1,720,975 research outputs found
Jean-Pierre Lachaud (dir.), Pauvreté et marché du travail urbain en Afrique subsaharienne : analyse comparative
No full textValier Jacques. Jean-Pierre Lachaud (dir.), Pauvreté et marché du travail urbain en Afrique subsaharienne : analyse comparative. In: Tiers-Monde, tome 36, n°142, 1995. Pauvretés, sous la direction de Bruno Lautier et Pierre Salama. pp. 443-444
Jorge E. Hardoy et David Satterthwaite, Squatter Citizen, Life in the urban Third World
No full textValier Jacques. Jorge E. Hardoy et David Satterthwaite, Squatter Citizen, Life in the urban Third World. In: Tiers-Monde, tome 34, n°135, 1993. La réhabilitation de la demande (sous la direction de Jean-Marc Fontaine) sous la direction de Jean-Marc Fontaine. pp. 713-714
Mesures des pauvretés et de l'appauvrissement
No full textSalama Pierre, Valier Jacques. Mesures des pauvretés et de l'appauvrissement . In: Tiers-Monde, tome 36, n°142, 1995. Pauvretés, sous la direction de Bruno Lautier et Pierre Salama. pp. 257-278
Les chemins escarpés de la hausse des prix en Amérique latine
No full textSalama Pierre, Valier Jacques. Les chemins escarpés de la hausse des prix en Amérique latine. In: Tiers-Monde, tome 33, n°129, 1992. La fin des hyperinflations en Amérique latine, sous la direction de Pierre Salama. pp. 137-151
Economic liberalism, social disparities and poverty in underdeveloped countries
Full text linkFollowing the radical programs of economic adjustment, international agencies and governments in Latin America have been shaping their policies to protect the very poor, either by compensating for a deterioration in standards of living to which they themselves had contributed to, or simply to avoid further social unrest. Today, the idea that the government should intervene to resol ve problems of poverty and disparity is accepted; but it is accepted from a liberalstandpoint, that is to say, expeling politics from the equation and giving the market free rein to regulate society. In this view, policy to protect the poor makes the State some kind of charitable organization, a safety-net for those shut out of the market. This is based on two principIes: be patient, wait till tomorrow. These principIes are to be found in Rawls and in Hayek, who differ on some matters but agree on four main themes: the decisive role of the market in forming society, the justification of the fetishism of commodities, the creative disparities and the social exclusion as an individual phenomenon.Luego de los programas de ajustes radicales, las entidades internacionales y los gobiernos de los países latinoamericanos vienen adoptando políticas en defensa de los más pobres, bien sea para compensar el deterioro del nivel de vida que aquellos originaron o bien para evitar un mayor descontento social. Hoy se acepta la intervención del Estado para afrontar los problemas de la pobreza y las desigualdades sociales, aunque desde una óptica liberal, es decir, expulsando la política y dando prioridad al mercado como entidad reguladora de la sociedad. Así, las políticas en la defensa de los pobres adquiere un carácter de mera beneficencia o de red de seguridad para quienes son excluidos por el mercado, y se basan en dos principios: hay que ser pacientes y esperar hasta mañana. Sus fundamentos filosóficos se encuentran en Rawls y Hayek, quienes aunque difieren en algunas cuestiones comparte cuatro temas fundamentales: el papel determinante del mercado en la formación de la sociedad, la apología del fetichismo de la mercancía, las desigualdades creadoras y la exclusión social como fenómeno individual
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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