170,413 research outputs found
Records of Chrysomya albiceps in Northern Italy: an ecological and forensic perspective
No full textKnowledge of the carrion-breeding insects present at a local level is important and necessary for defining the post-mortem interval. Climate changes and globalisation are affecting species ranges and population dynamics. In this note, we report the incidence of Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera: Calliphoridae) on dead human bodies and carrion in Northern Italy. These data confirm the spread of this species in the Northern regions. The partial sequencing of a 583-bp region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene of an Adriatic population did not reveal any difference compared to the same genomic region in the African and South American populations of this specie
FIGURE 2 in A review of morphological characters for the identification of three common European species of Sarcophaga s. str. (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), with an emphasis on female terminalia
No full textFIGURE 2. Neighbor-joining tree of Sarcophaga spp. based on the analysis of 94 COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) barcode sequences of equal length (538 bp). Numbers on the nodes indicate bootstrap support. Distances were computed using the Maximum Composite Likelihood method. Female specimens collected in 2019–2020 in Baden-Württemberg (SW Germany) and analysed morphologically in this study are displayed in bold. Sarcophaga crassipalpis Macquart was used as an outgroup species.Published as part of Schönberger, Daniel, Giordani, Giorgia, Vanin, Stefano & Whitmore, Daniel, 2022, A review of morphological characters for the identification of three common European species of Sarcophaga s. str. (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), with an emphasis on female terminalia, pp. 463-480 in Zootaxa 5205 (5) on page 470, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5205.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/731853
Vanin-1-/- mice exhibit a glutathione-mediated tissue resistance to oxidative stress
No full textVanin-1 is an epithelial ectoenzyme with pantetheinase activity and generating the amino-thiol cysteamine through the metabolism of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5). Here we show that Vanin-1-/- mice, which lack cysteamine in tissues, exhibit resistance to oxidative injury induced by whole-body γ-irradiation or paraquat. This protection is correlated with reduced apoptosis and inflammation and is reversed by treating mutant animals with cystamine. The better tolerance of the Vanin-1-/- mice is associated with an enhanced gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity in liver, probably due to the absence of cysteamine and leading to elevated stores of glutathione (GSH), the most potent cellular antioxidant. Consequently, Vanin-1-/- mice maintain a more reducing environment in tissue after exposure to irradiation. In normal mice, we found a stress-induced biphasic expression of Vanin-1 regulated via antioxidant response elements in its promoter region. This process should finely tune the redox environment and thus change an early inflammatory process into a late tissue repair process. We propose Vanin-1 as a key molecule to regulate the GSH-dependent response to oxidative injury in tissue at the epithelial level. Therefore, Vanin/pantetheinase inhibitors could be useful for treatment of damage due to irradiation and pro-oxidant inducers
N131S Vanin-1 is subjected to rapid ERAD.
No full text<p>HEK293 cells stably expressing WT, T26I or N131S vanin-1 were generated using the G418 selection method. (<b>A</b>) Cells were treated with cycloheximide (CHX, 100 µg/ml) for the indicated hours before being lysed. 30 µg of total protein were subjected to 8% SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis using a rabbit polyclonal anti-vanin-1 antibody (Pierce antibodies) (<i>n</i> = 3). β-actin serves as a loading control. The protein band intensity was quantified using ImageJ software from the NIH, shown in (<b>B</b>). Data is reported as mean ± SEM. (<b>C</b>) Cells expressing N131S vanin-1 were treated with MG-132 (5 µM, 24 h), a potent proteasome inhibitor, before being lysed. Cell lysates were immunoprecipitated using an anti-vanin-1 antibody and subjected to Western blot analysis. IgG was used a negative control for nonspecific binding during immunoprecipitation (lane 3). IP: immunoprecipitation. Ub: ubiquitin. (<b>D</b>) Cell lysates were digested with endoglycosidase H (endoH) enzyme before Western blot analysis. Peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) cleaves the protein at a location between the innermost GlcNAc and asparagine residues from <i>N</i>-linked glycoproteins, serving as a control for unglycosylated vanin-1. EndoH resistant vanin-1 proteins fold properly in the ER and traffic at least through the Golgi. EndoH sensitive vanin-1 proteins are immature ER vanin-1 glycoform.</p
Pantetheinase activity of membrane-bound Vanin-1: lack of free cysteamine in tissues of Vanin-1 deficient mice
No full textPantetheinase (EC 3.5.1.-) is an ubiquitous enzyme which in vitro has been shown to recycle pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and to produce cysteamine, a potent anti-oxidant, We show that the Vanin-1 gene encodes pantetheinase widely expressed in mouse tissues: (1) a pantetheinase activity is specifically expressed by Vanin-1 transfectants and is immunodepleted by specific antibodies; (2) Vanin-1 is a GPI-anchored pantetheinase, and consequently an ectoenzyme; (3) Vanin-1 null mice are deficient in membrane-bound pantetheinase activity in kidney and liver; (4) in these organs, a major metabolic consequence is the absence of detectable free cysteamine; this demonstrates that membrane-bound pantetheinase is the main source of cysteamine in tissues under physiological conditions. Since the Vanin-1 molecule was previously shown to be involved in the control of thymus reconstitution following sublethal irradiation in vivo, this raises the possibility that Vanin/pantetheinase might be involved in the regulation of some immune functions maybe in the context of the response to oxidative stress. (C) 2000 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Esperimenti di feedback wording per stimare competenze e speranze occupazionali di figure professionali seguendo il metodo Delphi
No full textNella nota si presentano la metodologia e l’analisi dell’esito di alcuni esperimenti inseriti in una rilevazione di tipo Delphi svolta on-line presso panel di direttori del personale e di professori universitari. Il questionario da autocompilare conteneva quesiti sulla composizione, in termini di: competenze tecnico-professionali, desiderabilità sociale e speranze occupazionali a uno, tre e sei anni, di due figure professionali, l’addetto alla gestione e l’addetto allo sviluppo delle risorse umane. Ciascun esperimento fattoriale, basato sul confronto tra due modalità sperimentali, mirava a individuare il criterio di composizione dei quesiti in grado di massimizzare l’accuratezza delle risposte ottenibili
PPARalpha regulates the production of serum Vanin-1 by liver.
No full textThe membrane-bound Vanin-1 pantetheinase regulates tissue adaptation to stress. We investigated Vnn1 expression and its regulation in liver. Vnn1 is expressed by centrolobular hepatocytes. Using novel tools, we identify a soluble form of Vnn1 in mouse and human serum and show the contribution of a cysteine to its catalytic activity. We show that liver contributes to Vanin-1 secretion in serum and that PPARalpha is a limiting factor in serum Vnn1 production. Functional PPRE sites are identified in the Vnn1 promoter. These results indicate that serum Vnn1 might be a reliable reporter of PPARalpha activity in liver
Imbalance of the Vanin-1 Pathway in Systemic Sclerosis
No full textInternational audienceSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and visceral organs and vascular alterations. SSc pathophysiology involves systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Because the vanin-1 gene (vnn1) encodes an enzyme with pantetheinase activity that converts vasculoprotective pantethine into profibrotic pantothenic acid and pro-oxidant cystamine, we tested this pathway in the pathophysiology of SSc. Activation of the vanin-1/pantetheinase pathway was investigated in wild-type BALB/c mice with hypochlorous acid (HOCl)-induced SSc by ELISA and Western blotting. We then evaluated the effects of the inactivation of vnn1 on the development of fibrosis, endothelial alterations, and immunological activation in mice with HOCl- and bleomycin-induced SSc. We then explored the vanin-1/pantetheinase pathway in a cohort of patients with SSc and in controls. In wild-type mice with HOCl-induced SSc, the vanin-1/pantetheinase pathway was dysregulated, with elevation of vanin-1 activity in skin and high levels of serum pantothenic acid. Inactivation of the vnn1 gene in vnn1(-/-) mice with HOCl-induced SSc prevented the development of characteristic features of the disease, including fibrosis, immunologic abnormalities, and endothelial dysfunction. Remarkably, patients with diffuse SSc also had increased expression of vanin-1 in skin and blood and elevated levels of serum pantothenic acid that correlated with the severity of the disease. Our data demonstrate that vanin-1/pantetheinase controls fibrosis, vasculopathy, autoimmunity, and oxidative stress in SSc. The levels of vanin-1 expression and pantothenic acid determine SSc severity and can be used as markers of disease severity. More importantly, inhibition of vanin-1 can open new therapeutic approaches in SSc
Experiments on Feedback Wording in a Delphi Study on the Representation of Professional Figures
No full textCoarazuphium Gnaspini, Vanin & Godoy 1998
No full textKey to adult species of the genus Coarazuphium (adapted from Pellegrini et al. 2021): 1. Elytron with apical margin truncated, not sinuate (Pellegrini and Ferreira 2011: 49, Fig. 2A).......................... 2 1`. Elytron with apical margin sinuate (Godoy and Vanin, 1990: 796, Fig. 1) or with a slight apical sinuosity (Pellegrini et al. 2020: 291. Fig. 5)......................................................................................... 8 2(1). Head dorsally bearing bearing two pairs of setae, one anterior supraorbital setae (asos) and one postocular setae (pos) (Pellegrini and Ferreira 2017: 556, Fig. 5).......................................................................... 3 2`. Head dorsally bearing three or more pairs of setae; rarely two pairs. If only two setae are present, the postocular setae (pos) is lacking............................................................................................. 5 3(2). Metafemur with a spine at the middle ventral side (Pellegrini and Ferreira 2017: 556, Fig. 4); antennae short, about 0.68 times as long as the total body length......................................... C. spinifemur Pellegrini and Ferreira, 2017 3`. Metafemur without a spine at the middle ventral side; antennae long, reaching metafemur insertion.................... 4 4(3`). Aedeagus very long and slender, about 2.89 times as long as left paramere (Pellegrini and Ferreira 2011: 49, Fig. 2 D-F).................................................................... C. tapiaguassu Pellegrini and Ferreira, 2011 b 4`. Aedeagus shorter, about 2.6 times as long as left paramere (Pellegrini and Ferreira 2017: 557, Fig. 6 C-E)................................................................................ C. amazonicum Pellegrini and Ferreira, 2017 5(2`). Head dorsally bearing only two pairs of setae, one anterior supraorbital setae (asos) and one posterior supraorbital setae (psos) (Bená and Vanin 2014: 291, Fig. 5)............................................. C. ricardoi Bená and Vanin, 2014 5`. Head dorsally with three or more pairs of setae, at least one anterior supraorbital setae (asos), one postocular setae (pos) and one posterior supraorbital setae (psos).................................................................... 6 6. Head dorsally with three pairs of setae (the three mentioned in the 5`step)............. C. auleri Pellegrini & Vieira, 2021 6`. Head dorsally with more than three pairs of setae............................................................ 7 7(6`). Five setigerous punctures on the head dorsally, beyond the asos, pos and psos setae, it bears one pair of occipital setae (ocs) and one posterior supraorbital setae (psus) (Ball and Shpeley 2013: 30, Fig. 4A).......... C. whiteheadi Ball and Shpeley, 2013 7`. our setigerous punctures on the head dorsally. Other than the asos, pos and psos setae, head dorsally bearing one pair of posterior supraorbital setae (psus), more anterior and laterally than the psos (Pellegrini et al. 2020: 297, Fig. 22).................................................................................. C. pains Álvares and Ferreira, 2002 8(1`). Head dorsally bearing at least two pairs of setae, the anterior supraorbital setae (asos) and the postocular setae (pos) are always present.............................................................................................. 9 8`. Head dorsally bearing from four to five pairs of setae, one anterior supraorbital setae (asos), one postocular setae (pos), one posterior supernumerary setae (psos) and one occipital setae (ocs) are always present.............................. 11 9(8). Overall body form elongate (Pellegrini et al. 2020: 300, Fig. 33), maximum width of elytra near the middle. Head elongate, HW/HL ratio about 0.6 Elytra apical sinuosity with inner borders sharp (Pellegrini et al. 2020: 300, Fig. 33). Male genitalia: right paramere styliform (Gnaspini et al. 1998: 306, Fig. 10), about as long as left paramere........................................................................................... C. cessaima Gnaspini, Vanin and Godoy, 1998 9`. Maximum width of elytra near the middle (Godoy and Vanin 1990: 796, Fig. 1), or posterior middle. Head subquadrangular, HW/HL ratio from 0.95............................................................................... 10 10 (9’). Male left paramere styliform (Godoy & Vanin 1990: 798, fig. 2), elytra with one pair of short setae behind scutellum and two discal pairs (Godoy & Vanin 1990: 798, fig. 1)..................................... C. tessai (Godoy & Vanin 1990) 10’. Male left paramere broad, conchoid (Fig. 13), elytra without discal setae or any setae behind the scutellum..................................................................................................... C. bambui sp. n. 11(8`). Head dorsally with two pairs of occipital setae (ocs) (Pellegrini and Ferreira 2014 Fig. 2B)......................... 12 11`. Head dorsally with one pair of occipital setae (ocs).......................................................... 13 12(13). Elytron with a slightly apical sinuosity (Pellegrini and Ferreira 2014: 537, Fig. 12A and C)............................................................................................... C. formoso Pellegrini and Ferreira, 2011 12’. Elytron with pronounced apical sinuosity, dorsal aspect of the head with two protuberances (Pellegrini and Ferreira 2014: 537, Fig. 12B and D)...................................................... C. caatinga Pellegrini and Ferreira, 2014 13(11`).Head dorsally bearing one posterior supernumerary setae (psus) (Pellegrini et al. 2020: 293, Fig. 6).................................................................................... C. lundi Pellegrini, Ferreira and Vieira, 2020 13`. Head dorsally without the posterior supernumerary setae (psus).................................................................................................................. C. bezerra Gnaspini, Vanin and Godoy, 1998Published as part of Pellegrini, Thais Giovannini, Bichuette, Maria Elina & Vieira, Letícia, 2022, Coarazuphium bambui (Carabidae: Zuphiini), a new cave-dwelling beetle from the threatened region of Serra do Ramalho, Brazil, pp. 557-568 in Zootaxa 5129 (4) on page 562, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5129.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/650412
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