1,721,008 research outputs found
Dataset associated with Schyns & Vanham (2019) "The water footprint of wood for energy consumed in the European Union"
No full text<p>Input and output datasets related to the paper Schyns & Vanham (2019) The water footprint of wood for energy consumed in the European Union. <em>Water</em>, 11(2): 206.</p>
The water footprint of the EU: quantification, sustainability and relevance
No full textThis presentation was delivered on behalf of the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC) at the conference Virtual Water in Agricultural Products: Quantification, Limitations and Trade Policy at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, Nebraska, USA, 14–16 September 2016, sponsored by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (OECD) Co-operative Research Programme. It provides an overview of the quantification, sustainability and relevance of the water footprint (WF) concept, for the case study of the European Union (EU), with a focus on agricultural products. The WF concept provides the opportunity to link the use of water resources to the consumption of goods, thereby addressing supply chain thinking and showing options to remain within planetary boundaries from the perspective of consumers and companies. It provides a strong communication tool for policy-makers and citizens.
The presentation is organized by means of the following sections:
Water footprint (WF) assessment.
Sustainability assessment.
One indicator to be used with others.
Relevant scenarios.
Conclusions.JRC.D.2 - Water and Marine Resource
Wasserfußabdruck in Österreich – das Konzept des virtuellen Wassers
No full textNach dem Konzept des Wasserfußabdrucks nützen ÖsterreicherInnen ein Vielfaches mehr an Wasser als die ca. 120 Liter pro Person und Tag (LKT) die üblicherweise als Haushaltsverbrauch angesehen werden. Für landwirtschaftliche Produkte werden 3655 Liter und für industrielle Produkte nochmals 608 Liter indirekt genutzt. Von dieser Gesamtmenge beziehen sich 32% auf heimischen Wasserverbrauch (interner Wasserfußabdruck) und 68% auf Wasserverbrauch im Ausland (externer Wasserfußabdruck). Österreich ist Netto-Importeur virtuellen Wassers, weil der produktionsbezogene Wasserfußabdruck (WFprod, 2216 LKT) – oder die Nutzung heimischer Wasservorkommen – niedriger ist als der konsumbezogene Wasserfußabdruck (WFcons, 4377 LKT). Die Vorstellung, dass Österreich – ein wasserreiches Land - ausschließlich Wasser an andere Regionen liefert, ist deswegen ein Irrtum. Der Wasserimport wird vor allem durch Kulturpflanzen, über Produkte wie Baumwolle, Sojamehl, Kaffee und Kakao verursacht. Positiv ist hervorzuheben, dass der Grad der Selbstversorgung in Österreich sehr hoch ist und dass die landwirtschaftliche Produktion in Österreich sehr wassereffizient ist. In der Präsentation wird ebenfalls gezeigt, wie verschiedene Diäten Einfluss auf den WFcons haben; weiters werden Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, um zu einem nachhaltigen WF zu kommen sowie die Starken und Schwächen des Konzeptes beleuchtet. Ebenfalls wird der europäische Kontext gezeigt.JRC.H.1 - Water Resource
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The water footprint of Austria: Why a healthy diet will be more sustainable
No full textWithin this paper, the water footprint of consumption (WFcons) of Austria for different diets is analysed: the current diet (period 1996-2005, REF), a healthy diet (DGE) and a vegetarian (VEG) diet. The consumption of agricultural products is responsible for a very large fraction of the WFcons. Especially the consumption of livestock products (meat, dairy products and eggs) generally increases the WFcons substantially. The current total Austrian WFcons amounts to 4377 l/cap/d, of which 83% relates to the consumption of agricultural products. However, both the daily consumption and intake of kcal and the proportion of animal proteins are considerably higher than recommended. It is shown that both the DGE and VEG diets reduce the WFcons considerably, i.e. by a reduction amount of 879 l/cap/d (20% of the total WFcons) respectively 1318 l/cap/d (30% of the total WFcons). The VEG diet is characterised by the lowest WFcons.JRC.H.1 - Water Resource
The water footprint of Austria for different diets
No full textThis paper analyses the Austrian water footprint of consumption (WFcons) for different diets: the current diet, a healthy diet (based upon the dietary recommendations issued by the German nutrition society, or DGE), a vegetarian diet and a combined diet between both latter diets. As in many western countries, the current Austrian diet consists of too many products from the groups sugar, crop oils, meat, animal fats, milk, milk products and eggs and not enough products from the groups cereals, rice, potatoes, vegetables and fruit. Especially the consumption of animal products accounts for high WF amounts. These diets result in a substantial reduction (range 922–1,362 l per capita per day (lcd)) of the WFcons for agricultural products, which is currently 3,655 lcd. However, the Austrian water footprint of agricultural production (WFprod = 2,066 lcd) still remains lower than even the WFcons for a vegetarian diet (2,293 lcd). As a result the country is a net virtual water importer regarding agricultural products for all analysed scenarios.JRC.H.1 - Water Resource
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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