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Krizių valdymo organizacijoje modelio teorinis pagrindimas.
No full textIn order to be able to strategically manage the crisis within business environment, it is essential to talk about the process of crisis planning, as well as strategy management within an organization. To achieve that an adequate training of staff is necessary, in addition to that the analysis of the situation and search for alternative solutions are required. To be able to properly get prepared for a crisis planning and strategy management process, both scholarly discussions and practical solutions are necessary. Action planning enables management not only to evaluate the dynamics within a business environment, but also evaluate similar changes related issues. So in this context the paper analyses the solutions of strategic changes, specifying crisis communication in an organization and employee’s self-identification. The author claims that the main attention should be paid to the individual, improving his professional skills, developing his competencies, what helps him successfully identify in organization and enables to integrate in the labor activities in the nearest future. This is the essential principle of crisis situation management and decision making. The principle requires to evaluate the processes of employee socialization, individualization and adaptation as well as to form the expression of employee identification in an organization. Otherwise we have a „psychological tiredness” crisis - because of the lack of collaboration among employers in a company. [...]
Theoretical Substation of the Model for Crisis Management in Organization
No full textIn order to be able to strategically manage the crisis within business environment, it is essential to talk about the process of crisis planning, as well as strategy management within an organization. To achieve that an adequate training of staff is necessary, in addition to that the analysis of the situation and search for alternative solutions are reąuired. To be able to properly get prepared for a crisis planning and strategy management process, both scholarly discussions and practical solutions are necessary. Action planning enables management not only to evaluate the dynamics within a business environment, but also evaluate similar changes related issues. So in this context the paper analyses the solutions of strategic changes, specifying crisis communication in an organization and employee\u27s self-identification. The author claims that the main attention should be paid to the individual, improving his professional skills, developing his competencies, what helps him successfully identify in organization and enables to integrate in the labor activities in the nearest future. This is the essential principle of crisis situation management and decision making. The principle reąuires to evaluate the processes of employee socialization, individualization and adaptation as well as to form the expression of employee identification in an organization. Otherwise we have a „psychological tiredness" crisis - because of the lack of collaboration among employers in a company. This crisis is described as physical and emotional tiredness of employees from the intensive team work and too high reąuirements for employers\u27 innovations. It is important to know - the management in each organization should know the weak points in their personnel management and should have a built-in advance employee identification strategy, which would accelerate the process of the employee\u27s adaptation to organizational goals and values and stipulate his/her efficiency and work satisfaction in order to manage crisis situations. Stress and ambiguity often follow crises, which negatively effect decision making. The sooner the managers are able to find the main factors for risk, the more the crisis plan is efficient regarding decision making. Efficient management of the strategy process may have impact on the organization in taking actions to minimize the crisis. Crisis management reąuires collaboration with systems, efficient internal and external communication, setting the persons and their roles expressed by special duties and responsibilities, effective collective decision making, control and collaboration responsibility.In this context the author presents the theoretical substation of the model of crisis management in an organižation. The construct of the presumptive model of crisis management is presented and focused on the relation between thee elements:• The strategy of crisis management in organization- the preparation of crisis situation prevention program, the identification of crisis nature, the operative actions when crisis appears and the liąuidation of crisis conseąuences rehabilitating the organizational performance. The cycle reopens with the preparation of new crisis situation management programs.• The efficient corporate communication -asa strategic management function, focusing nowadays challenges: the necessity to create confidence between internal and external audience of a company; to activate business forming responsible corporate culture as the prevention and management of crisis.• The processes of employee socialization, individualization and adaptation as well as the means to form the expression of employee identification in organization. Try to manage the impact of the elements of discomfort.Scientific problem: applying systematic analysis of academic and practice literature the paper discusses topical and relevant issue - crisis management in an organization. While elaborating scientific discussions the paper introduces crisis management through the efficient corporate communication as a strategic management function and employee identification in organization covering wider perspective and dealing not only with the economic aspects on crises management.The aim of the article is to conceptualize the model of crisis management in organization, the structure of which is constructed in the perspective of communication and individual \u27s social identification.In this case of the constructive methodological approach was chosen, which enabled to reveal the estimation of the subjective phenomena and to develop the researcher\u27s attitude to the researched problems. In this way, action planning based on a crisis management model may be helpful in integration the constituent parts of a strategy process developing the crisis management perspectives. The structure of the paper:<"In the first part the conceptualization of the definition of crisis in an organization has been presented. The author seeks to define crisis concept.<"In the second part the process of crisis planning and strategic management has been discussed. The author tries to describe the strategy of crisis management in an organization and seeks to accept decisions. The author illustrates a new construct of a theoretical model of crisis management in an organization. The objective effect is a preparation to have a scenario of crisis management. It is necessary to revise the strategy of company which had been executed.This theoretical viewpoint illustrates the various approach of the crisis management in an organization and modifies a new strategic determination.http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.22.1.221Pokyčiams tiek ekonominėje erdvėje, tiek pačioje organizacijoje vykti reikalinga pateikti naujų minčių: konceptualios pateikiamo reiškinio analizės ir taikomumo pavyzdžių. Negatyvios socioekonominės sąlygos organizacijoje išprovokuoja krizines situacijas, kurias privalu laiku nustatyti ir valdyti. Atsiranda strateginio valdymo neišvengiamumas. Krizių valdymas jau nebėra nauja mokslinės analizės sritis, tačiau kaip vientisas socialinis reiškinys mokslinėje literatūroje yra nepakankamai aptartas. Daugiausia aprašomi atskiri valdymo aspektai. Atskiri mokslininkai diskutuoja strateginio valdymo klausimais, tačiau reikia pastebėti, jog konceptualioje diskusijoje pasigendama išsamios sisteminės analizės ir vertinimo. Modernus gyvenimas ir ūkio segmentuose bei organizacijose atsirandančios krizinės situacijos ignoruoja tradicinius valdymo modelius, juolab kad juose daugiau analizuojama organizacijos kaip ūkio subjekto situacija.Straipsnyje autorė siekia konceptualiai pagrįsti naują krizių valdymo organizacijoje modelį. Siūlo naują teorinį konstruktą, jungiantį du naujus analizės laukus. Nagrinėjamojo socialinio reiškinio - krizių valdymo bazėje struktūruojamas naujas mokslinės diskusijos objektas.Pastaruoju metu mokslinėje literatūroje daug dėmesio skiriama įmonių krizių problematikai tirti. Tačiau daugiausia mokslinėje literatūroje aptariami ekonominiai krizės aspektai. Krizė pateikiama kaip negatyvus socialinis reiškinys. Tačiau autorė straipsnyje kviečia tyrėjus diskutuoti naujai: nustatyti krizinių reiškinių pozityvą - kviečia pozicionuoti, įvertinti naujas teigiamas galimybes bei operatyviai inicijuoti organizacijai ir jos aplinkai pozityvius sprendimus. Moksliškai diskutuojant šį socialinį reiškinį reikalinga analizuoti konceptualiai: socialiniu, ekonominiu ir strateginio valdymo lygmeniu. Šiam reiškiniui analizuoti reikalingas multidisciplininis požiūris.Šiame straipsnyje taikoma konceptuali tiriamojo reiškinio paradigma: 1) analizuojami krizių vadybos sprendimai, išryškinant efektyvios komunikacijos reikšmę krizių planavimo ir strategijos valdymo įmonėje procese; 2) aptariama darbuotojų socialinio identifikavimosi raiška ir galimybės dalyvauti krizių valdymo procese. Nagrinėjamame kontekste efektyvios komunikacijos ir socialinio identifikavimosi problema išlieka aktuali socialiniu, ekonominiu ir vadybiniu požiūriais.Mokslinė problema. Atliekant sisteminę mokslinės ir taikomosios literatūros analizę, straipsnyje grindžiamas naujas krizių valdymo modelio organizacijoje teorinis konstruktas. Mokslinė diskusija plėtojama detaliau, kuriamos naujos teorinės įžvalgos, praplečiama krizių valdymo organizacijoje analizė naujais aspektais: komunikacijos sistema ir darbuotojų socialinio identifikavimosi pozicijomis. Iki tol mokslinėje literatūroje buvo daugiau diskutuojama, išryškinant ekonominį aspektą, kai valdomos krizinės situacijos. Mokslinę problemą sustiprina šių dienų aktualijos verslo aplinkoje. Siekiant valdyti krizes, reikalinga bendradarbiauti su organizacijos aplinkos sistemomis: vidinės ir išorinės komunikacijos, darbuotojų socialinio identifikavimosi, vaidmenų derinimo, socialinių įsipareigojimų, kontrolės bei socialinės atsakomybės.Straipsnio objektas. Krizių planavimo ir valdymo strategija, konceptualiai pagrindžiama pateikiamame krizių valdymo modelyje. Straipsnio tikslas. Konceptualiai pagrįsti krizių valdymo organizacijoje modelį, struktūrizuojant jį per komunikacijos ir individo socialinio identifikavimosi prizmę. Analizės uždaviniai:• Įvertinus įvairias pateikiamas krizės sampratas ir definicijas, išryškinti krizės, atsirandančios organizacijoje, aspektus. Siekis - patikslinti krizės konceptą.• Atliekant teorinę krizių planavimo ir strateginio valdymo organizacijoje analizę, išryškinti šio proceso raišką socioekonominiame kontekste. Siekis - pateikti krizių valdymo organizacijoje strategiją, apibrėžiant visų krizę sąlygojančių aplinkų sąsajas. Įvertinus mokslinėje literatūroje aprašomų krizių valdymo modelių neišbaigtumus, siekiama sudaryti naują teorinį krizių valdymo organizacijoje modelį.Tikslui pasiekti iškelti uždaviniai, lėmę straipsnio struktūrą:< pirmoje straipsnio dalyje konceptualizuojamos krizių sampratos ir definicijos. Patikslinta krizės organizacijoje samprata;< antroje straipsnio dalyje diskutuojama apie krizių planavimą ir strateginį valdymą.Darbo metodika - sisteminė mokslinės literatūros analizė, dedukcinė logika - praktinis teorinės perspektyvos konstravimo metodas.Naujos metodologinės prieigos, analizuojant krizių valdymo procesus, kūrimas.Mokslinėje literatūroje aprašytuose klasikiniuose krizių valdymo modeliuose šis socialinis reiškinys nėra detaliai išanalizuotas. Aptariamuose modeliuose daugiau dėmesio skiriama įmonės ūkinės veiklos raiškai: aptariama kaip galima būtų valdyti bendrus įmonės patiriamus nuostolius ir priemonių diegimo sąnaudas.Krizių valdymo modeliuose nėra įvertinta komunikacijos sistema, kuri socialinėje aplinkoje reiškiasi kaip strateginė valdymo funkcija. Krizių valdymo modeliuose reikalinga įvertinti psichologinio nuovargio krizės elementus, kurie atsiranda dėl nepakankamo darbuotojų adaptavimosi, socializacijos ir bendradarbiavimo organizacijoje.Naujame krizių valdymo organizacijoje modelyje yra integruojamos dvi naujos struktūrinės dalys, atspindinčios naujas analizės sritis. Pirma -komunikacija pateikiama kaip socialinė sistema ir kaip strateginė vadybos funkcija. Ši metodologinė prieiga leidžia suprasti ir valdyti pokyčius tarp organizacijos vidinės ir išorinės aplinkos, kuria organizacijos kultūros raišką. Antra - atliekama socialinio identifikavimosi lauko konceptualizacija. Vadovaujantis tokia metodologine prieiga, galima identifikuoti ir valdyti psichologinio nuovargio krizes, stresą, adaptacijos procesą.Autorė, remdamasi metodologinėmis prieigomis, išryškinančiomis nagrinėjamojo reiškinio multidiscipliniškumą, kuria teorinę matricą. Teorinėje matricoje pateiktos siekiamų valdyti aplinkų ir situacijų aplikacijos. Kiekvienoje pozicijoje apibrėžiami atskiri valdymo etapai ir numatomi priimti sprendimai. Indukcinio mąstymo išraiška - matrica leido patikslinti mokslinėje literatūroje pateiktus krizių valdymo modelius.http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.22.1.22
Efektyvi korporacinė komunikacija: krizių vadybos sprendimai.
No full textMany business leaders agree that almost every company experiences crisis though many of them do not apply any actions to overcome it. Crisis problems are solved not in its primary stage and usually chaotic, without any strategic crisis situation or crisis management plans (Yair, Golenko-Ginzburg, Laslo, 2007; Bivainis, Tuncikiene, 2007; Ciegis, Gineitiene, 2008; Diskiene, Galiniene, Marcinskas, 2008; Kaplinski, 2008; Markovic, 2008). Even more difficult situation appears when company‘s employees as well as the internal and external environment have to be informed. Therefore it is necessary to represent the organization realistically (Tijunaitiene, Neverauskas, 2009; Deephouse, 2005), to train the specialists of knowledge management (Melnikas, 2005, 2008; Saee, 2005; Sakalas, Ciutiene, Neverauskas, 2006; Kumpikaite, 2007; Rees, 2008; Boguslauskas, Kvedaraviciene, 2008). The situation does not become easier because of the negative attitude to crises (Klein, 1981; Rosenblatt, Sheaffer, 2002; Anikin, 2008; Virbickaite, 2009). Therefore crisis solution can bring positive consequences in company‘s change (Gummensson, 1991; Heath,1994; Sakalas, Savaneviciene 2003; Garskaite, Garskiene, 2005; Adekola, Korsakiene, Tvaronaviciene, 2008; Valackiene, 2009; Startine, Remeikiene, 2009). One of them is efficient communication and conflict management during a crisis period (Varey, White, 2000; Januleviciute, Bieleviciene, Dambrava, 2003; Steyn, 2003; Talef–Viia, Alas, 2009). The efficiency of communication process is confirmed by the worldwide models designed and applied in practice (Turney, 2004; Deephouse, Carter, 2005; Neville, Bell, Mengüc, 2005; Luecke, 2007). [...]
Suinteresuotųjų šalių vaidmuo siekiant įgyvendinti įmonių socialinę atsakomybę: šio socialinio reiškinio analizės metodologiniai pagrindai.
No full textThe paper reviews and constructs a comprehensive approach and presents the theoretical insights of the interaction between a corporate social responsibility and the performance of the stakeholders, through the introduction of the methodological framework of the diagnosis of corporal social responsibility motivations among stakeholders as well as developing strategic directions to encourage the former to achieve balanced and integrated orientation in providing the issues of social corporate responsibility. While many studies provide descriptions of a firm‘s CRS motivations both within and across sectors, there is a need to bring this literature together in a way that addresses, in a systematic way, the interaction of these influences at the level of the firm (Lynes, Andracuk, 2008). Though during decades numerous aspects of CRS have been the subject of the investigation in both academic and business studies. Apparently, this implicates a shift from the pure shareholder perspective of maximizing profits and corporate value towards a broader concept that encompasses multiple stakeholder concerns and values and, thus, involves various conflicting goals and objectives (Hediger, 2010). Neither the motives tools of an enterprise to operate in the manner are clear despite the fact that it is essential that business leaders assume responsibility in order to ensure the continuance of economic order and its sane evolution (Spector, 2008). [...]
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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