1,720,977 research outputs found
Parasympathetic activation is associated with an enhancement of resting energy expenditure in basketball players
No full text
Influence of Intermittent Fasting on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and the Orexinergic System in Postmenopausal Women: A Pilot Study
No full textAbstract: Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of different nutritional strate-
gies, specifically intermittent fasting (IF) combined with high-intensity interval training
(HIIT) versus a low-calorie diet (LCD), on body composition, physical performance, and the
orexinergic system in postmenopausal women. Methods: A randomized controlled trial
involving thirty postmenopausal women (mean age 57.50 ± 6.50 years) was conducted over
eight weeks, comparing the two dietary approaches alongside an 8-week HIIT program.
Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-
energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Performance metrics included handgrip strength and
the 6-minute walking test (6MWT). Salivary samples were analyzed for Orexin-A (OX-A)
levels pre- and post-intervention. Results: Significant improvements in health metrics,
such as heart rate (HR) and endurance, were found, with mean HR changes showing a
significant difference (F = 5.943, p = 0.033) between the groups at T1. Orexin-A levels
reflected significant metabolic regulation shifts in relation to other variables, showing a
change from baseline to post-intervention values at T1 (F = 10,931, p = 0.033). Flexibility
(sit and reach) significantly improved by 6% (p < 0.05), as well as VO2 max (10%, p < 0.05),
both highlighted as key predictors of overall health outcomes. Additionally, Cohen’s d
analyses indicated that the dietary groups exhibited notable differences in endurance, with
the LCD group showing a Cohen’s d of −0.90, suggesting a large effect size compared with
the control group. Conclusions: The combination of IF and HIIT is an effective nutritional
strategy for enhancing body composition and physical performance in postmenopausal
women, potentially mediated by changes in the orexinergic system. Further research is
warranted to explore long-term effects and underlying mechanisms
Effects of emotional stress on neuroendocrine and autonomic functions in parachute jumping
No full textHeart-rate changes after an ultraendurance swim from Italy to Albania: A case report
No full textPurpose: To evaluate the effect of a solo ultraendurance open-water swim on autonomic and nonautonomic control of heart rate (HR). Methods: A male athlete (age 48 y, height 172 cm, body mass 68 kg, BMI 23 kg/m2) underwent HR-variability (HRV) and circulating catecholamine evaluations at different times before and after an ultraendurance swim crossing the Adriatic Sea from Italy to Albania. HRV was measured in 5-min segments and quantified by time and frequency domain. Circulating catecholamines were estimated by salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) assay. Results: The athlete completed 78.1 km in 23:44 h:min. After arrival, sAA levels had increased by 102.6%. Time- And frequency-domain HRV indexes decreased, as well (mean RR interval, -29,7%; standard deviation of normal mean RR interval, -63,1%; square root of mean squared successive differences between normal-to-normal RR intervals, -49.3%; total power, -74.3%; low frequency, -78.0%; high frequency, -76.4%), while HR increased by 41.8%. At 16-h recovery, sAA had returned to preevent values, while a stable tachycardia was accompanied by reduced HRV measures. Conclusion: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study reporting cardiac autonomic adjustments to an extreme and challenging ultraendurance open-water swim. The findings confirmed that the autonomic drives depend on exercise efforts. Since HRV changes did not mirror the catecholamine response 16 h postevent, the authors assume that the ultraendurance swim differently influenced cardiac function by both adaptive autonomic and nonautonomic patterns
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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