2,027 research outputs found
The Reproducibility of Lists of Differentially Expressed Genes in Microarray Studies
No full textReproducibility is a fundamental requirement in scientific experiments and clinical contexts. Recent publications raise concerns about the reliability of microarray technology because of the apparent lack of agreement between lists of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In this study we demonstrate that (1) such discordance may stem from ranking and selecting DEGs solely by statistical significance (P) derived from widely used simple t-tests; (2) when fold change (FC) is used as the ranking criterion, the lists become much more reproducible, especially when fewer genes are selected; and (3) the instability of short DEG lists based on P cutoffs is an expected mathematical consequence of the high variability of the t-values. We recommend the use of FC ranking plus a non-stringent P cutoff as a baseline practice in order to generate more reproducible DEG lists. The FC criterion enhances reproducibility while the P criterion balances sensitivity and specificity
Le Corbeau et le Renard: 99 versions réinventées: Style d'exercices
No full textThis book represents a fascinating effort. At first I thought it was going to be a collection of various parodies of La Fontaine's FC. It is not that, but rather a creative presentation of some 97 different versions of La Fontaine created by the author. The first two versions are a French translation of the Greek prose of the most original FC text in the Aesopic manuscripts and then La Fontaine's verse. Thereafter the fun begins! The imagination and the execution of this project are both remarkable. Let me offer a sample of five approaches: (1) an acrostic, so that the opening letters of each verse spell "M Jean La Fontaine"; (2) a prose version after the manner of Balzac; (3) a scientific version needing more than a full page; (4) a tourist guide version; and (5) a rhyming version in English. T of C at the end. 136 pages. 5¼" x 8". Printed upon demand.Language note: FrenchNicolas Mille
FC Omniworld
No full textHet maken van een stedenbouwkundig plan voor de locatie Almere Poort in Almere. Hierbij is het programma van de Gemeente, zoals gespecificeerd voor de locatie, overgenomen. De kern van het nieuwe plan is een centrale (groene) as waaraan alle centrumfuncties voor deze wijk worden gerealiseerd. Deze nieuwe as zorgt, door de combinatie van functies met verschillende gebruikstijden, voor een continue drukte op deze centrale as. Aan een van de eindes van de as ligt een verhoogd maaiveld. Dit maaiveld gaat over het spoortalud zodat men het spoor over kan steken zonder tunnel of spoorwegovergang. In dit talud worden diverse functies gehuisvest welke normaal dichte dozen zijn (zoals parkeren, expo ruimten en sportzalen). Deze functies met voornaleijk dichte gevels worden omkleed met kleinschalige functies om continue activiteit bij het verhoogde maaiveld te genereren en om interessante gevelbeelden te hebben (i.p.v. dichte wanden van grootschalige functies). In het verhoogde maaiveld ligt verdiept het nieuwe stadion voor FC Omniworld. Dit stadion wordt zo opgenomen in een natuurlijke en groene omgeving. De dakconstructie bestaat uit houten spanten en een semi-transparant doek om zo goed mogelijk aan te sluiten op het park bovenop het nieuwe maaiveld. Bezoekers komen ook via het park binnen. Op dit niveau kan men rondlopen om versnaperingen te kopen en vervolgens af te dalen naar de tribunes. Het stadion is in de toekomst uit te breiden door nieuwe tribunes te positioneren boven de promenade van het stadion en onder het dak. Hiervoor zijn geen aanpassingen vereist. Tevens is het stadion multifuntioneel te gebruiken door verplaatsbare tribunedelen.Architectur
Plant expression of cocaine hydrolase-Fc fusion protein for treatment of cocaine abuse
No full textBACKGROUND: A recently reported cocaine hydrolase (CocH3) fused with fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of human immunoglobulin G1, denoted as CocH3-Fc, is known as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of cocaine overdose and addiction. A challenge for practical therapeutic use of this enzyme exists in the large-scale protein production and, therefore, it is interesting to identify a low-cost and feasible, sustainable source of CocH3-Fc production.
RESULTS: CocH3-Fc was transiently expressed in plant Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The plant-expressed protein, denoted as pCocH3-Fc, was as active as that expressed in mammalian cells both in vitro and in vivo. However, compared to the mammalian-cell expressed CocH3-Fc protein, pCocH3-Fc had a shorter biological half-life, probably due to the lack of protein sialylation in plant. Nevertheless, the in vivo half-life was significantly extended upon the PEGylation of pCocH3-Fc. The Fc fusion did not prolong the biological half-life of the plant-expressed enzyme pCocH3-Fc, but increased the yield of the enzyme expression in the plant under the same experimental conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: It is feasible to express pCocH3-Fc in plants. Further studies on the pCocH3-Fc production in plants should focus on the development of vectors with additional genes/promoters for the complete protein sialylation and for a better yield
Stable Foliage Cluster (FC), a Basic Unit of the Crown Structure of Tree Species and Its Application to Modeling of Tree and Forest Structure: Configuration of the FC Model
No full textThe "foliage cluster (FC) model" shows that the size (the amount of leaves, number of yearly shoots and total twig length), turnover time, and branching (i.e., forking) structure of a twig becomes stable in the top of the crown in an oak species by forming a "stable FC" [1]. A stable FC can be treated as a basic component of the crown structure and as an alternative to individual leaf or current-year shoot. The FC model is composed of several equations approximating the branching structure of twigs. Differences in size and branching morphology among twigs are represented by differences in values of the parameters of the equations. We described details of our analyses of data taken from real twigs and applied to the equations implemented in the FC model
Financial analysis of FC SLOVAN Liberec
No full textThesis "Financial analysis of FC Slovan Liberec" focuses especially on reviewing financial position and efficiency of this football club in four year period. The first theoretical part is complemented with practical calculations in the second part. In the second part author focuses on horizontal analysis, vertical analysis and other models of financial analysis
Among small walls and matches: disputes and hegemonic narratives in the landscape symbolic production through Santos FC
No full textO estádio de futebol é um lugar de grande relevância cultural, sendo eu entorno ser local de socialização e de alteridade entre distintos grupos de torcedores. Dentro da Geografia, podemos dizer que o estádio de futebol é um local capaz de evocar memórias afetivas e criar topofilia aos torcedores cujas experiências de espectação se dão ali. Locus de ritualizações, de sociabilidade e de alteridade, o entorno do estádio tem uma paisagem que é produzida. Nessa paisagem produzida, estão expressos símbolos materiais e símbolos imateriais, discursos e narrativas, que são de domínio da elite econômica. Assim, a hegemonia da produção simbólica da paisagem é dada pelos agentes com maiores recursos financeiros e influência política naquele lugar, apontando que os meios de produção simbólicos estão com quem detém os meios de produção das mercadorias. Esse trabalho visa elucidar o processo de produção simbólico hegemônico que utiliza o Santos FC para ser expresso. Para tal, através dos preceitos da Nova Geografia Cultural, analisamos o sistema de símbolos para além do entorno do estádio Urbano Caldeira, a \"Vila Belmiro\", abarcando toda a cidade de Santos-SP. Em boa medida, o trabalho entende o Santos FC e seu estádio como símbolos dentro de um sistema maior, metonímico, cuja extensão abarca toda a área urbana de seu município sede, com intencionalidades relacionadas à formação identitária do morador à cidade. De forma a investigar qual o negativo do discurso hegemônico, é apresentada na dissertação a formação socioespacial da cidade, visando elencar episódios e personagens históricos capazes de apontar outras narrativas, assim como o embasamento ao discurso elitista. Por conta do contingente de torcedores maior em São Paulo, o trabalho também analisa as dificuldades de deslocamento da paisagem por parte da torcida do Santos FC na capital, suas territorialidades intermitentes, espaços de sociabilidade e encontros em meio a uma realidade distinta à vivenciada na cidade litorânea. Por fim, o trabalho também faz uma defesa do futebol como objeto de estudo da Geografia dada a sua relevância no cotidiano da população de Santos e de qualquer outro município brasileiro onde haja duas metas, um campo e uma bola.The football stadium is a place which a great cultural relevance, besides of its surroundings as a place of socialization and otherness among different football fans\' groups. Thinking about Geography, it\'s possible to say that football stadium is a place capable to evoke affective memories and make some topophilia for football fans whose attendance experiences happen in this place. Locus of ritualizations, sociability and otherness, the football stadium surroundings have got a landscape that has been produced. At this produced landscape are expressed material and immaterial symbols, speeches and narratives, which are economical elites\' domain. Thus, the hegemonic symbolic production of the landscape is given by highly finance resources and political influence groups, pointing that the means of symbolic production are with means of goods\' production owners. This work means to elucidate the hegemonic symbolic production process that uses Santos FC to be expressed. For that, through the New Cultural Geography precepts, this dissertation means to analyze the symbol system apart from Urbano Caldeira stadium - \'Vila Belmiro\' - surroundings covering all the city of Santos-SP. To a large exchange, this work studies Santos and its stadium as symbols inside a greater system, metonymic, which extension covers all the urban area of its municipality with intentionalities related to the resident\'s identity formation with the city. In way to investigate the hegemonic negative speech, it\'s presented here the city\'s sociospatial formation, aiming to list historical characters and episodes capable to show different narratives so as the elite speech background. Due the greater football fans\' numbers in Sao Paulo, this text analyzes all difficulties in landscape shifting by Santos FC fans in the capital city, their intermittent territorialities, sociability and meeting spaces in the middle of a distinct reality than the coastal city lived one. Finally, this work defends football as Geography study\'s object by its Santos\' population daily relevance as any other Brazilian city with two goalposts and a ball
Contributing human and organizational factors to the collapse of the FC Twente stadium roof
No full textIn 2011 the city of Enschede was shocked by the collapse of the roof of an extension for the FC Twente stadium. The structure collapsed during construction and two fatalities and nine injuries were recorded. The cantilevering steel roof structure was covered with corrugated steel sheets and stabilized by bracings. Investigation showed that the structure was already loaded with the finishing structure before it was completed and stabilized. Contributing influencing human and organizational factors to the incident were the tight schedule resulting in a flawed construction sequence. Furthermore, there was too little attention to the way of execution during design, unjustified trust between parties resulting in inadequate coordination, checking and allocation of responsibilities.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Applied Mechanic
Development of a tick-borne encephalitis serodiagnostic ELISA using recombinant Fc-antigen fusion proteins
No full textCurrent diagnostic tests for tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infections require high-biosafety facilities for antigen preparation and can cross-react with other flaviviruses. There is, therefore, a need to develop safe, inexpensive serodiagnostic tools with high specificity and sensitivity. In this study, a recombinant plasmid that expresses the membrane and envelope (E) proteins of TBEV fused to the Fc domain of rabbit IgG was constructed and expressed in mammalian cells. The E-Fc proteins were secreted as soluble homodimers, which retained reactivity with anti-TBEV and anti-rabbit IgG antibodies. The E-Fc proteins were then used to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect TBEV antibodies in rodent and human sera. Compared with the neutralization test, the ELISA had over 90% sensitivity and specificity. In addition, the assay showed no cross-reactivity with Japanese encephalitis virus antibodies. These findings suggest that the E-Fc ELISA may be a useful tool for TBEV serodiagnosis. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Brackets, superalgebras and spectral gap
No full textThe first author has been partially supported by the Projects MTM 2017-83506-C2- 2-P from the Ministry of Economy of Spain and FC-GRUPIN-IDI/2018/000193 from the Principado de Asturias, the second author gratefully acknowledges the support by the NSF Grant DMS 160 192
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