1,720,957 research outputs found
Mapping protein-coding genomes to phenomes: a phylogenetic perspective
No full textIn the current genomics era, it is essential to understand how the existing genomics diversity across evolution is linked to the enormous diversity we observe at the phenotypic level. Until now, Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been the predominant tool in genome-phenome studies, focused on populations from different model organisms. However, the significant increase in the availability of large comparative datasets in recent years helps to broaden the understanding of the genomic architecture of biological traits and recover variability one would miss only with GWAS studies. In this thesis, firstly, we developed new comparative methodologies, datasets and strategies to carry out comprehensive genome-phenome analysis on the mammals and primate’s phylogenies. Secondly, we obtained a comprehensive phylogenetic protein-coding genome phenome map in primates, providing amino acid positions and protein-coding gene evolutionary rates associated with phenotype variation on morphological, physiological, life-history, ecological and behavioral traits. Lastly, we demonstrate the applicability of these datasets and methodologies studying protein-coding genomic correlates in two phenotypes of particular interest from the human perspective: longevity in mammals and neoplasia in primates.En la era genómica actual, es esencial entender cómo la diversidad genómica existente a lo largo de la evolución puede explicar la enorme diversidad que observamos a nivel fenotípico. Hasta el momento, los estudios de asociación genoma-fenoma (GWAS) han sido la herramienta principal en estudios de genoma-fenoma, centrados en poblaciones de distintos organismos modelo. Sin embargo, el significativo aumento de disponibilidad de recursos de genómica comparativa en los últimos años puede ayudar a ampliar la comprensión que tenemos de la arquitectura genómica de los caracteres biológicos, recuperando variación que perdemos si solo nos centramos en estudios de GWAS. En esta tesis, primero desarrollamos nuevas metodologías, bases de datos y estrategias comparativas para llevar a cabo análisis comprensivos de genoma-fenoma en las filogenias de mamíferos y primates. En segundo lugar, generamos un mapa filogenético genoma-fenoma exhaustivo en primates a partir de genes codificante para proteínas, recuperando posiciones aminoacídicas testadas filogenéticamente y tasas evolutivas de genes codificantes asociadas a la variación de caracteres morfológicos, fisiológicos, ecológicos, de historia de la vida y comportamentales. Finalmente, demostramos la aplicabilidad de estos datos y metodologías estudiando las correlaciones con el genoma codificante para proteína en dos fenotipos particularmente interesantes desde la perspectiva humana: longevidad en mamíferos y neoplasia en primates.Programa de Doctorat en Biomedicin
Mapping protein-coding genomes to phenomes: a phylogenetic perspective
No full textIn the current genomics era, it is essential to understand how the existing genomics diversity across evolution is linked to the enormous diversity we observe at the phenotypic level. Until now, Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been the predominant tool in genome-phenome studies, focused on populations from different model organisms. However, the significant increase in the availability of large comparative datasets in recent years helps to broaden the understanding of the genomic architecture of biological traits and recover variability one would miss only with GWAS studies. In this thesis, firstly, we developed new comparative methodologies, datasets and strategies to carry out comprehensive genome-phenome analysis on the mammals and primate’s phylogenies. Secondly, we obtained a comprehensive phylogenetic protein-coding genome phenome map in primates, providing amino acid positions and protein-coding gene evolutionary rates associated with phenotype variation on morphological, physiological, life-history, ecological and behavioral traits. Lastly, we demonstrate the applicability of these datasets and methodologies studying protein-coding genomic correlates in two phenotypes of particular interest from the human perspective: longevity in mammals and neoplasia in primates.En la era genómica actual, es esencial entender cómo la diversidad genómica existente a lo largo de la evolución puede explicar la enorme diversidad que observamos a nivel fenotípico. Hasta el momento, los estudios de asociación genoma-fenoma (GWAS) han sido la herramienta principal en estudios de genoma-fenoma, centrados en poblaciones de distintos organismos modelo. Sin embargo, el significativo aumento de disponibilidad de recursos de genómica comparativa en los últimos años puede ayudar a ampliar la comprensión que tenemos de la arquitectura genómica de los caracteres biológicos, recuperando variación que perdemos si solo nos centramos en estudios de GWAS. En esta tesis, primero desarrollamos nuevas metodologías, bases de datos y estrategias comparativas para llevar a cabo análisis comprensivos de genoma-fenoma en las filogenias de mamíferos y primates. En segundo lugar, generamos un mapa filogenético genoma-fenoma exhaustivo en primates a partir de genes codificante para proteínas, recuperando posiciones aminoacídicas testadas filogenéticamente y tasas evolutivas de genes codificantes asociadas a la variación de caracteres morfológicos, fisiológicos, ecológicos, de historia de la vida y comportamentales. Finalmente, demostramos la aplicabilidad de estos datos y metodologías estudiando las correlaciones con el genoma codificante para proteína en dos fenotipos particularmente interesantes desde la perspectiva humana: longevidad en mamíferos y neoplasia en primates.Programa de Doctorat en Biomedicin
Mapping protein-coding genomes to phenomes: a phylogenetic perspective
No full textIn the current genomics era, it is essential to understand how the existing genomics diversity across evolution is linked to the enormous diversity we observe at the phenotypic level. Until now, Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been the predominant tool in genome-phenome studies, focused on populations from different model organisms. However, the significant increase in the availability of large comparative datasets in recent years helps to broaden the understanding of the genomic architecture of biological traits and recover variability one would miss only with GWAS studies. In this thesis, firstly, we developed new comparative methodologies, datasets and strategies to carry out comprehensive genome-phenome analysis on the mammals and primate’s phylogenies. Secondly, we obtained a comprehensive phylogenetic protein-coding genome phenome map in primates, providing amino acid positions and protein-coding gene evolutionary rates associated with phenotype variation on morphological, physiological, life-history, ecological and behavioral traits. Lastly, we demonstrate the applicability of these datasets and methodologies studying protein-coding genomic correlates in two phenotypes of particular interest from the human perspective: longevity in mammals and neoplasia in primates.En la era genómica actual, es esencial entender cómo la diversidad genómica existente a lo largo de la evolución puede explicar la enorme diversidad que observamos a nivel fenotípico. Hasta el momento, los estudios de asociación genoma-fenoma (GWAS) han sido la herramienta principal en estudios de genoma-fenoma, centrados en poblaciones de distintos organismos modelo. Sin embargo, el significativo aumento de disponibilidad de recursos de genómica comparativa en los últimos años puede ayudar a ampliar la comprensión que tenemos de la arquitectura genómica de los caracteres biológicos, recuperando variación que perdemos si solo nos centramos en estudios de GWAS. En esta tesis, primero desarrollamos nuevas metodologías, bases de datos y estrategias comparativas para llevar a cabo análisis comprensivos de genoma-fenoma en las filogenias de mamíferos y primates. En segundo lugar, generamos un mapa filogenético genoma-fenoma exhaustivo en primates a partir de genes codificante para proteínas, recuperando posiciones aminoacídicas testadas filogenéticamente y tasas evolutivas de genes codificantes asociadas a la variación de caracteres morfológicos, fisiológicos, ecológicos, de historia de la vida y comportamentales. Finalmente, demostramos la aplicabilidad de estos datos y metodologías estudiando las correlaciones con el genoma codificante para proteína en dos fenotipos particularmente interesantes desde la perspectiva humana: longevidad en mamíferos y neoplasia en primates.Programa de Doctorat en Biomedicin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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