1,720,982 research outputs found
Diversity and distribution of sand flies (Diptera, Phlebotominae) in Serbia
Get PDFFlebotomine (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) su veoma mali insekti nežne građe, koji su kod nas poznati kao peščane mušice ili papatači. Ženke ovih insekata imaju hematofagni režim ishrane i od davnina su poznate kao vektori različitih oboljenja. Najveći epidemiološki značaj flebotomine imaju kao vektori parazitskih protozoa iz roda Leishmania (Protozoa, Kinetoplastida) uzročnika lajšmanioza. Pored lajšmanioza, peščane mušice su vektori više vrsta arbovirusa, od kojih su svakako najznačajniji napuljski i sicilijanski serotipovi (Phlebovirus, Bunyaviridae) koji kod ljudi izazivaju flebotomsku tj. papatačijevu/papatačku groznicu. Peščane mušice su u Srbiji igrale veoma značajnu ulogu u drugoj polovini XX veka u period velikih epidemija lajšmanioze i papatačijeve groznice. Istraživanja peščanih mušica na teritoriji Republike Srbije sprovedena su u periodu od 1947. do 1990. godine. Tom prilikom registrovano je prisustvo 7 vrsta: Phlebotomus papatasi, P. neglectus, P. tobbi, P. perfiliewi s.l., P. sergenti s.l., P. simici i P. balcanicus. Nakon što je uočeno da broj peščanih mušica iz godine u godinu opada kao i da nema novih prijavljenih slučajeva lajšmanioze, istraživanja peščanih mušica u Srbiji su obustavljena. Pored toga što se u našoj državi lajšmanioza smatra davno iskorenjenom bolesti, u protekloj deceniji prisustvo sporadičnih slučajeva lajšmanioze kod ljudi, povećan broj registrovanih slučajeva autohtone lajšmanioze kod pasa kao i sumnja da je prisutan određeni broj nedijagnostikovanih tj. asimptomatskih slučajeva ukazali su na mogućnost cirkulacije bolesti u Srbiji. Obzirom da je lajšmanioza oboljenje čiji se prouzrokovač prenosi isključivo uz pomoć vektora, a da su za sada jedini potvrđeni vektori peščane mušice, počevši od 2013. godine, nakon više decenijske pauze, u okviru ove disertacije ponovo je uspostavljen entomološki nadzor ovih insekata. Entomološki nadzor otpočeo je 2013. godine prvo na teritoriji Autonomne Pokrajine Vojvodine, a već 2014. godine je proširen na jugoistočnu Srbiju i 2015. godine na zapadnu Srbiju sa Šumadijom. U periodu od 2013. do 2016. godine registrovano je prisustvo 10 vrsta peščanih mušica od kojih su 7 predhodno registrovane vrste a 3 vrste su nove za faunu Srbije. Dobijeni rezultati daju uvid u faunistički sastav flebotomina nakon višedecenijskog jaza u istraživanjima. U okviru ove disertacije dati su morfološki prikazi adulta, pregled distribucije i brojnosti za svih deset vrsta prisutnih u Srbiji. Pored toga izrađen je prvi ključ na srpskom jeziku za morfološku determinaciju odraslih mužjaka i ženki vrsta prisutnih u Srbiji, kao i vrsta koje se potencijalno mogu naći na teritoriji Republike Srbije. Determinacija na osnovu morfoloških karakteristika prvi put je potvrđena sekvencioniranjem COI regiona mitohondrijalnog gena i dobijene sekvence za vrste P. papatasi, P. neglectus, P. perfiliewi, P. tobbi, P. mascittii i P. balcanicus iz Srbije priključene su banci podataka GenBank. Prvi put je vršena analiza proteinskog spektra MALDI-TOF metodom i dobijeni rezultati za vrste P. neglectus, P. perfiliewi, P. sergenti, P. mascittii, P. balcanicus biće uvršteni u jedinstvenu bazu podataka koja je trenutno u osnivanju.Phlebotomines (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) are small fragile insects commonly known as sand flies (in Serbian: peščane mušice, papatači). Females are feeding on blood and they are capable to transmit parasitic protozoans from genus Leishmania (causative agent of leishmaniasis) and several phleboviruses (causative agents of sand fly fevers). Intensive sand fly research in Serbia was conducted during the years of the leishmaniasis and sand fly fever outbreaks, mainly in the infested areas. Sand fly research in Serbia was initiated in 1947 and ended in 1990, soon after the sand fly population density significantly diminished and leishmaniasis has been considered eradicated. During this period presence of seven species from Phlebotomus genus were detected – Phlebotomus papatasi, P. perfiliewi, P. tobbi, P. neglectus, P. simici, P. sergenti and P. balcanicus. Although leishmaniasis in Serbia is considered to be eradicated, for the past two decades sporadic human and dog cases were reported. It is suspected that the number of reported cases is higher, but real number remains unknown due to the underreporting and misdiagnosing especially among canine populations. This information suggested that both parasite and vector species are present and implicated the possibility of autochthonous transmission. Regarding these information, sand fly surveillance is resumed in 2013. Entomological surveillance of sand flies started in 2013 in Vojvodina Province, in 2014 it was extended to south-east Serbia and in 2015 to west Serbia. In period 2013-2016 in total 10 species of sand flies were recorded. Seven species were previously detected and 3 are new for sand fly fauna of Serbia. Obtained data provide insight in composition of sand fly fauna of Serbia after a gap of several decades. Within this thesis, detailed morphological descriptions of each recorded species, their distribution around the world and Serbia are given and elaborated. For the first time, the key for morphological identification of species present in Serbia was designed in Serbian language (for males and for females, separately). Morphological identification of samples was for the first time confirmed by molecular methods and by MALDI-TOF method of protein profiling. Obtained sequences for P. papatasi, P. neglectus, P. perfiliewi, P. tobbi, P. mascittii and P. balcanicus are deposited in the GenBank, while obtained protein spectra for P. neglectus, P. perfiliewi, P. sergenti, P. mascittii and P. balcanicus will be attributed to special data bank (currently under establishment). Accepted on Senate on: 18.09.2016
Canine leishmaniasis in Balkan – A review of occurrence and epidemiology
No full textCanine leishmaniasis is a parasitic zoonotic infection of dogs caused by the Leishmania spp. parasites. In Europe, canine leishmaniasis is among the most important vector-borne parasitic diseases of dogs, with majority of data originating from countries of southwestern Europe. With its scarce and outdated records, the Balkan region presents the “blank space” in the European map of canine leishmaniasis knowledge. Numerous records obtained during the past decade and a half indicate the emergence of autochthonous canine leishmaniasis in new settings all across Balkan, a significant increase in the numbers of infected dogs in previously endemic areas, and northward spread of the disease. As the majority of canine leishmaniasis data from Balkan countries are several decades old and generally written in native Balkan languages, hence not available to the broader area of scientists, comprehensive search of scientific literature published from 1934 to January 2021 was conducted in order to provide a better perspective to the past and current canine leishmaniasis situation in Balkan. This review provides exhaustive information on all leishmaniasis records in dogs, wild animals and cats, available from 10 countries of the Balkan region. It identifies dogs as the main disease reservoirs and highlights the importance of wild animals, and potentially cats, as disease reservoirs, which is of great public and veterinary health concern. Additionally, certain shortcomings in canine leishmaniasis research, management, surveillance and control were identified
Diversity and distribution of sand flies (Diptera, Phlebotominae) in Serbia
Get PDFFlebotomine (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) su veoma mali insekti nežne građe, koji su kod nas poznati kao peščane mušice ili papatači. Ženke ovih insekata imaju hematofagni režim ishrane i od davnina su poznate kao vektori različitih oboljenja. Najveći epidemiološki značaj flebotomine imaju kao vektori parazitskih protozoa iz roda Leishmania (Protozoa, Kinetoplastida) uzročnika lajšmanioza. Pored lajšmanioza, peščane mušice su vektori više vrsta arbovirusa, od kojih su svakako najznačajniji napuljski i sicilijanski serotipovi (Phlebovirus, Bunyaviridae) koji kod ljudi izazivaju flebotomsku tj. papatačijevu/papatačku groznicu. Peščane mušice su u Srbiji igrale veoma značajnu ulogu u drugoj polovini XX veka u period velikih epidemija lajšmanioze i papatačijeve groznice. Istraživanja peščanih mušica na teritoriji Republike Srbije sprovedena su u periodu od 1947. do 1990. godine. Tom prilikom registrovano je prisustvo 7 vrsta: Phlebotomus papatasi, P. neglectus, P. tobbi, P. perfiliewi s.l., P. sergenti s.l., P. simici i P. balcanicus. Nakon što je uočeno da broj peščanih mušica iz godine u godinu opada kao i da nema novih prijavljenih slučajeva lajšmanioze, istraživanja peščanih mušica u Srbiji su obustavljena. Pored toga što se u našoj državi lajšmanioza smatra davno iskorenjenom bolesti, u protekloj deceniji prisustvo sporadičnih slučajeva lajšmanioze kod ljudi, povećan broj registrovanih slučajeva autohtone lajšmanioze kod pasa kao i sumnja da je prisutan određeni broj nedijagnostikovanih tj. asimptomatskih slučajeva ukazali su na mogućnost cirkulacije bolesti u Srbiji. Obzirom da je lajšmanioza oboljenje čiji se prouzrokovač prenosi isključivo uz pomoć vektora, a da su za sada jedini potvrđeni vektori peščane mušice, počevši od 2013. godine, nakon više decenijske pauze, u okviru ove disertacije ponovo je uspostavljen entomološki nadzor ovih insekata. Entomološki nadzor otpočeo je 2013. godine prvo na teritoriji Autonomne Pokrajine Vojvodine, a već 2014. godine je proširen na jugoistočnu Srbiju i 2015. godine na zapadnu Srbiju sa Šumadijom. U periodu od 2013. do 2016. godine registrovano je prisustvo 10 vrsta peščanih mušica od kojih su 7 predhodno registrovane vrste a 3 vrste su nove za faunu Srbije. Dobijeni rezultati daju uvid u faunistički sastav flebotomina nakon višedecenijskog jaza u istraživanjima. U okviru ove disertacije dati su morfološki prikazi adulta, pregled distribucije i brojnosti za svih deset vrsta prisutnih u Srbiji. Pored toga izrađen je prvi ključ na srpskom jeziku za morfološku determinaciju odraslih mužjaka i ženki vrsta prisutnih u Srbiji, kao i vrsta koje se potencijalno mogu naći na teritoriji Republike Srbije. Determinacija na osnovu morfoloških karakteristika prvi put je potvrđena sekvencioniranjem COI regiona mitohondrijalnog gena i dobijene sekvence za vrste P. papatasi, P. neglectus, P. perfiliewi, P. tobbi, P. mascittii i P. balcanicus iz Srbije priključene su banci podataka GenBank. Prvi put je vršena analiza proteinskog spektra MALDI-TOF metodom i dobijeni rezultati za vrste P. neglectus, P. perfiliewi, P. sergenti, P. mascittii, P. balcanicus biće uvršteni u jedinstvenu bazu podataka koja je trenutno u osnivanju.Phlebotomines (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) are small fragile insects commonly known as sand flies (in Serbian: peščane mušice, papatači). Females are feeding on blood and they are capable to transmit parasitic protozoans from genus Leishmania (causative agent of leishmaniasis) and several phleboviruses (causative agents of sand fly fevers). Intensive sand fly research in Serbia was conducted during the years of the leishmaniasis and sand fly fever outbreaks, mainly in the infested areas. Sand fly research in Serbia was initiated in 1947 and ended in 1990, soon after the sand fly population density significantly diminished and leishmaniasis has been considered eradicated. During this period presence of seven species from Phlebotomus genus were detected – Phlebotomus papatasi, P. perfiliewi, P. tobbi, P. neglectus, P. simici, P. sergenti and P. balcanicus. Although leishmaniasis in Serbia is considered to be eradicated, for the past two decades sporadic human and dog cases were reported. It is suspected that the number of reported cases is higher, but real number remains unknown due to the underreporting and misdiagnosing especially among canine populations. This information suggested that both parasite and vector species are present and implicated the possibility of autochthonous transmission. Regarding these information, sand fly surveillance is resumed in 2013. Entomological surveillance of sand flies started in 2013 in Vojvodina Province, in 2014 it was extended to south-east Serbia and in 2015 to west Serbia. In period 2013-2016 in total 10 species of sand flies were recorded. Seven species were previously detected and 3 are new for sand fly fauna of Serbia. Obtained data provide insight in composition of sand fly fauna of Serbia after a gap of several decades. Within this thesis, detailed morphological descriptions of each recorded species, their distribution around the world and Serbia are given and elaborated. For the first time, the key for morphological identification of species present in Serbia was designed in Serbian language (for males and for females, separately). Morphological identification of samples was for the first time confirmed by molecular methods and by MALDI-TOF method of protein profiling. Obtained sequences for P. papatasi, P. neglectus, P. perfiliewi, P. tobbi, P. mascittii and P. balcanicus are deposited in the GenBank, while obtained protein spectra for P. neglectus, P. perfiliewi, P. sergenti, P. mascittii and P. balcanicus will be attributed to special data bank (currently under establishment). Accepted on Senate on: 18.09.2016
Systematic Review: Re‐emergence of human leishmaniasis in the Balkans
No full textOBJECTIVE: To provide an updated overview of the leishmaniasis epidemiology in the Balkans, as this region presents “blank space” on the map of leishmaniasis knowledge in Europe. METHODS: Following the PRISMA guideline, literature on the presence and circulation of human leishmaniasis in Balkan countries was screened in PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Matica Srpska Library and the National Library of Serbia. RESULTS: Sixty nine publications from 1919 until September 2020 were reviewed. Historical records indicate that leishmaniasis was previously present mainly in the southern parts of the Balkans, while newer data demonstrate its northward spread. CONCLUSIONS: Human leishmaniasis is re-emerging in the Balkans and in some areas is already widespread
Experimental infection of Phlebotomus perniciosus and Phlebotomus tobbi with different Leishmania tropica strains
No full textCutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania tropica is increasingly documented in Europe and the Middle East. Besides its specific vector, Phlebotomus sergenti, permissive Phlebotomus sand flies are suspected as potential vectors of L. tropica. We investigated the susceptibility of two widely distributed species, Phlebotomus perniciosus and Phlebotomus tobbi. Laboratory-reared sand flies were infected experimentally with L. tropica strains differing in lipophosphoglycan epitopes, geographical distribution and epidemiology. High infection rates, heavy parasite loads and fully developed late-stage infections including colonization of the stomodeal valve were observed in all parasite-vector combinations. Our findings demonstrate that P. perniciosus and P. tobbi are susceptible to different L. tropica strains and may play a role in their circulation in endemic foci of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A survey of sand flies (Diptera, Phlebotominae) along recurrent transit routes in Serbia
No full textHalada, Petr/0000-0002-7229-3450; Vaselek, Slavica/0000-0002-9105-7138; Dvorak, Vit/0000-0001-5636-7483; Ivovic, Vladimir/0000-0002-1562-9528; OZBEL, YUSUF/0000-0001-8335-1997Serbia was a country endemic for leishmaniasis with rich and abundant sand fly fauna during the middle of the 20th century. After 1968, the disease was considered as eradicated, and as a consequence, all research on vectors and pathogens was neglected. the recent detection of Leishmania infantum in sand flies and confirmed cases of leishmaniasis in humans and dogs indicated the risk of re-emergence in Serbia. Also, for millions of refugees/immigrants, Serbia is a transit route between East-Mediterranean and Middle-East countries, and Central/North Europe, and it is under constant risk of vector and disease introduction. Primary objectives of this research were to determine which sand fly species are present around transit routes, whether they include vectors of the Leishmania spp. moreover, is/are Leishmania spp. present in the vectors. Surveys were conducted at 55 locations, organised in four clusters, which covered main immigrant routes and shelters/camps as well as tourist/trade transit routes. in total, 367 sand fly specimens were collected. Nine species were identified: Phlebotomus papatasi, P. perfiliewi, P. tobbi, P. neglectus, P. sergenti, P. alexandri, P. simici, P. balcanicus and P. mascittii. Detection of P. alexandri represents the first record in Serbia. the diversity of sand fly species increased while the number of collected specimens per night decreased during the period of research neglection. Phlebotomus neglectus, a proven vector of L. infantum, was a predominant species in all surveyed clusters, and in 56,52% of locations, it was the only species present. Although all detected species are regarded either as proven or suspected vectors of Leishmania spp., screening of females for Leishmania presence resulted negative. Our study provides insight into the significant changes of sand fly fauna in Serbia during the end of XX and beginning of XXI century. Diverse sand fly fauna in Serbia suggests that the establishment of new leishmaniasis foci is possible.European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) [OC/EFSA/AHAW/2013/02-FWC1]; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC); Czech Science FoundationGrant Agency of the Czech Republic [15-04329S]; Institute of Microbiology [RVO61388971]; European Virus Archive goes Global goes Global project (EVAg) - European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [653316]; EDENext FP7 EU project [261504]The work was carried out under the VectorNet project, a European network for sharing data on the geographic distribution of arthropod vectors, transmitting human and animal disease agents (Contract OC/EFSA/AHAW/2013/02-FWC1) funded by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). the study was partially supported by the Czech Science Foundation (15-04329S) and the Institute of Microbiology (RVO61388971), European Virus Archive goes Global goes Global project (EVAg) funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No 653316), and the EDENext FP7- no261504 EU project (http://www.edenext.eu)
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
