196,701 research outputs found
On the conditions for pure-mode fracture
No full textIn a symmetrically cracked planar body, fracture modes I and II are respectively associated to systems of symmetric and antisymmetric forces w.r.t. the crack plane. These forces respectively produce only normal stresses and relative transverse displacements or only shear stresses and relative tangential displacements on the crack plane. The same pure-mode conditions do not apply in general for asymmetrically cracked bodies. Williams proposed the following pure-mode conditions for an asymmetrically cracked isotropic beam: (i) pure mode I, if the moments of the two sub-beams at the crack-tip cross-section are equal and opposite; (ii) pure-mode II, if the curvatures of the two sub-beams at the crack-tip cross-section are equal. Although questioned, Williams' conditions have been used by several authors. Valvo proved that the standard virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) may be inappropriate for analysing problems with highly asymmetric cracks since negative values for either mode I or mode II contribution to the energy release rate (ERR) may be calculated. To remedy this shortcoming, he suggested the following pure-mode conditions: (i) pure mode I, if the tangential crack-tip force is zero; (ii) pure mode II, if the crack-tip opening displacement is zero. Later, Valvo proposed the following conditions instead: (i) pure mode I, if the crack-tip sliding displacement is zero; (ii) pure mode II, if the normal crack-tip force is zero. In both the above proposals, the two pure modes are associated to energetically orthogonal systems of forces, so always non-negative modal contributions to the ERR are obtained. This revised VCCT was then adapted to generally layered beams. Wang and Harvey independently proposed the same energetically orthogonal pure-mode conditions. This presentation will discuss the various pure-mode conditions proposed, also with reference to experimental tests existing in the literature or to be specifically designed, aiming to clarify which theoretical proposals for pure modes (or mode partitioning) are to be preferred
Non-cruelty eradication of european rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from a small mediterranean island (Isola delle Femmine, Italy)
No full text[EN] European rabbit is, among mammals, one of the most widespread species almost worldwide, introduced on over 800 islands. In microinsular habitats, the introduction of alien species represents a major threat to biodiversity, and the European rabbit is included in the IUCN published list of the 100 worst invasive species. In 2008, an eradication plan was launched on Isola delle Femmine , a small and uninhabited island of about 14.5 ha, located in the Mediterranean basin and established as a nature reserve in 1997 to protect its flora and vegetation. The present work was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a non-cruelty intervention through the trapping and translocation of live animals, avoiding the use of poisons or hunting in a sensitive microinsular habitat. The European rabbit eradication plan began in December 2007 and ended in 2016, with the complete eradication of the species achieved in 2012. During the 5 yr in which trapping took place on the island, a total of 799 rabbits were trapped and translocated. A significant positive correlation (r=0.986; P=0.014) was observed between the number of catches made during the year and the estimated rabbit density in July (considered the highest of the year). The method used showed considerable efficacy for the management of rabbit populations in microinsular environments, highlighting the possibility of intervention with these methods when control using poison or direct culling is impractical or inadvisable.The project has been funded by Assessorato del Territorio e dell’Ambiente della Regione Siciliana.Lillo, F.; Di Dio, V.; Lo Valvo, M. (2023). Non-cruelty eradication of european rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from a small mediterranean island (Isola delle Femmine, Italy). 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Palermo, 20: 121-159.Di Vittorio M., Lo Valvo M., Di Trapani E., Sanguinetti A., Ciaccio A., Grenci S., Zafarana M., Giacalone G., Patti N., Cacopardi S., Rannisi P., Scuderi A., Luiselli L., La Grua G., Cortone G., Merlino S., Falci A., Spinella G., López-López P. 2019. Longterm changes in the breeding period diet of Bonelli’s eagle (Aquila fasciata) in Sicily, Italy. Wildlife Res., 46: 409-414. https://doi.org/10.1071/WR18081Eberhardt L., Van Etten R.C. 1956. Evaluation of the pellet group count as a deer census method. J. Wildl. Manage., 20: 70-74. https://doi.org/10.2307/3797250Ferrand N. 2008. Inferring the evolutionary history of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) from molecular markers. In: Lagomorph Biology: Evolution, Ecology and Conservation (eds Alves PC, Ferrand N, Hacklander K). Springer, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72446-9_4Flux J.E.C. 1994. World distribution. In: Thompson HV, King CM (eds). The European rabbit. 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Cultura alessandrina e paideia cristiana nel pensiero di Werner Jaeger, in M. Berti, V. Costa edd. Ritorno ad Alessandria. Storiografia antica e cultura bibliotecaria: tracce di una relazione perduta
No full textMany christian authors lived in Alexandria. The alexandrian culture remenbers ideas and concepts of classical Greece from 5th century BC to 4th AD
Cappi e la politica estera italiana del dopoguerra
No full textThe essay describes Giuseppe Cappi's contribution to the development of Italian foreign policy in the post-World War II period, both in the Italian parliament and within the Council of Europe
Ragioni economiche e ragioni culturali. L’Eni, l’Università Cattolica e i rapporti con l’Unione Sovietica
No full textL’analisi sul rapporto tra lo Stato, l’economia e la società condotta dai ‘professorini’ dell’Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore rappresentò un fondamentale quadro di riferimento per la politica che Amintore Fanfani, Giorgio La Pira ed Enrico Mattei, con strumenti diversi ma obiettivi in fondo condivisi, attuarono nei confronti dell’Unione Sovietica negli anni del ‘disgelo’. Nell’ateneo fondato da padre Agostino Gemelli la realtà dell’Unione Sovietica apparve infatti, fin dai primi anni di vita dell’università, un tema di interesse strategico, da approfondire in tutte le sue dimensioni (sociale, economica, filosofica, culturale e religiosa). Anche questo contribuì a irrobustire le radici culturali su cui Mattei fondava la propria azione a favore dello sviluppo economico del Paese
La diplomazia vaticana nel subcontinente latinoamericano
No full textLatin America has been crucial among the pastoral and geopolitical concerns of the large John Paul II’ pontificate. Vatican Diplomacy has followed closely the sociopolitical development of the subcontinent, by accompanying the transition towards democracy, against the background of an epochal change from an international system marked by the Cold War’ ideological contraposition to the neoliberal globalization of the Nineties. At the heart of the diplomatic action of both John Paul II and Benedict XVI there was religious freedom: the promotion of such a right has engaged the Holy See in both bilateral and multilateral diplomatic scenarios in Latin America
Segreteria di Stato
No full textLa voce ricostruisce la trama dei rapporti tra la Segreteria di Stato della Santa Sede e l'Italia nelle complesse vicende sociopolitiche che ha attraversato il Paese dall'Unità (1861) fino ai nostri giorni
Nesting of the Spotless Starling, Sturnus unicolor, on the island of Favignana (Aegadian Islands, Sicily)
No full textThe presence of the Spotless Starling in Sicily was reported for the first time at the beginning of the XIX century, although the first nests for the province of Trapani are reported almost at the end of the XX century. As a breeder, the Spotless Starling remained absent from all the circumsicilian islands until the first report for the island of Pantelleria, in 2012. In 2020, the nest of Spotless Starling was observed on the island of Favignana, within a hole on an antenna. The couple fed the chicks with Ligia italica crustacean isopod of the family Ligiidae. The nesting on the island of Favignana confirms the continuous expan-sion of the species in Sicily
Segreteria di Stato e la Chiesa in Italia
No full textLa voce ricostruisce l'evoluzione storica della Segreteria di Stato della Santa Sede in riferimento alle vicende politiche ed ecclesiali italiane dall'Unità ai giorni nostri
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