1,721,138 research outputs found
Gender differences in the relationship between attachment styles, self-esteem and online deception: A mediation model
Get PDFOnline Deception is growing as a topic of research due to its potential risks for mental health and behaviors. This study explored the relationships between attachment styles and intentional misrepresentation of oneself in online dating (i.e., online deception) and investigated the mediating role of self-esteem. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with voluntary Italian participants (N = 272) to test the proposed hypotheses. It was found that anxious attachment styles positively predicted online deception. Also, self-esteem was found to be mediator between anxious attachment styles and online deception, as well as between close attachment styles and online deception. Our results demonstrate the need to develop prevention interventions that target individuals’ styles of attachment that in turn foster self-esteem which co-contribute to promote a sensible and healthy use of online dating
Prenatal parental representations: Influences on perceived romantic couple adjustment and infant's temperament during pregnancy and after the infant's birth
Get PDFObjective: The present work aimed to evaluate the differences between fathers' and mothers' prenatal parental representations, the differences between pre- and postnatal perceptions of couple adjustment, and whether the quality of prenatal parental representations is associated with the perception of couple adjustment and with the perception of infant temperament at 3 months. Background: Within a multifactorial, transactional model, several studies indicated that prenatal parental representations are relevant to the quality of infant–parent relationship and the child's development. Method: Couples experiencing their first pregnancy (n = 40) (mothers: Mage = 33.7 years, SD = 5,1 years; fathers: (Mage = 37.4 years, SD = 5.6 years) responded to the Parental Representations Interview During Pregnancy and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale during the seventh month of pregnancy. When couples' infant was 3 months of age, the parents completed the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-R to assess infant temperament. Results: Analyses revealed that mothers and fathers who had an unbalanced and unintegrated parental representation perceived their couple adjustment as less cohesive, and this was related to a more negative perception of the child's temperament. Conclusions: Prenatal parental representations were found to be a significant variable in terms of their influence on the quality of pre- and postnatal parents' romantic couple adjustment and on the infant's temperament. Implications: It is important to include both mothers and fathers to further our understanding of parental influence on a child's development and to enhance the efficacy of preventive programs since pregnancy
Maternità e migrazione: rischio psicosociale e sintomi depressivi nel periodo del post partum
No full textDue to the phenomenon of immigration, many women live motherhood far from their places of origin. The perinatal period is a very complex phase of life and literature shows that the process of transition to motherhood may be at higher risk for immigrant women. The study aims to compare the prevalence of depres- sive and anxious symptoms, the quality of social support, and the main risk fac- tors for perinatal mental distress in immigrant and Italian women in the first months after childbirth. Italian (N=308) and immigrant (N=108) women attend- ing vaccination services, were administered a psychosocial risk form, the Edin- burgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Analyses showed higher prevalence of depressive symptoms and increased psychosocial risks in immigrant women. Statistically significant differ- ences were found with respect to younger age, increased number of children, ab- sence of partner, lower social support, lower education, unemployment, and limit- ed use of local services. The results of the study confirmed that immigrant women are at higher risk of experiencing emotional distress in the postpartum and high- lighted the co-presence of different personal, family and contextual risk factors. These indicators can be useful in forging effective interventions aimed at reach- ing foreign women
Reflective function in first-time mothers and fathers: Association with infant temperament and parenting stress
No full textObjective. - Infant temperament is biologically determined. However, there is increasing proof that environmental factors may also have a relevant influence. The present study focuses on the role of parental reflective function (RF; Fonagy et al., 1998), that is, the psychological basis of emotion regulation.Methods. - RF was assessed in 40 low-risk first-time parents during the seventh month of pregnancy, using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI; Main, Goldwyn, & Hesse, 1984-2002). At the baby's sixth month, parents responded to the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (Gartstein & Rothbart, 2003), aimed to evaluate the child's perceived temperament and the Parenting Stress Index-SF (Abidin, 1995). Parents' depression was measured with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS; Benvenuti et al., 1999).Results. - No difference was found between mothers and fathers regarding RF and depression scores. Self-reported depression was associated with lower scores of RF. Lower RF during pregnancy was associated with higher child dysfunctional interaction in both mothers and fathers. Also, lower maternal RF was associated with higher perceived infant sadness whereas lower paternal RF was associated with higher infant negative affectivity.Conclusions. - Early parenting programs should enhance maternal and paternal reflective functioning to promote sensitive caregiving behaviors and support the child's development. (C) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved
Attachment style and mental health during the later stages of COVID‐19 pandemic: the mediation role of loneliness and COVID-19 anxiety
Get PDFBackground: An insecure attachment style is an important risk factor for psychological problems. The aim of this study was to use Bartholomew and Horowitz’s model (Bartholomew and Horowitz in J Pers Soc Psychol 61(2): 226, 2019) to test a sample of Italian individuals to determine the mediation role of loneliness and COVID-19-related anxiety symptoms in the relationship between attachment styles and mental health issues in the context of the pandemic. Method: A cross-sectional research study was conducted using a sample of 330 Italian participants (82.1% women; mean age = 34.3 years; SD = 13.16) who completed online self-reported measures of attachment styles (RQ), loneliness (RULS), COVID-19-related anxiety symptoms (C-19ASS) and mental health problems (GHQ-12). Serial mediation analyses were performed, and bootstrap tests were included. Results: Our results supported the hypothesized model with respect to each attachment style (p < 0.001). In particular, insecure attachment styles predict mental health problems both directly and indirectly, through loneliness and COVID-19-related anxiety symptoms. In addition, loneliness directly influences mental health problems and also mediates the relationship between insecure attachment styles and COVID-19-related anxiety symptoms which, in turn, positively predict mental health problems. Conclusions: Our findings reinforce the importance of attachment in people’s processes of adapting to experiences during the coronavirus pandemic. The study makes an important contribution to developing effective prevention and intervention strategies to support people’s wellbeing in the context of the pandemic
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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