1,720,993 research outputs found
Profilassi immunitaria della rabbia. Nota I - Valutazione sperimentale del potere antigene di un vaccino avianizzato
No full textRaccomandazioni per la gestione del rischio nei cantieri ospedalieri: linee guida internazionali
No full textUn cantiere di ristrutturazione interagisce in molti modi con l’ospedale esponendo ad un notevole pericolo i pazienti critici, soprattutto se gravemente immundepressi. A questo proposito qualificati Enti si sono espressi producendo specifiche raccomandazioni operative, finalizzate a definire un modello proattivo di gestione del rischio, definito come ICRA (infection control risk assessment). Tale modello, basandosi sulla valutazione della pericolosità del cantiere, della vulnerabilità dei pazienti e del livello di esposizione di questi ultimi, permette di costruire matrici di rischio, definire gli interventi da attuare e fissare una gerarchia di priorità. Trattandosi di un lavoro multidisciplinare, prima di scegliere una qualsiasi soluzione tecnica ed organizzativa, sarà indispensabile costituire un gruppo di lavoro multidiscipliare, costituito da personale tecnico, sanitario ed amministrativo, per stabilire di concerto misure preventive e protettive da adottare prima, durante e dopo la realizzazione dei lavori
Epidemiologia e prevenzione delle infezioni da Hiv/Aids alla vigilia della VI Campagna nazionale informativo-educativa.
No full textDetection of fungal contamination: surface sampling with a dusting cloth improves quantitative recovery of aspergilli.
No full textBackground. The health-care facility environment can be implicated in disease transmission in immunocompromised patients. Exposure of such patients to moulds can result in fatal infections. Incidence of hospital -acquired aspergillosis can be minimized by adherence to ventilation standards for specialized care environments, appropriate maintenance and careful cleaning of patient environment. Mycological control is also recommended in protective environments or operating rooms mainly during building renovation, by air sampling but also surface sampling, an efficient method to detect minor fungal contamination.
Objective. To make surface sampling easier and to reduce surveillance costs, we developed a simple technique using sterile dusting paper cloths. To validate this method, we used an experimental protocol to evaluate ability of the system to capture fungal conidia, in comparison with two other methods, Rodac Contact plates and cotton pads.
Materials/method. Aspergillus niger was chosen as organism test. A reference suspension of conidia (0.5 McFarland) was prepared with serial dilutions (1/30, 1/40, 1/50, 1/100) to contaminate sterile stainless steel plates (n=18), each 30 by 30 cm. Each one was divided into 16 smaller squares: 0.5 ml of the suspension was placed in the centre of each square and allowed to dry. Thus, 288 square surfaces were contaminated. From 96 of these, Rodac plates were used to harvest the spores; from another 96 the cotton pads were used, and from the last 96 the dusting cloths were used and inseminated in Petri plates. The remaining stainless steel plates were used to repeat the experiment (dilutions 1/40 and 1/50) with agar neutralised with lecithin and polysorbate 80. All the plates were incubated at 37°C for 18 h. For the statistical analyses, the data were transformed using the natural logarithm. Multiple log-linear regression was used to estimate the differences between the 3 methods, between the 4 dilutions, and the effect of neutralisation.
Results. The mean number of colonies was approximately the same for each method at dilution 1/100. At dilutions 1/50, 1/40 and 1/30 the mean number of colonies is much higher for the cotton pads and dusting cloths than for Rodac. The multiple regression showed that neutralization reduces the number of colonies by 12% (not significant P=0.07). In comparison with dilution 1/50, the number of colonies recovered at dilutions 1/40 and 1/30 were slightly increased, by 13% and 6% respectively (not significant P=0.09 and P=0.52). However, in comparison with Rodac plates, both cotton pads and dusting cloths identified many more of colonies, 5 times as many and 6 times as many respectively (highly significant P<0.00005).
Conclusions. This method using dusting cloths for surface sampling is able to take samples on every type of surface (smooth, mesh, flat, curved) and to have all information about contamination taking only one sample from the area (air ventilation outlets, filters, patient’s bed, scialitic lamp..). We showed that this device improves quantitative recovery of A. niger from stainless steel surfaces. Although these results are preliminary, we think that this sampling method could contribute an easy, sensitive and inexpensive approach to environmental control
Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B in pediatric age. Studies conducted in the city of Rome [Sieroepidemiologia dell'epatite B in età pediatrica. Indagine condotta nella città di Roma.]
No full textTHE AIR QUALITY IN OPERATING ROOMS
No full textGli autori descrivono i risultati di un'indagine sull'inquinamento da gas anestetici nelle sale operatorie di un ospedale romano. lo studio analizza l'andamento dell'inquinamento nel tempo, prima e dopo l'attuazione di una serie di interventi finalizzati alla riduzione delle concentrazioni ambientali
Need for review of the ministerial directive concerning anti-rabies prophylaxis in the light of recent epidemiological evidence.
No full textWill be added ASA
General practice and preventive activities in a Local Health Unit in Lazio // Medicina di base ed attività di prevenzione in una USL del Lazio
No full textThe Authors describe the results of a survey addressed to evaluate GP's opinions and behaviours regarding prevention. The GP's report they offer health informations about cardiovascular diseases and diabetes very often (score 3.6 and 3.4) and junior doctors (under 45 year) satisfy this request significantly more than senior doctors (p = 0.0057). The GP's consider their clinics the best place were to carry out health promotion activities (score: 3.8) and 85% of them would like to have a health promotion centre within their District (in italian: Local Health Unit), mainly to increase the coordination of GP's activities
Presentazione di una metodica alternativa per la sorveglianza dei biocontaminanti sulle superfici.
No full text- …
