4,197 research outputs found
Comments on Martti Veildi and Tõnno Jonuks (by VALTER LANG, HEIKI VALK and ANTS KRAUT) with a reply (by MARTTI VELDI and TÕNNO JONUKS)
No full textComments on Martti Veildi and Tõnno Jonuks (by VALTER LANG, HEIKI VALK and ANTS KRAUT) with a reply (by MARTTI VELDI and TÕNNO JONUKS
Archaeological Research in Estonia 1865–2005
No full textThis volume is dedicated to the historiography and analysis of the present state of Estonian archaeology. Part I (articles by Valter Lang and Marge Konsa) provides a review of the general development of archaeological research in Estonia from the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century, focusing on institutional changes and advances in theoretical thinking and approaches. Part II includes articles by Aivar Kriiska, V. Lang, Andres Tvauri, Heiki Valk, Ain Mäesalu, Anton Pärn, Erki Russow and Arvi Haak on the previous research into the prehistoric and historical periods. In Part III, A. Tvauri and Mauri Kiudsoo discuss the formation and present situation of the archaeological and numismatic collections, and the establishment and development of archaeological heritage protection. Part IV discusses some more specific areas of research in Estonian archaeology, such as application of methods from the natural sciences in archaeology (A. Kriiska), settlement archaeology (V. Lang), underwater archaeology (Maili Roio), and connections between archaeology and oral tradition (H. Valk)
Archaeological Research in Estonia 1865–2005
No full textThis volume is dedicated to the historiography and analysis of the present state of Estonian archaeology. Part I (articles by Valter Lang and Marge Konsa) provides a review of the general development of archaeological research in Estonia from the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century, focusing on institutional changes and advances in theoretical thinking and approaches. Part II includes articles by Aivar Kriiska, V. Lang, Andres Tvauri, Heiki Valk, Ain Mäesalu, Anton Pärn, Erki Russow and Arvi Haak on the previous research into the prehistoric and historical periods. In Part III, A. Tvauri and Mauri Kiudsoo discuss the formation and present situation of the archaeological and numismatic collections, and the establishment and development of archaeological heritage protection. Part IV discusses some more specific areas of research in Estonian archaeology, such as application of methods from the natural sciences in archaeology (A. Kriiska), settlement archaeology (V. Lang), underwater archaeology (Maili Roio), and connections between archaeology and oral tradition (H. Valk)
Early Finnic-Baltic contacts as evidenced by archaeological and linguistic data
No full textLong-lasting and intense contacts between Finnic and Baltic tribes resulted in the linguistic and material intertwining of the cultures of these two groups, which belong to two different language families. This article concentrates on some interesting connections between both cultures, while attempting to explain and illustrate language contacts using the archaeological record. First, some semantically connected groups of Baltic loanwords in Proto-Finnic will be analysed in order to establish their time and place of borrowing. Next, the Late Bronze Age contacts will be shown to have been the most intensive. The borrowing of the Finnic name Kalev/Kaleva from Baltic kalvis/kalējs ‘smith’, which first was argued in my earlier paper written in Estonian (Lang 2012), is among the evidence for the intensity of these contacts. This is followed by a discussion of bronze work and the casting of bronze rings by these smiths or kalevs, and ends with an examination of the use of these rings as offerings and for taxation.Kokkuvõte. Valter Lang: Läänemeresoome–balti kontaktid arheoloogiliste ja keeleliste andmete alusel. Algläänemeresoome ja idapoolsete balti hõimude pikaaegsed ja tihedad kontaktid tõid kaasa nende kahe eri keelkonda kuuluva rühma materiaalse ja vaimse kultuuri (sh keele) läbipõimumise. Artikkel keskendub mõningatele huvipakkuvatele seostele mõlema rühma kultuuris, püüdes keelekontakte selgitada ja näitlikustada arheoloogilise andmestikuga. Kõigepealt käsitletakse mõnda balti laensõnade semantiliselt seotud rühma algläänemeresoome keeles eesmärgiga teha kindlaks nende laenamise aeg ja koht. Seejärel iseloomustatakse lähemalt kõige intensiivsemaid, nooremal pronksiajal aset leidnud kontakte, analüüsides sealhulgas võimalust tuletada läänemeresoome Kalev/Kaleva nime balti sõnast kalvis/kalējs tähendusega ‘sepp’, mida autor esmakordselt põhjendas ühes oma varasemas eestikeelses artiklis (Lang 2012). See teema viib lõpuks välja pronksi ja eriti pronksvõrude valmistamiseni nendesamade seppade või kalevite poolt ning nende võrude kasutamiseni ohverdamisel ja maksustamisel.Märksõnad: arheoloogia ja keel, läänemeresoome-balti kontaktid, pronksiaeg, pronksvõrud pronksi varuna ja ohverdus- ning maksuvahendinaKubbõvõttõks. Valter Lang: Vāldamiersūomlizt–baltõd siḑmõd arheolōgij ja kīel tīetõkst pūoj pǟl. Vāldamiersūomlizt ja mōgõrpūolizt baltõd sugūd pitkāāigaližist ja sagdižist siḑmist sugīz nänt kǭd īžkiz kīelkub jagūd materiāliz ja vaimliz kultūr (neiīž kīeld) lebbõpaļštimi. Kēra kontsentrīerõb mȯlmõd kultūrõd mingizt interesantõd siḑmõd pǟlõ, kǭļõs seļțõ ja nägțõbõks tīedõ arheologilizt tīetõks abkõks. Amājedsõ sōbõd vaņtõltõd baltõd kēļšti täpīņțõd sõnād mingizt semantilizt gruppõ nänt täpīņțimiz āiga ja kūož vizāks tīemiz pierāst. Sīetagān sōb traktõd amā intensīvõd, nūorimiz brōnza aigizt siḑmõd ilā, vaņtlõs võimizt seļțõ vāldamiersūomõ nimmõ Kalev/Kaleva baltõ sõnāst kalvis/kalējs ‘siepā, kaļāj’, neiku autor um siedā ežmõks pūojtõn ēsti kīelsõ (Lang 2012). Lopāndõksõks vīb se temāt brōnza ja īžkiz brōnza rīnkõd tagāmiz jūr nänt īž kaļājd pūold ja nänt rīnkõd kȭlbatimiz jūr uppõrtõmiz ja maksūd võtāmiz jūs
Maa. Kõik on kõigega seotud
No full textSümpoosionil „Maa. Kõik on kõigega seotud“ esinevad ettekannetega taimefüsioloog Hanna Hõrak, makroökoloog Meelis Pärtel, Maajaama eestvedajad Timo Toots ja Mari-Liis Rebane, geoloogid Oive Tinn ja Tõnu Pani, arheogeneetik Kristiina Tambets ning arheoloog Valter Lang
Tydi-lang: a language for typed streaming hardware: A manual for future Tydi-lang compiler developers
No full textTransferring composite data structures with variable-length fields often requires designing non-trivial protocols that are not compatible between hardware designs. When each project designs its own data format and protocols the ability to collaborate between hardware developers is diminished, which is an issue especially in the open-source community. Because the high-level meaning of a protocol is often lost in translation to low-level languages when a custom protocol needs to be designed, extra documentation is required, the interpretation of which introduces new opportunities for errors. The Tydi specification (Tydi-spec) was proposed to address the above issues by codifying the composite and variable-length data structures in a type and providing a standard protocol to transfer typed data among hardware components. The Tydi intermediate representation (Tydi-IR) extends the Tydi-spec by defining typed interfaces, typed components, and connections among typed components.In this paper, we propose Tydi-lang, a high-level hardware description language (HDL) for streaming designs. The language incorporates Tydi-spec to describe typed streams and provides templates to describe abstract reusable components. We also implement an open-source compiler from Tydi-lang to Tydi-IR. We leverage a Tydi-IR to VHDL compiler, and also present a simulator blueprint to identify streaming bottlenecks. We show several Tydi-lang examples to translate high-level SQL to VHDL to demonstrate that Tydi-lang can efficiently raise the level of abstraction and reduce design effort.https://github.com/twoentartian/tydi-lang Source code for the thesis project.Computer Scienc
Estonian Approaches to Culture Theory
No full textThe fourth volume in the Approaches to Culture Theory series is a contemporary Estonian anthology in culture theory. Most of the authors are members of the research groups of the Centre of Excellence in Cultural Theory: archaeology, cultural communication studies, contemporary cultural studies, ethnology, folkloristics, religious studies, landscape studies, and semiotics. These scholars have revised their recent work to highlight current topics in culture theory in Estonia and use theoretical analyses to advance the self-description and self-understanding of culture. Contributors include Aili Aarelaid-Tart, Martin Ehala, Halliki Harro-Loit, Tiiu Jaago, Anne Kull, Kalevi Kull, Kristin Kuutma, Valter Lang, Art Leete, Kati Lindström, Mihhail Lotman, Hannes Palang, Rein Raud, Raul Tiganik, Peeter Torop, Ülo Valk, and Tõnu Viik
Estonian Approaches to Culture Theory
No full textThe fourth volume in the Approaches to Culture Theory series is a contemporary Estonian anthology in culture theory. Most of the authors are members of the research groups of the Centre of Excellence in Cultural Theory: archaeology, cultural communication studies, contemporary cultural studies, ethnology, folkloristics, religious studies, landscape studies, and semiotics. These scholars have revised their recent work to highlight current topics in culture theory in Estonia and use theoretical analyses to advance the self-description and self-understanding of culture. Contributors include Aili Aarelaid-Tart, Martin Ehala, Halliki Harro-Loit, Tiiu Jaago, Anne Kull, Kalevi Kull, Kristin Kuutma, Valter Lang, Art Leete, Kati Lindström, Mihhail Lotman, Hannes Palang, Rein Raud, Raul Tiganik, Peeter Torop, Ülo Valk, and Tõnu Viik
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