136 research outputs found
Indigenous Peoples and Litigation:Strategies for Legal Empowerment
No full textAcross the globe indigenous peoples are increasingly using litigation to seek remedies for violation of their fundamental human rights. The rise of litigation is to be placed in the larger issue of increased land grabbing, natural resources exploitation and the general lack of recognition of their rights at the national level. This lack of legal rights is usually coupled with a lack of political will to address the issues faced by indigenous peoples, often leading to serious human rights violations, leaving indigenous advocates with few options but to turn to courts as a last resort to seek remedies. This article examines some of the issues faced by indigenous peoples and their advocates when engaging in human rights litigation. The goal is to offer a practice-based reflection on the encounter between courts and indigenous peoples with a specific focus on analysing strategies to ensure their legal empowerment. This is particularly important knowing the technicality, externalities and complexities of the process of litigation, and the fact that many decisions do not get implemented. In this context this article explores how the process of litigation in itself can support legal empowerment and the wider fight for justice. © 2020, The Author(s). The attached document (embargoed until 10/10/2022) is an author produced version of a paper published in JOURNAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICE uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. The final published version (version of record) is available online at the link. Some minor differences between this version and the final published version may remain. We suggest you refer to the final published version should you wish to cite from it.<br/
Le système d'acquisition de données des chambres à dérive du détecteur OPAL et l'optimisation d'un générateur d'événements hadroniques dans le cas de l'évaluation de la fraction des événements à 3 jets (le rapport R₃)
No full textMémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal
Supplemental Material for Vandenplas, Calus, and Gorjanc, 2018
No full textSupplemental figures are available in File S1. A description of the simulated genotype and phenotype datasets for each scenario is provided in File S2. Simulated genotype and phenotype datasets for the 5 replicates of each scenario are provided in Files S3, S4, and S5
3-D geological and petrophysical models with synthetic geophysics based on data from the Hamersley region (Western Australia)
No full text3-D geological and petrophysical models with synthetic geophysics based on data from the Hamersley region (Western Australia)
M. Jessell 1,2, J. Giraud 1,2, M. Lindsay 1,2
1 Centre for Exploration Targeting (School of Earth Sciences), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009 Crawley, Australia
2 Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre, School of Earth Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, WA Crawley 6009, Australia
Contact author: Jeremie Giraud ([email protected])
Companion dataset to the paper:
Structural, petrophysical and geological constraints in potential field inversion using the Tomofast-x open-source code, J. Giraud, V. Ogarko, R. Martin, M. Lindsay, M. Jessell, Geoscientific Model Development Discussions.
This dataset contains models and data shown in the paper, in both 2D and 3D:
1. Geological model
Reference lithology voxet:
The reference geological model was obtained using public data from the Geological Survey of Western Australia and modified subsequently (stretched vertically and flattened at surface level) for the purpose of this study.
Probability voxet
The lithology probability voxet was derived using Monte Carlo simulations for uncertainty estimation as mentioned in the paper.
2. True and inverted models for density and magnetic susceptibility
Derivation is detailed in the paper; it uses fictitious density and magnetic susceptibility values.
3. Bouguer and total magnetic field anomaly
Calculation is detailed in the paper.
The authors are supported, in part, by Loop – Enabling Stochastic 3D Geological Modelling (LP170100985) and the Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre (MinEx CRC) whose activities are funded by the Australian Government's Cooperative Research Centre Program. This is MinEx CRC Document 2021/3. Mark Lindsay acknowledges funding from the ARC and DECRA DE190100431.
It is a companion dataset to:
Vitaliy Ogarko, Jeremie Giraud, & Roland. (2021, February 5). Tomofast-x v1.0 source code (Version 1.0). Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.445262
Deflation techniques applied on mixed model equations
No full textIn this paper, we consider a block Jacobi preconditioner and various deflation techniques applied in the Deflated Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (DPCG) method for solving a sparse system of linear equations derived from a statistical linear mixed model that analyses simultaneously phenotypic and pedigree information of genotyped and ungenotyped animals with Single Polymorphism Nucleotide genotypes of genotyped animals. In livestock production systems, evaluating the genetic merit of the animals through such a model is a key process to ensure an improvement of animals for some characteristics of interest at each generation. First, we propose to define the deflation vectors using a subdomain deflation approach that considers some biological properties of the genotypes. Using simulated data, this approach reduces the number of iterations by up to 87% in comparison to a Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient method with a Jacobi preconditioner. Furthermore, compared to a DPCG method with same number of subdomains but defined randomly, this approach reduces the number of iterations by up to 20% for the same computational costs of one DPCG iteration. The properties of the resulting systems show that this approach annihilates the largest eigenvalues of the preconditioned coefficient matrix. Second, we propose the use of solution vectors of 12 systems of equations that include between 0.25% and 3% less data, as deflation vectors. For reducing the computational costs, we also consider a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition-reduced set of these 12 vectors. The properties of the resulting systems show that this recycling information approach annihilates the smallest eigenvalues of the preconditioned coefficient matrix, and results in a reduction of up to 39% in comparison to the PCG method. Finally, based on our experiment, the combination of the subdomain deflation approach relying on biological properties and of the POD-based approach to recycle previous solution vectors, for defining the deflation vectors, results in annihilating both the smallest and largest eigenvalues, and in a reduction of up to 88 % of the number of iterations in comparison to the PCG method.Numerical Analysi
Data simulation of genomic information of two chromosomes of 3-way crossbred pigs
No full textSimulated SNP genotype data for 3-way crossbred animals and their purebred ancestors, mimicking chromosomes 1 and 18 of the pig genome. Parental lines are closely related, distantly related or unrelated to each other. For each dataset, 10 replicates are available
A second-level diagonal preconditionerfor single-step SNPBLUP
No full textBackgroundThe preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) method is an iterative solver of linear equations systems commonly used in animal breeding. However, the PCG method has been shown to encounter convergence issues when applied to single-step single nucleotide polymorphism BLUP (ssSNPBLUP) models. Recently, we proposed a deflated PCG (DPCG) method for solving ssSNPBLUP efficiently. The DPCG method introduces a second-level preconditioner that annihilates the effect of the largest unfavourable eigenvalues of the ssSNPBLUP preconditioned coefficient matrix on the convergence of the iterative solver. While it solves the convergence issues of ssSNPBLUP, the DPCG method requires substantial additional computations, in comparison to the PCG method. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to develop a second-level preconditioner that decreases the largest eigenvalues of the ssSNPBLUP preconditioned coefficient matrix at a lower cost than the DPCG method, in addition to comparing its performance to the (D)PCG methods applied to two different ssSNPBLUP models.ResultsBased on the properties of the ssSNPBLUP preconditioned coefficient matrix, we proposed a second-level diagonal preconditioner that decreases the largest eigenvalues of the ssSNPBLUP preconditioned coefficient matrix under some conditions. This proposed second-level preconditioner is easy to implement in current software and does not result in additional computing costs as it can be combined with the commonly used (block-)diagonal preconditioner. Tested on two different datasets and with two different ssSNPBLUP models, the second-level diagonal preconditioner led to a decrease of the largest eigenvalues and the condition number of the preconditioned coefficient matrices. It resulted in an improvement of the convergence pattern of the iterative solver. For the largest dataset, the convergence of the PCG method with the proposed second-level diagonal preconditioner was slower than the DPCG method, but it performed better than the DPCG method in terms of total computing time.ConclusionsThe proposed second-level diagonal preconditioner can improve the convergence of the (D)PCG methods applied to two ssSNPBLUP models. Based on our results, the PCG method combined with the proposed second-level diagonal preconditioner seems to be more efficient than the DPCG method in solving ssSNPBLUP. However, the optimal combination of ssSNPBLUP and solver will most likely be situation-dependent.greenNumerical Analysi
Data from: Deflation techniques applied on mixed model equations
No full textThis archive contains all datasets and scripts to reproduce the results of our study. In this paper, we consider various deflation techniques applied in the Deflated Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (DPCG) method for solving a sparse system of linear equations derived from a statistical linear mixed model that analyses simultaneously phenotypic and pedigree information of genotyped and ungenotyped animals with Single Polymorphism Nucleotide genotypes of genotyped animals
A parametric study of vestibular stimulation during centrifugation
No full textThesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections."February 2006."Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-160).Artificial Gravity (AG) provided by short-radius centrifugation is a promising countermeasure to the health problems associated with long duration human spaceflight. Head-turns performed during centrifugation, however, trigger a disturbing vestibular response that is only qualitatively understood. In order to design an efficient incremental adaptation procedure, the present study investigates the quantitative aspect of the vestibular side effects associated with AG, in particular, the relationship among crosscoupled stimulation, vestibular response, and adaptation. We tested 20 young adults with supine right-quadrant yaw head-turns performed in a dark environment during short-radius centrifugation. We studied the changes in vestibular response and adaptation to head-turns at different levels of cross-coupled stimulation. Nine combinations of head-turn angle (20°, 40° or 80°) with centrifugevelocity (12, 19 or 30 rpm) were tested over two consecutive days.(cont.) There were four key findings: 1. All measures, except the slow-phase velocity (SPV) peak amplitude of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, decrease significantly between the two experimental days, which demonstrates that significant adaptation is achieved. 2. Large head-angles lead to longer vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex time-constants than smaller angles do, but do not lead to greater adaptation. 3. In the nose-up position, the perceived body-tilt is highly correlated with the true tilt of the gravito-inertial force at mid-chest level. 4. The SPV-peak amplitude and all subjective ratings except body-tilt show significant correlation with the intensity of the cross-coupled stimulus (CCS): the larger the CCS, the stronger the vestibular response.by Jeremie M. Pouly.S.M
Data from: Deflation techniques applied on mixed model equations
No full textThis archive contains all datasets and scripts to reproduce the results of our study.In this paper, we consider various deflation techniques applied in the DeflatedPreconditioned Conjugate Gradient (DPCG) method for solving a sparse system of linearequations derived from a statistical linear mixed model that analyses simultaneouslyphenotypic and pedigree information of genotyped and ungenotyped animals with SinglePolymorphism Nucleotide genotypes of genotyped animals
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