211 research outputs found
LAURIAN SOMEȘAN ÎNTRE ZENIT ȘI NADIR, ADICĂ ÎNTRE EMULAȚIE IDENTITARĂ – ÎMPLINIRE PROFESIONALĂ ȘI EPURARE-MARGINALIZARE ÎN PERIOADA ALTERITĂȚII PROLETCULTISTE
No full textProfessor Laurian Someșan, a geographer formed under the leadership of George Vâlsan, the one who laid the foundations of the Cluj School of Geography, experienced a sinuous professional development due to the hardship of the times, namely the fact that Romania was assigned to the sphere of Soviet influence.
Getting himself noticed as early as on the desks of the faculty by the scholar George Vâlsan, Laurian Someșan became, in the third year of college, a preparatory assistant at the Institute of Geography of the “King Ferdinand I” University of Cluj, where he advanced in his career to the teaching degree of Senior Lecturer. Stopped in his professional ascent for obscure reasons, Laurian Someșan was transferred to the Academy of High Commercial and Industrial Studies of Cluj which was in its refuge at Brașov, due to the cession of the north-west Transylvania, to which Romania had been forced. There he reached the top of the professional hierarchy due to his won merits; he also had the position of Rector of this Academy (1947-1948).
After the abusive abolition of the monarchy, Professor Laurian Someșan gradually met the avatars of marginalization, his removal from higher education culminating with the prison regime and forced labour that was imposed to him (15 August 1952-April 1954) by the oppressive regime.
The author tries to explain the resorts that have been at the basis of these accumulated abuses
Antioxidants in Age-Related Diseases and Anti-Aging Strategies
No full textAging is a complex, only partially understood process, and is a key risk factor in the development of noncommunicable ailments that greatly impact human quality of life. One of the causes of most age-related diseases is an imbalance in the oxidation-reduction reactions, with the accumulation of reactive species, which are major contributors to cellular senescence. The book contributes to the knowledge connected to the prevention or treatment of these pathological conditions. It focuses on the mechanisms by which oxidative stress and inflammatory factors could cause the genesis and progression of age-associated diseases, and on new strategies for delaying and altering aging
Antioxidants in Age-Related Diseases and Anti-Aging Strategies
No full textAging is a complex, only partially understood process, and is a key risk factor in the development of noncommunicable ailments that greatly impact human quality of life. One of the causes of most age-related diseases is an imbalance in the oxidation-reduction reactions, with the accumulation of reactive species, which are major contributors to cellular senescence. The book contributes to the knowledge connected to the prevention or treatment of these pathological conditions. It focuses on the mechanisms by which oxidative stress and inflammatory factors could cause the genesis and progression of age-associated diseases, and on new strategies for delaying and altering aging
The Determination of the Iridoids from the Melampyrum species by Modern Chromatographic Methods
No full textThe idea of studying the iridoids from the Melampyrum bihariense Kern has started from the few data found about the chemical composition of this species. The literature mentions the presence of iridoids found in two species of Melampyrum: Melampyrum arvense and Melampyrum cristatum. The study consists of a qualitative and quantitative analysis by modern chromatographic methods, TLC.TLC coupled with photo-densitometry as well as chromatography on the high performance column (LC/MS). The methanol extract was done from the flowers and leaves of Melamphyrum bihariense. For the TLC and HPLC, the aucubin was used as standard solution. The obtained chromatogram was examined in visible light spectrum, and then it was revealed with sulphuric anisaldehyde, emphasizing the brown coloured spots. In the TLC case, the chromatographic plate was scanned with a Shimadzu CS9000 photo densitometer after spraying with iron chloride, and for the HPLC the analytical column Atlantis HILIC was used 100 mm x 3.0 mm, 3.5 ?m (water), and the ESI source of ions (electrospray ionisation). After the TLC analysis, the iridoids concentration found in the aucubin is 0.23 mg/mL in flowers and 0.24 mg/mL in leaves, and by the LC/MS method the concentration is of 1.8125 mg/ml in flowers and 2.3037 mg/ml in leaves
Comparative pharmacobotanical study of some species belonging to Cucurbitaceae family
No full textThe present thesis is following three major directions that are aimed to provide a complete study of three species belonging to Cucurbitacee family, namely Bryonia alba L., Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. et A. Gray and Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich.The first approach that is offered by this thesis is the botanical study of the three species. This is the first approach of that kind that is done for each species. Even though scientific literature offers some data on the botanical description of some of the features of these species, no complete and conclusive data on these species could be found and therefore the information that is brought hereby offer a new approach towards the characterization of the microscopic and macroscopic description of these species. The methods that are used for the microscopic study allow to bring data that are presented for the first time in this manner. It is thus the first description of the anatomical structure of reproductive organs for B. alba and the first description of all the vegetative and reproductive organs for E. obata and E. elaterium. For the trichomes of the species, the ones belonging to B. alba and E. lobata are described for the first time (the ones of B. alba are also described by SEM). Therefore, the results obtained in the botanical study are original and may complete the existing data in scientific literature and help to perform the complete and correct identification of these species.The second section of this thesis is in itself the most innovative realisation as it describes the study of the composition in flavonoids of these species. Even if the plants belonging to Cucurbitaceae family are largely known for their content of cucurbitacins, the flavonoids are lesser known and studied. They are nevertheless important compounds and the present studies were aimed to show that they might be responsible for biological activities that were never described before in scientific literature. The novelty of this study concerns therefore the HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS study of flavonoids and polyphenols, followed by their isolation by preparative HPLC-DAD. Isolated products by these techniques were subsequently analyzed in order to properly identify their structure by means of MS and NMR techniques. In the last stage, these products were used for the biological assays and were tested in order to establish their involvement in the biological activities that the total extracts exhibited.The biological activities that are assessed in this study are also novel and innovative. These plants are generally known for their cytotoxicity, as their content of cucurbitacins is largely cited. The present study showed no significant cytotoxicity for the extracts belonging to the three plants. These findings are important, as the plants that proved weak cytotoxicity (B. alba and E. lobata) are the ones that prove to contain the highest amounts of flavonoids. The only species that has proved moderate cytotoxicity is E. elaterium, the species which contains the lowest amounts of flavonoids. Another important novelty is the assessment of the anti-plasmodial activity of these plants. Even though the anti-plasmodial tests showed no activity, the results correlate with the ones obtained for the assessment of the cytotoxicity, showing that there is no cellular toxicity for these samples. It is especially the extracts of the species that are richer in flavonoids that have shown no toxicity. Subsequently, the species were studied for the antioxidant properties, as the flavonoids are well known to exhibit such properties. Our work demonstrated antioxidant properties for these species. Classical and chemical assays were used. The capacity to inhibit the activity of an enzyme was assessed on the HRP model and it was found that the most potent extracts were the ones of B. alba. Subsequently, this extract and its isolated products were tested for the global antioxidant activity on two different models, the equine isolated neutrophils ex vivo and activated with PMA and the human HL-60 monocytes transformed in macrophages and activated with PMA. All these assays are performed for the first time for the species B. alba. By justifying the involvement of these products in the redox processes, it could be justified that these products can be involved in the processes that accompany inflammation. By the different approaches that were treated in the present thesis, new and important data could be added to scientific literature regarding the three species belonging to Cucurbitaceae family. Originality and innovative contributions are found not only in the different ways of describing these species, but also in the obtained results, that can help to justify the importance of these plants as medicinal species. Therefore, Bryonia alba L., Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. et A. Gray and Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich. have proved to be important sources of bioactive compounds and may have an important potential in the treatment of different disorders. Nevertheless, their absence of toxicity should be confirmed with more samples and in vivo studies
KINETICS OF DAPAGLIFLOZIN 10 MG IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLET IN HEALTHY CAUCASIAN VOLUNTEERS: DOES FOOD INTAKE AFFECT ITS DISPOSITION IN THE BODY?
No full textThe aim of the current study was to investigate whether food intake alters the kinetics of dapaglliflozin, a modern anti-diabetic agent, after single-dose oral administration of a new 10 mg immediate release tablet. The evaluated formulation was developed and manufactured by Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited, India, and the studies were performed in healthy Caucasian subjects. The data obtained during the fasting and fed bioequivalence studies were analyzed to observe the influence of food on the bioavailability and disposition of the evaluated formulation. Although differences were observed between studies concerning some of the main parameters that describe dapagliflozin’s disposition (maximum plasma concentration – Cmax, and the time to reach it -Tmax), they were proved bioequivalent. The 90% confidence intervals for the evaluated parameters were within the accepted range of 80.00-125.00% for bioequivalence conclusion, therefore the treatments are bioequivalent (dapagliflozin with/without food) and interchangeable. Hence, dapagliflozin can be administered regardless of food intake in diabetic patients
Phytochemical Analysis of Isoflavons from some Fabaceae Species Extracts
No full textPhytoestrogens are natural compounds synthesized almost exclusively by plants of the Fabaceae family. To find new sources of phytoestrogens, we analyzed the isoflavons from different extracts obtained from plants of the Romanian spontaneous flora belonging to the Fabaceae family: Genistella sagittalis, Genista tinctoria, Cytisus albus, Coronilla varia, Lotus cornyculatus and Dorycnium herbaceum. The qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The hydroalcoholic extracts were obtained by sonication in 10 minutes at 60C. They were analyzed before and after hydrolysis. Some of the studied extracts presented a decreased level of isoflavons: Cytisus albus, Coronilla varia, Lotus cornyculatus and Dorycnium herbaceum. Other extracts were found rich in isoflavons. The high quantities from heterosides (daidzin, genistin, ononin) and aglycons (daidzein, genistein and formononetin) were found in Genistella sagittalis and Genista tinctoria. The results obtained for hydrolyzed extracts are inconclusive
LC-MS/MS METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF DIAZOLIC ANTHELMINTIC DRUG LEVELS FROM SHEEP AND HUMAN PLASMA FOR USE IN PHARMACOKINETIC AND BIOAVAILABILITY STUDIES
No full text
ABSTRACT. A new high-throughput, inexpensive and selective LC-MS method for determining fenbendazole, albendazole and albendazole sulfoxide from human and ovine plasma was developed and validated in accordance with current guidelines in bioanalysis. Analytes (fenbendazole, albendazole, albendazole sulfoxide) and internal standard (fluconazole) were separated on a Gemini NX-C18 analytical column in reversed phase chromatography in gradient elution using mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and aquenous 0.2% formic acid with a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. After positive electrospray ionization analytes were detected in the mass spectrometer in selected reaction monitoring mode, monitoring fragment ion m/z 268.05 from m/z 300.08 for fenbendazole, ion m/z 234.07 from m/z 266.09 for albendazole, ion m/z 240.04 from m/z 282.09 for albendazole sulfoxide and ion m/z 220.06 from m/z 307.60 for fluconazole. Sample preparation was performed using protein precipitation. Validation of the analytical method was performed with respect to selectivity, stability, linearity (r>0.9901), precision (RSD<12.9%) and accuracy (bias<12.7%) over the concentration ranges of 5-250 ng/mL for each analyte (lower limit of quantification was 5 ng/mL for all analytes). The analytical method is simple, versatile and suitable for bioanalysis of these azole anthelmintic drugs from human and ovine samples, and applicable in pharmacokinetic studies involving fenbendazole and albendazole
KINETIC MODELING APPROACH TO IN VIVO INTERACTIONS OF CURCUMIN AND CURCUMINOID-PIPERINE MIXTURE WITH QUETIAPINE
No full textThis study aimed to develop kinetic models that describe the preclinical drug interaction data between quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic, and bioactive compounds derived from turmeric rhizome. The potential risk of interaction between these substances could alter the disposition of quetiapine and impact its efficacy. During the development of the kinetic models, first-order kinetic processes were assumed, and several hypotheses were evaluated, including the number of compartments for distribution, the presence of lag time in quetiapine absorption, the presystemic formation of its metabolite, and the relative bioavailability between the study groups. The most accurate models suggest that interactions between quetiapine and curcumin occur primarily at the intestinal level, as the systemic metabolism constant remained unaltered. Conversely, coadministration with curcuminoids and piperine markedly affected systemic metabolism, likely due to hepatic enzyme inhibition, resulting in a 59.6% increase in the relative bioavailability of quetiapine. The developed models successfully integrated data for quetiapine and norquetiapine, both as standalone administration and in combination with curcumin or curcuminoid-piperine bioactive compounds, capturing their disposition within the framework of pharmacokinetic interactions
Natural Resources Containing Arbutin. Determination of Arbutin in the Leaves of Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch. acclimated in Romania
No full textBergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch. is cited in literature as being one of the richest in arbutin (15-20%), an important pharmaceutical substance with disinfecting properties (in genitourinary diseases) and also depigmentation properties (skin whitening agent). The aim of this study consisted in determination of arbutin content in leaves of Bergenia crassifolia acclimated in Romania. The optimum parameters for the extraction of arbutin and the dynamics of the accumulation of arbutin in Bergenia crassifolia leaves during the four seasons were also studied. The content of arbutin varied between 17.44% and 22.59% dry weight, values which are similar to those found in literatur
- …
