1,720,954 research outputs found
Etude des murs de soutènement en maçonnerie de pierres sèches
No full textLa maçonnerie de pierres sèches (pierres disposées sans liant) fait partie des techniques séculaires que l\u27on trouve, sous diverses formes, dans la plupart des régions du globe. Dans les pays d\u27Europe méditerranéenne, bien que la pierre sèche ne soit plus que rarement utilisée, le bâti existant constitue un enjeu économique important (artisanat, tourisme, environnement, agriculture). Ce patrimoine est voué à la ruine sans réaction des institutions concernées : le contexte économique n\u27est pas favorable au travail de main d\u27oeuvre, les savoir-faire se perdent et il n\u27existe ni cadre réglementaire ni méthode de dimensionnement officiellement reconnus. Ce mémoire de thèse vise donc à fournir les éléments scientifiques nécessaires pour (re)prendre en compte cette technique alternative de construction. Nous avons choisi une approche pragmatique, en considérant que le mur en pierres sèches fonctionne comme un mur poids (ce qui suppose le respect des règles de l\u27art en matière de pierres sèches). Ceci permet de s\u27appuyer sur la connaissance déjà établie en matière de murs poids monolithes. Ensuite, nous déterminons les limites au-delà desquelles le mur n\u27a plus un comportement en petits déplacements, en considérant les ruptures internes propres à ce type de murs (par approche micro-macro). Après avoir défini les coefficients de stabilité décrivant ces ruptures internes, nous avons mené une étude essentiellement expérimentale, en laboratoire et in-situ, avec entre autres la réalisation de cinq murs d\u27échelle 1 chargés jusqu\u27à la rupture. Ces essais ont validé la méthode de calcul proposée, tout en donnant les valeurs des paramètres nécessaires pour le calcul de stabilité (poids volumique de la maçonnerie, angle de frottement interne global, rotation locale)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Etude des murs de soutènement en maçonnerie de pierres sèches
No full textLa maçonnerie de pierres sèches (pierres disposées sans liant) fait partie des techniques séculaires que l'on trouve, sous diverses formes, dans la plupart des régions du globe. Dans les pays d'Europe méditerranéenne, bien que la pierre sèche ne soit plus que rarement utilisée, le bâti existant constitue un enjeu économique important (artisanat, tourisme, environnement, agriculture). Ce patrimoine est voué à la ruine sans réaction des institutions concernées : le contexte économique n'est pas favorable au travail de main d'oeuvre, les savoir-faire se perdent et il n'existe ni cadre réglementaire ni méthode de dimensionnement officiellement reconnus. Ce mémoire de thèse vise donc à fournir les éléments scientifiques nécessaires pour (re)prendre en compte cette technique alternative de construction. Nous avons choisi une approche pragmatique, en considérant que le mur en pierres sèches fonctionne comme un mur poids (ce qui suppose le respect des règles de l'art en matière de pierres sèches). Ceci permet de s'appuyer sur la connaissance déjà établie en matière de murs poids monolithes. Ensuite, nous déterminons les limites au-delà desquelles le mur n'a plus un comportement en petits déplacements, en considérant les ruptures internes propres à ce type de murs (par approche micro-macro). Après avoir défini les coefficients de stabilité décrivant ces ruptures internes, nous avons mené une étude essentiellement expérimentale, en laboratoire et in-situ, avec entre autres la réalisation de cinq murs d'échelle 1 chargés jusqu'à la rupture. Ces essais ont validé la méthode de calcul proposée, tout en donnant les valeurs des paramètres nécessaires pour le calcul de stabilité (poids volumique de la maçonnerie, angle de frottement interne global, rotation locale).Dry-stone walling is an ancient and widespread form of construction found all over the world. Dry-stone walls are built without the use of mortar by stacking uncut stone rubble blocks. Though occasionally cut or sawn, stones are generally left rough except for occasional dressing using a hammer. Built by skilled masons, these walls rely on careful selection and positioning of stones for their integrity. Dry-stone walls are mostly found in hilly and arid regions where there is a plentiful supply of the basic raw material. The advantages are numerous : saving of energy, saving of water which is very important for arid regions, saving of transportation by using local materials, valorisation of skilled masons, preservation of landscapes. However, the practical and technical knowledge has been lost. In the developing countries, the ancient forms of construction are despised. In the developed countries, the economical context do not promote labour force work and there is few data in terms of research, engineering codes or specifications. With the rising of Environment concerns, there is a new demand for repairing the existing walls and even for reintroducing some in current civil work. In this context, this work aims at justifying the stability and the traditional technology for dry-stone retaining walls. First, we choose a pragmatic approach, by considering dry-stone retaining walls as gravity walls. We can therefore use the existing knowledge concerning the stability of monolithic gravity walls. Then, we check the internal stability of such walls by a simple model based on force equilibrium, taking into account a local rotation of the stones on the sliding area. We were able to fit the model with small scale experiments and full scale experiments (five dry-stone retaining walls loaded with water pressure). The last experimental results provided friction data needed. By knowing the limits of the monolithic behaviour of these walls, it s then possible to provide engineering specifications.VILLEURBANNE-DOC'INSA LYON (692662301) / SudocSudocFranceF
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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