1,720,966 research outputs found
Association between longitudinal weight change and clinical outcome in individuals with MASLD
No full textBackground: weight control remains the cornerstone for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) management. We assessed the relationships between dynamic weight change and the risk of liver-related events (LREs) and liver stiffness changes in MASLD.Methods: by enrolling adult MASLD individuals with ≥2 weight measurements from 16 tertiary referral centers, we assessed how longitude weight change, including the following categories (stable ≤5% change, weight loss >5% decrease, weight gain >5% increase) and changing status of obesity (persistent non-obesity, persistent obesity, transition from non-obesity to obesity, transition from obesity to non-obesity), were associated with LREs. Analyses were undertaken with multivariable linear regressions, Cox proportional hazards regression and logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, baseline BMI, hypertension, T2D, LSM, CAP, and SGLT-2i/GLP-1RAs usage. Analyses between weight change and liver stiffness change were also undertaken.Results: 10,014 MASLD individuals with ≥2 weight measurements were included. Over a measurement interval of 29.2 months, 123 LREs occurred during 12.4 months follow-up after the final weight assessment. Weight gain >5% was associated with increased risk of LREs (aHR=1.84(95%CI:1.01-3.09), P=0.020) and liver stiffness progression (aOR=2.07(95%CI:1.55–2.74), P<0.001), while weight loss >5% exhibited liver stiffness improvement. Although those who progressed to or persisted with obesity, had higher LREs risk, obesity reversal had a comparable LREs risk (aHR=1.44(95%CI:0.57–3.61), P=0.435) to the persistent non-obese.Conclusions: in MASLD, weight gain is associated with increased LREs risks and liver stiffness progression. Conversely, weight loss confers benefits for liver stiffness improvement and modifies LREs risk in those who achieve obesity reversal
From "burnt-out" to "burning-out": capturing liver fat loss in patients with advanced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease from a dynamic perspective
No full textBackground & aims: the absence of hepatic fat in advanced fibrosis has been documented in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (''burnt-out" MASLD). However, whether there has been a continuous process of fat loss is controversial. We proposed a "burning-out" concept to describe this process and analyze the long-term outcomes of "burnt-out" and "burning-out".Methods: we included a MASLD cohort from 16 centers, including 3273 individuals with baseline histology and 5455 with serial vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) measurements during follow-up. "Burnt-out" was defined by steatosis grade ≤ S1 and fibrosis stage ≥ F3. Trajectory analysis identified "burning-out" patients with decreasing liver fat [decreasing controlled attenuation parameter (CAP)] and fibrosis progression [increasing liver stiffness measurement (LSM)].Results: of 3273 patients with histological evaluation included, 435 were presumed to have "burnt-out" MASLD. Compared to those with pronounced steatosis in advanced fibrosis, patients with "burnt-out" had higher risks of all-cause mortality (HR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.14 to 4.02), liver-related events (LREs) (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.78), and hepatic decompensation (HR, 1.83, 95% CI, 1.11 to 3.01). Of 5455 patients with VCTEs included for trajectory analysis, 176 were identified as "burning-out" MASLD. The incidence rates of all-cause mortality, LREs, and decompensation were 7.28, 26.47, and 21.92 per 1000 person-years in "burning-out" patients, respectively. The "burning-out" group had higher cumulative incidences of adverse outcomes than patients with consistently high CAP and moderate/low LSM values (P <0.0001). Conclusion: continuous process of fat loss, referred to as "burning-out", was observed in advanced MASLD and is associated with high rates of all-cause mortality, LREs and hepatic decompensation.<br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and the risk of liver fibrosis progression and liver-related events in MASLD
No full text<br/
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Effect of antidiabetic drug classes on the risk of liver-related events in individuals with T2D and MASLD
No full textBackground: we investigated the use of type 2 diabetes (T2D) medications, including pioglitazone, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, in individuals with T2D and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and explored the effect of these medications on long-term risk of liver-related events (LREs) and progression of liver stiffness in a retrospective cohort study.Methods: we enrolled 7867 individuals with T2D and MASLD from 16 tertiary referral centers between February 2004 and January 2023. We recorded the use of pioglitazone, GLP-1RAs, and SGLT-2 inhibitors and analyzed the effects of these antihyperglycemic medications on the risk of developing incident LREs and the progression of liver stiffness over a median of 5.1 years of follow-up.Results: pioglitazone, GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors were prescribed to 1238 (15.7%), 863 (11.0%), and 2386 (30.3%) individuals with T2D and MASLD, respectively. A significant increase in the utilization of GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2 inhibitors was observed from 2010–2017 to 2017–2023, with pioglitazone and SGLT-2 inhibitors being prescribed more frequently in Asian countries than in Western countries (pioglitazone: 17.9% vs 3.8%; SGLT-2 inhibitors: 34.4% vs 7.3%; P < .001). After propensity score matching, in competing risk models, SGLT-2 inhibitor use was significantly associated with a lower risk of developing both LREs (subdistribution hazard ratio, 0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.08–0.69, P = .009) and liver stiffness progression (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.35–0.86, P = .008) after adjusting for potential confounders.Conclusions: SGLT-2 inhibitor use is more prevalent among Asian than Western individuals. SGLT-2 inhibitors are associated with a lower risk of LREs in individuals with T2D and MASLD
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