1,721,038 research outputs found
Frank Bourdier, Jean Rostand, Albert Vandel, Pierre P. Grassé, Georges Canguilhem, Le darwinisme sans Darwin, in Revue d'histoire des sciences, Paris, janvier-mars 1960
No full textGuitard Eugène-Humbert. Frank Bourdier, Jean Rostand, Albert Vandel, Pierre P. Grassé, Georges Canguilhem, Le darwinisme sans Darwin, in Revue d'histoire des sciences, Paris, janvier-mars 1960. In: Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie, 48ᵉ année, n°166, 1960. pp. 389-390
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Inhibition and attentional bias in depression : characterization of eye movement in the elderly depression
No full textLes spécificités de la dépression chez la personne âgée, tant sur le plan cognitif qu'émotionnel, peuvent rendre difficile son diagnostic. La dépression du sujet jeune se caractérise notamment par la présence d'un biais dirigé vers les informations négatives. Aucune étude n'a encore évalué les biais attentionnels chez le sujet âgé déprimé bien que le vieillissement modifie le traitement de l'information à valence émotionnelle. L'objectif de cette thèse était d'identifier le caractéristiques du traitement de l'information émotionnelle chez les sujets dépressifs âgés par l'étude des performances des systèmes saccadiques et des stratégies d'explorations visuelles en ayant recours aux techniques d'eye-tracking. Les résultats montrent chez ces patients une augmentation du temps de réaction aux tâches de prosaccades et d'antisaccades ainsi que du taux d'erreur comparativement aux sujets contrôles. Par ailleurs, l'augmentation du taux d'erreur et du coût temporel (différence entre le temps de réaction d'antisaccades et le temps de réaction des prosaccades) suggère que ces processus ne sont pas uniquement liés à un ralentissement global, mais qu'ils pourraient être aussi expliqués par une altération spécifique des mécanismes d'inhibition. Cette altération est corrélée à la sévérité de l'épisode dépressif. L'analyse des performances oculomotrices lors de la présentation de paires d'images à connotation émotionnelle a mis ei évidence un biais de positivité chez les sujets dépressifs âgés en comparaison à un groupe contrôle. L'utilisation des techniques d'eye-tracking a donc permis de préciser la nature des interactions entre le vieillissement et la dépression au niveau neurophysiologique et émotionnel. Les anomalies oculomotrices objectivées par ces tâches pourraient constituer des marqueurs de la dépression du sujet âgé. Les limites méthodologiques liées à l'utilisation de ces techniques ainsi que les applications cliniques potentielles comme par exemple l'aide au diagnostic différentiel entre la dépression et la maladie d'Alzheimer, entre le trouble unipolaire et bipolaire et comme facteur d'évaluation de la réponse aux traitements sont discutées.The specificities of dépression in thé elderly, on both thé cognition and emotional level, may render its diagnosis difficult. Dépression in young patients is characterized by thé présence of bias directed toward négative information. No study has assessed thé attentional bias in thé elderly depressed although aging changes thé emotional information processing. The aûn of this thesis was to identify thé characteristics of thé emotional information processing in depressed elderly subjects by studying thé performance of saccadic Systems and visual explorations stratégies through thé use of eye-tracking techniques. Our results showed that depressed patients had a higher reaction time in prosaccade and antisaccade tasks as well as higher error rates than controls. Moreover, thé higher time cost of inhibition (i.e. antisaccade reaction time minus prosaccade reaction time) suggests that thèse processes may imply a spécifie impairment of inhibition processes. This altération was found to be linked to dépression severity. The analysis of oculomotor performance on thé présentation of emotional picture pairs has highlighted a positivity bias in elderly depressed patients compared to healthy controls. The use of eye-tracking technologies has been found to be useful to specify thé link between ageing and dépression on neurophysiological and emotional levels. In this thesis, we also discuss thé methodological limits related to thé use of thèse techniques as well as thé potential clinical applications in thé differential diagnosis between dépression and Alzheimer's disease, or between unipolar and bipolar dépression, as well as in thé prédiction of treatment response
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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