco, editor at Minimum Fax, Claudia Durastanti, writer, and Vanni Santoni, writer and editor, participate with their personal point of view as Vollmann’s readers
Craniofacial and occlusal features of individuals with Turner Syndrome: A cephalometric study
No full text: Craniofacial features of 18 individuals with Turner Syndrome (TS) were compared with age and gender matched healthy individuals. Dental history, panoramic radiograph, dental casts and cephalometric measurements were assessed. The dental casts analysis showed a significantly higher PH/PW ratio in individuals with TS under GH therapy compared to healthy individuals (p=0.004; paired t-test). This data objectively supported the definition of a high-narrow palate. The ANB angle and the Wits index were similar in the two group, showing a skeletal class I malocclusion. The vertical characteristics did not differ between the two groups, showing a mesofacial growth pattern. Our results showed similar cephalometric characteristics in individuals with TS treated with GH and healthy controls
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
The true identity of Stylosanthes seabrana B.L. Maass & L. ’t Mannetje (Leguminosae Papilionoideae)
No full textSamples of the legume, Stylosanthes seabrana B.L. Maass & L. ’t Mannetje, were collected in Bahia, Brazil and have been described taxonomically. They have been compared with S. scabra Vogel and S. hamata Taubert. Fruits and plants of S. seabrana cv. Unica was studied, the seed were germinated and root samples were studied used for chromosome counts. All herbarium specimens examined corresponded with S. scabra Vogel. Root studies of S. seabrana cv. Unica indicated that both diploid and tetraploid cytotypes of S. scabra were present, and we conclude that it is a synonym of S. scabra Vogel.Fil: Vanni, Ricardo Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (i); ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Aveliano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (i); Argentin
D&T
No full textLa mostra-convegno Design&Territori è un progetto sviluppato a Palermo, Capitale Italiana della Cultura 2018, che intende documentare gli attuali sviluppi del rapporto tra Università, aziende e cultura progettuale. Vengono quindi presentati progetti elaborati all’interno delle Università in collaborazione con le aziende che intendono metterli in produzione per il mercato reale. La ricerca universitaria e la formazione in design si caratterizzano sempre più per una costante collaborazione e integrazione. Quest’approccio permette un utile scambio di visioni e d’informazioni tra docenti, ricercatori e studenti, rendendo allo stesso tempo i corsi di studi aggiornati e focalizzati sulla realtà e sulle sfide del futuro
Cytogenetic and molecular events in adenoma and well-differentiated thyroid follicular-cell neoplasia
No full textIn spite of its simple organization, the thyroid gland can give rise to a wide spectrum of neoplasms, ranging from innocuous to highly malignant lesions. Approximately 94% of the malignancies is represented by well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma originating from follicular cells. These neoplasms are divided into two main categories, papillary thyroid carcinoma and follicular thyroid carcinoma. Despite their origin from the same type of cells, the two neoplasias show different biological behavior and a different set of genetic features, including specific cytogenetic patterns. Thyroid adenoma is the benign counterpart of follicular carcinoma. No benign counterpart of papillary carcinoma has yet been identified. The chromosomes of thyroid nodules have been investigated since 1965, and different cytogenetic subgroups have been recognized, some of which show structural chromosomal rearrangements. These structural changes lead to the formation of fusion genes RET-PTC, TRK(-T), and BRAF-AKAP9, which originate as a result of intrachromosomal or interchromosomal rearrangements and are found in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Fusion genes involving PPARγ are caused mainly by translocations and are characteristic of follicular neoplastic tissue. Radiation exposure and the particular architectural arrangement of chromatin regions in which the affected genes lie during interphase are thought to favor the formation of fusion genes in papillary thyroid carcinoma and possibly also in follicular thyroid carcinoma
Toward Chemically Resolved Computer Simulations of Dynamics and Remodeling of Biological Membranes
No full textCellular membranes are fundamental constituents of living organisms. Apart from defining the boundaries of the cells, they are involved in a wide range of biological functions, associated with both their structural and the dynamical properties. Biomembranes can undergo large-scale transformations when subject to specific environmental changes, including gel-liquid phase transitions, change of aggregation structure, formation of microtubules, or rupture into vesicles. All of these processes are dependent on a delicate interplay between intermolecular forces, molecular crowding, and entropy, and their understanding requires approaches that are able to capture and rationalize the details of all of the involved interactions. Molecular dynamics-based computational models at atom-level resolution are, in principle, the best way to perform such investigations. Unfortunately, the relevant spatial and time dimensionalities involved in membrane remodeling phenomena would require computational costs that are today unaffordable on a routinely basis. Such hurdles can be removed by coarse-graining the representations of the individual molecular components of the systems. This procedure anyway reduces the possibility of describing the chemical variations in the lipid mixtures composing biological membranes. New hybrid particle field multiscale approaches offer today a promising alternative to the more traditional particle-based simulations methods. By combining chemically distinguishable molecular representations with mesoscale-based computationally affordable potentials, they appear as one of the most promising ways to keep an accurate description of the chemical complexity of biological membranes and, at the same time, cover the required scales to describe remodeling events
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