801 research outputs found
Collectif studiolada. Architetture credibili per il futuro in pietra
No full textQuesto volume esplora le opere architettoniche e l’approccio progettuale di studiolada, un collettivo di architetti con sede a Nancy (Francia) che fonda il proprio lavoro sulla sostenibilità, sul recupero della tradizione costruttiva e sull’uso consapevole dei materiali locali.
Attraverso la sperimentazione e la ricerca, il collettivo ha sviluppato un linguaggio architettonico contemporaneo capace di dialogare con il contesto e di reinterpretare il patrimonio costruttivo in chiave innovativa.
Le autrici di questo volume, Ilaria Cavaliere e Adriana Valentini, hanno scelto di effettuare un focus sulle architetture di studiolada realizzate impiegando il materiale lapideo e hanno articolato il libro dividendolo in quattro parti.
Nella prima, l’introduzione del prof. Giuseppe Fallacara e i testi critici delle autrici stesse introducono l’approccio teorico e progettuale dello studio, discutendo anche il rapporto tra materiali, territorio e sostenibilità. Nella seconda parte vengono analizzate nel dettaglio quattro opere emblematiche realizzate in pietra, che testimoniano la capacità di studiolada di coniugare tradizione e innovazione. La terza parte raccoglie le interviste a tutti i membri del collettivo, offrendo una visione diretta del loro metodo di lavoro e del valore della condivisione all’interno del processo creativo. Infine, la quarta parte presenta una selezione di altre opere in cui l’uso della pietra è centrale, fornendo ulteriori spunti di riflessione sulle potenzialità di questo materiale nel panorama architettonico contemporaneo.
Un viaggio tra ricerca, progettazione e costruzione, alla scoperta di un’architettura radicata nel territorio ma proiettata verso il futuro
Controllable fabrication of aligned carbon nanotubes by pulsed plasma: selective positioning and electrical transport phenomena
No full textSelective growth of aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at low temperature by pulsed plasma on Si3N4/Si substrates patterned by metallic platinum has been demonstrated. Field emission and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have shown that platinum does not support CNT growth, so that nanotubes can selectively grow on substrates patterned by platinum. This feasible fabrication method has been used to measure the electrical resistivity of as-aligned CNT film perpendicular to the-tube axis without a complex postsynthesis manipulation. The prepared samples show a monotonic decrease in the resistivity with increasing temperature. We propose that the transport is governed by the formation of crossed junctions of nanotubes in the mat. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. RI Valentini, Luca/D-5238-2011; Kenny, Jose/F-9372-201
Etica e leadership nel sistema sanitario italiano: risultati di una ricerca empirica
No full textNonostante le organizzazioni sanitarie siano intrinsecamente basate su principi etici e sui valori dei loro professionisti, la ricerca sulla leadership etica nel settore sanitario è ancora limitata. Il presente studio si pone l’obiettivo di esaminare l’adozione della leadership etica tra 48 professionisti sanitari con incarichi manageriali nel contesto del Servizio Sanitario italiano. I risultati dell’indagine hanno rivelato un’orientazione positiva verso la leadership etica, ma anche differenze di genere nella gestione dei ruoli manageriali, indicando possibili disuguaglianze etiche. Questo enfatizza l’importanza di promuovere l’uguaglianza di genere e di diffondere valori etici coerenti all’interno delle organizzazioni sanitarie, il che avrebbe un impatto significativo non solo sulla gestione ma anche sullo sviluppo della leadership nel settore sanitario
Rezension zu: Ilaria Bignamini/Clare Hornsby, Digging and Dealing in Eighteenth-Century Rome. With additional research by Irma Della Giovampaola and Jonathan Yarker (New Haven and London 2010)
No full textImpact of digital therapeutics for the management of chronic diseases: systematic review
No full textContext
Nowadays, the increasing number of patients affected by metabolic, cardiovascular, and pulmonary
chronic diseases represents one of the major challenges for National Health Systems. Chronic illnesses
are the leading cause of hospitalisation, particularly among the elderly, posing sustainability issues due
to the massive quantity of resources required. The development of digital health provides a new model
for managing this type of health condition, which has improved the management of these patients and
reduced the related healthcare direct and indirect costs. The development of digital health has provided
a new management tool for chronic conditions. Digital therapeutics (DTx) are a subset of Digital Health.
They are evidence-based therapeutic interventions driven by high-quality software programs designed
to prevent, manage, or treat medical disorders or diseases. DTx can be used through web-based portals
or smartphone applications, which allows patients to self-care and lifestyle interventions to actively
engage in the management of their clinical condition.
Methods
This systematic review aims to synthesise recent literature on Digital Therapeutics to investigate their
impact in terms of clinical effectiveness and/or cost-effectiveness in the treatment of chronic diseases.
We systematically searched 4 databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, and Scopus) to identify
articles on DTx published in the last five years (2017 to 2022), in accordance with the PRISMA
guidelines. We have selected only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) studies about DTx designed for
chronic disease management by identifying their effectiveness in terms of efficacy and cost outcomes.
We have included only studies in English. For the appraisal of the risk of bias, we have used the Risk of
Bias 2 Tool for RCT studies. The included studies were narratively summarised by categorising the DTx
according to the chronic diseases they were applied to.
Results
We retrieved 195 articles, out of which fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in
the review. In all the included studies, the intervention group used DTx for the treatment of chronic
diseases, while the control group received standard treatments without DTx. There are limited evidence
on the cost-effectiveness of DTx, with only two articles meeting the inclusion criteria. In all the included
studies, the DTx group showed significant evidence of improved patient parameters, reduced rehospitalisations, and decreased utilisation of healthcare providers, resulting in a reduction of costs in the
management of chronic disease patients. The methodological quality assessment revealed moderate to
high risks of bias, especially because blinding of patients was not possible due to the nature of the
intervention. This may have introduced some bias in the studies included in the review.
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Discussion
This systematic review provides evidence for the impact of Digital Therapeutics in the management of
chronic diseases. The introduction of DTx has been shown to result in a significant reduction in costs
and an increase in the effectiveness and adherence of care, leading to an overall improvement in the
quality of life of patients compared to standard care. DTx is an emerging area, especially in the postpandemic scenario, due to its potential role in patient self-management by providing evidence-based and
personalised external support to chronic disease patients. Based on the results, an appropriate health
technology assessment framework would be a valuable tool to evaluate these products
Career pathways and competency acquisition for hospital leaders
No full textContext
The evolution of patients' needs, the progressive ageing of the population, the recent COVID-19
pandemic and the changes it induced are amongst items that put high pressure on healthcare
organisations. In this evolving scenario, emerging professional profiles must meet expectations by
acquiring more and more specialised expertise. Managers must often face higher levels of organisational
accountability and work in less individualistic and more “team-oriented” ways. New managerial and
coordination responsibilities emerge. The research evaluates hospital CEOs training and career
trajectories, as well as their competence profiles, to find the best fit to achieve successful results.
Methods
In collaboration with the International Hospital Federation (IHF), we have administered an e-survey to
Hospital CEOs worldwide. The survey is made up of five sections: general information, training
pathways, career pathways, competency relevance assessment and competency self-assessment. The 40
competencies under consideration were selected from the IHF's Global Competency Directory. The same
survey was translated into four different languages to improve distribution (English, Spanish, Portuguese
and Italian). Replies were anonymous. In addition to a descriptive analysis of the sample, the presence
of different training and career pathways was assessed and matched to competency profiles through
Anova tests. Tukey range tests highlighted which training/career characteristics mostly influenced
competency acquisition.
Results
We have received 249 replies from hospital CEOs in 16 counties. Training and career pathways are
variable and significantly associated to the acquisition of some key competencies. Moreover,
communication and entrepreneurial skills are among those considered most lacking and should be
prioritised in training programs. Gender may affect choices on the type of organisation in which to work
and on career options (mixed career ladders).
Discussion
Understanding how to improve training and career pathways of CEOs to improve their skill mix is key
in times of deep changes in the healthcare sector. This study focuses on a gap analysis, which is useful
in identifying substantial differences between hospital CEOs' desired competencies and the ones that
they have developed concretely. The analysis of top managers’ educational and professional
backgrounds allows to map and compare training and career pathways across nations. This, in turn,
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provides the bases for benchmarking activities across countries, with implications on the detection of
best practices and on international mobility opportunitie
Gestione del vigneto e cambiamenti climatici
No full textE' noto inoltre che negli ultimi cinquanta anni si sono verificati importanti cambiamenti climatici le cui manifestazioni principali hanno riguardato l'aumento delle temperature. La ricerca attuale è in grado di proporre alcune soluzioni tecniche che possono essere applicate per contrastare gli effetti dei cambiamenti climatici nel vigneto nelle aree viticole temperato-calde
Vite: nuove tecniche per uva di migliore qualità
No full textLe diverse tecniche proposte rappresentano delle valide alternative al diradamento dei grappoli, poichè sono integralmente meccanizzabili e consentono al viticoltore di scegliere la modalità più opportuna in relazione alla varietà, all’esposizione e alle condizioni climatiche dell’annata
Assessing physicians’ managerial attitude: a scale validation process
No full textSince the 1990s, the Italian Health Systems have been subjected to a profound reorganisation both in
terms of organisational models and in terms of roles. More specifically at the middle level, has been
introduced new managerial figures, named doctors-managers. These innovations have profoundly
changed both careers and job characteristics since new tasks and responsibilities have been assigned to
them
NO2 gas sensitivity of carbon nanotubes obtained by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
No full textCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) thin films deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition on Si/Si3N4 substrates provided with platinum interdigital electrodes have been investigated as resistive gas sensors towards NO, oxidizing gas. The electrical response has been measured exposing the films to sub-ppm NO2 concentrations (10-100 ppb in dry air) at different operating temperatures ranging between 25 and 215 degreesC. The response to NO2 has been found to be at maximum at around 165 degreesC. Upon exposure to NO2 the electrical resistance of randomly oriented CNTs is found to decrease. Gas sensitivity, response time and reproducibility of the electrical response resulted to be dependant from the preparation conditions and film thickness. The prepared films show fast dynamic of the electrical response and high reproducibility of the electrical properties. The resistance decrease of the CNTs when exposed to NO2 gas and the sensor response to concentrations as low as 10 ppb NO2, suggest the possibility to utilize CNTs as new sensors for air-quality monitoring. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. RI Valentini, Luca/D-5238-2011; Kenny, Jose/F-9372-201
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