1,720,992 research outputs found
PRK transepiteliale a guida topografica per la correzione di astigmatismi irregolari dopo cheratoplastica perforante
No full textScopo del lavoro: Descrivere l'efficacia e la sicurezza della cheratectomia fotorifrattiva (PRK) transepiteliale a guida topografica per la correzione di astigmatismi altamente irregolari dopo la cheratoplastica perforante (PK).
Materiali e metodi: Studio prospettico su 12 occhi di 12 pazienti affetti da astigmatismo altamente irregolare dopo PK per cheratocono. Ogni paziente è stato sottoposto a un'ablazione transepiteliale a guida topografica (software CIPTA®2, iVis Technologies). Sono stati raccolti i dati della tomografia corneale, l'acuità visiva corretta (CDVA) e non corretta (UDVA) e l'equivalente sferico (SEQ) prima dell'intervento (T0) e poi a 1 mese (T1), 3 mesi (T2) e 12 mesi (T3) dopo l'intervento laser.
Risultati: L’UDVA e la CDVA medie sono migliorate significativamente, rispettivamente, da 1.22±0.17 e 0.18±0.03 logMAR al T0, arrivando a 0.63±0.17 (CI 95%, P <0.001) e 0.04±0.03 logMAR al T3 (CI 95%, p<0.001). Lo SEQ medio è diminuito significativamente da -3.75±1.32 a -1.60±1.32 D (CI 95%, p<0,02). L'astigmatismo rifrattivo soggettivo medio (SRAST) e l'astigmatismo alla cheratometria simulata (SimK) sono diminuiti significativamente, rispettivamente, da 7.83±0.98 e 8.10±1.48 D a 2.83±0.98 e 5.29±1.48 D (CI 95%, p<0,001). L'indice di irregolarità morfologica corneale (CMI) è diminuito significativamente da 62.76±7.26 μm a 23.24±7.26 μm (CI 95%, p<0.001). A parte un singolo episodio di rigetto dell'innesto 5 giorni dopo l'ablazione, ripristinato con successo con steroidi topici, non sono state notate altre complicazioni. Un lieve haze corneale è stato osservato in due occhi (16.7%) a 3 mesi dopo la PRK.
Discussione e conclusioni: Il nostro studio dimostra la sicurezza e l'efficacia a lungo termine di un'ablazione transepiteliale a guida topografica nel trattamento dell'astigmatismo altamente irregolare dopo PK
Comment on "Keratoprosthesis in dry eye disease"
Get PDFWe have identified a few inaccuracies that we would like to clarify to enhance the quality of the work in dry eye disease
Misleading citations and publication bias in COVID‐19 in ophthalmology
Get PDFIn this letter, we address how misrepresentation of scientific findings can lead to an overestimation of a medical issue, a phenomenon exacerbated when the scientific community is eager for information on a novel pathogen. As an example, we present what occurred in a study we conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak on 46 patients with severe pneumonia. Our findings showed no retinal changes attributable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, 41.7% of articles citing our work over the past two years misrepresented our findings to support claims of COVID-19-related retinal involvement. We highlight the fallacy of inferring causation from coincidental occurrences, particularly during a pandemic when widespread infection increases the likelihood of unrelated conditions appearing together. With no definitive evidence linking SARS-CoV-2 to retinal pathology after four years, we stress the importance of publishing negative results and ensuring citation accuracy to uphold scientific integrity
New disposable esthesiometer (KeraSenseR) to improve diagnosis and management of neurotrophic keratitis
No full textPurpose
To validate the use, repeatability, and reproducibility of a new, cost-effective, disposable, sterile device (KeraSenseR, Dompè farmaceutici SpA, Milan Italy) compared to Cochet-Bonnet (CB) esthesiometer. Secondly, to identify a simple, safe, rapid, and low-cost test to diagnose neurotrophic keratitis (NK).
Methods
16 patients with diagnosis of NK stage I, 25 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and 26 healthy subjects were included in the study. Corneal sensitivity (CS) was assessed by CB and KeraSenseR. Repeatability, accuracy, and reproducibility of the novel disposable aesthesiometer were assessed. Specificity, sensitivity, and cut-off value for NK diagnosis were calculated by ROC curve analysis.
Results
All NK patients showed a CS ≤ 40 mm, while none of the healthy patients showed a CS value < 50 mm. Significant agreement was found between CB measurements and the single use esthesiometer evaluations of CS (p < 0.001). Repeatability evaluations of the single use esthesiometer showed 100% agreement between different measurements (p < 0.001). Reproducibility evaluations showed 99.6% concordance between different operators (p < 0.001). A 55 mm value of the single use esthesiometer was adequate to exclude an NK diagnosis, while all NK patients showed a value ≤ 35 mm.
Conclusions
Corneal hypo/anaesthesia is considered the hallmark of NK. The use of the novel single-use esthesiometer will allow for a diagnostic improvement in NK, sparing time and guaranteeing patients’ safety. Diabetic patients despite normal corneal findings may show impairment of CS, suggesting a preclinical stage of NK, requiring a close follow-up
COMPARISON BETWEEN SCLERAL BUCKLING AND VITRECTOMY IN THE ONSET OF CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA AND EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE AFTER RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR
Get PDFPURPOSE: To investigate the incidence and risk factors for the main complications in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated with scleral buckling (SB) or pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). METHODS: A retrospective, comparative, observational study was conducted. The medical records of 107 patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment who were managed with SB (n = 57) or PPV (n = 50) were reviewed. Scleral buckling was performed using scleral encircling solid silicone band and circumferential solid silicone exoplant to support the break. Pars plana vitrectomy was combined with phacoemulsification in phakic eyes and with scleral encircling in inferior detachments. Follow-ups, including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography examination, were scheduled at 1, 3, and 12 months after surgery. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for potential preoperative selection bias. RESULTS: The overall incidence of postoperative cystoid macular edema (CME) and epiretinal membrane was 14.95% and 30.84%, respectively. Compared with SB, CME was more frequent in the PPV (P = 0.021) and in the PPV pseudophakic eyes (P = 0.027). Postoperative CME was an early, predominantly transient complication and regressed in 67% of SB and in 77% of PPV eyes within 12 months after surgery. No differences were observed regarding epiretinal membrane development. Except for the surgical technique, no preoperative factors associated with CME were identified. A correlation between epiretinal membrane and patients' age was found (P = 0.028). CONCLUSION: The incidence of CME after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair was higher in patients who underwent PPV, either alone or combined with phacoemulsification, than in those treated with SB. Epiretinal membrane development was correlated to older age, regardless of the surgical procedure
Sex and gender-related issues in heart failure
No full textUnderstanding the role of sex- and gender-related factors, when dealing with a global growing epidemic such as heart failure, is a much needed and unmet goal for health care providers and scientists in order to design targeted strategies, aimed at improving both clinical and patient reported outcomes measures in women and men with heart failure. The present review provides an overview of the current available evidence on sex- and gender-related differences in heart failure
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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