19 research outputs found
Features of Diagnosis and Intensive Care of Drotaverine Poisoning at the Prehospital Stage (on the Example of a Case Study)
No full textThe article presents a case study with a detailed solution, reflecting the features of the clinical features of drotaverine poisoning, the principles of diagnosis and treatment of this condition at the prehospital stage. This type of educational technology is applicable both for practical training with elements of simulation training and for monitoring the level of training of medical personnel
Problem Oriented Training in Emergency Medical Care Under the Conditions of Extremal Technogenic Situation (the Example of Solving a Situational Task)
No full textThe article provides a situational task with a detailed solution, reflecting the principles and procedure for the provision of emergency medical care outside a medical organization during a technogenic emergency (explosion followed by a fire) with several victims. This type of educational technology is applicable both during practical exercises with elements of simulation training, and monitoring the level of training of medical personnel
Improvement of surgical treatment of an acute biliary pancreatitis at elderly and senile patients
No full textAim of investigation. To estimate various variants of surgical treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis at patients of over 60 years old, to develop a method of cholecystectomy at the large Hartmann pouch adherent to biliary tracts, to decrease such complications, as bleeding, bile leakage, damage (intersection) of common bile or common hepatic duct.Material and methods. Patients separated into 3 groups in relation to operative access. The first group – (67 patients) was operated by traditional surgical access. The second group (54 patients) was operated through miniaccess with the help of «Generalpurpose frame wound retractor», of them 34 patients with large Hartmann pouch adherent to biliary tracts, were operated by the proposed method (patent of the Russian Federation #2358663 under application #2008103639, priority 30.01.08; registered on 20.06.2009; bulletin #17). The third group (61 patients) was operated by laparoscopic method. The mean age of patients in groups was 73,1 years. In 100% of cases patients had two and more concomitant diseases. The main type of surgical intervention in groups – was cholecystectomy, drainage of common bile duct by Pikovsky, drainage of abdominal cavity.Results. At traditional cholecystectomy postoperative complications develop at 44,8% of patients: eventration – 7,5%, subphrenic abscess – 6%, suppuration of postoperative wound – 11,9%, pneumonias – 8,9%, pancreatonecrosis – 10,4%. After minilaparotomy in postoperative period at 9,3% of patients following complications developed: incompetence of cystic duct stump and bile leakage – 3,7%, suppurations of postoperative wounds – 3,7%, pneumonia – 1,9%. Conversions were registered in the main group at 5,6 % of patients. After videolaparoscopy complication were observed at 14,8 % of patients: damage of common bile duct, postoperative bile leakage – 3,3%, incompetence of stump of cystic duct – 1,6%, residual choledocholithiasis with accompanying obstructive jaundice – 3,3%, pancreatonecrosis – 6,6%.Conclusions. The proposed method of cholecystectomy at large Hartmann pouch adherent to biliary tracts, allows to decrease such complications as bleeding, bile leakage, excludes damage of common bile duct
Особенности диагностики и интенсивной терапии отравлений дротаверином на догоспитальном этапе (на примере решения ситуационной задачи)
No full textThe article presents a case study with a detailed solution, reflecting the features of the clinical features of drotaverine poisoning, the principles of diagnosis and treatment of this condition at the prehospital stage. This type of educational technology is applicable both for practical training with elements of simulation training and for monitoring the level of training of medical personnel.В статье приводится ситуационная задача с подробным решением, отражающая особенности клинической картины отравления дротаверином, принципы диагностики и лечения данной патологии на догоспитальном этапе. Данный тип образовательных технологий применим как при проведении практических занятий с элементами симуляционного обучения, так и для контроля уровня подготовки медицинского персонала
Проблемно-ориентированное обучение оказанию скорой медицинской помощи при чрезвычайной ситуации техногенного характера (на примере решения ситуационной задачи)
No full textThe article provides a situational task with a detailed solution, reflecting the principles and procedure for the provision of emergency medical care outside a medical organization during a technogenic emergency (explosion followed by a fire) with several victims. This type of educational technology is applicable both during practical exercises with elements of simulation training, and monitoring the level of training of medical personnel.В статье приводится ситуационная задача с подробным решением, отражающая принципы и порядок оказания скорой медицинской помощи вне медицинской организации при техногенной чрезвычайной ситуации (взрыв с последующим пожаром) с несколькими пострадавшими. Данный тип образовательных технологий применим как при проведении практических занятий с элементами симуляционного обучения, так и для контроля уровня подготовки медицинского персонала
Rhythmic dynamics and synchronization via dimensionality reduction : application to human gait
No full textReliable characterization of locomotor dynamics of human walking is vital to understanding the neuromuscular control of human locomotion and disease diagnosis. However, the inherent oscillation and ubiquity of noise in such non-strictly periodic signals pose great challenges to current methodologies. To this end, we exploit the state-of-the-art technology in pattern recognition and, specifically, dimensionality reduction techniques, and propose to reconstruct and characterize the dynamics accurately on the cycle scale of the signal. This is achieved by deriving a low-dimensional representation of the cycles through global optimization, which effectively preserves the topology of the cycles that are embedded in a high-dimensional Euclidian space. Our approach demonstrates a clear advantage in capturing the intrinsic dynamics and probing the subtle synchronization patterns from uni/bivariate oscillatory signals over traditional methods. Application to human gait data for healthy subjects and diabetics reveals a significant difference in the dynamics of ankle movements and ankle-knee coordination, but not in knee movements. These results indicate that the impaired sensory feedback from the feet due to diabetes does not influence the knee movement in general, and that normal human walking is not critically dependent on the feedback from the peripheral nervous system
Formation control of nonholonomic mobile robots: the virtual structure approach
No full textPhDIn recent years, there has been a considerable growth in applications of
multi-robot systems as opposed to single-robot systems. This thesis
presents our proposed solutions to a formation control problem in
which mobile robots are required to create a desired formation shape
and track a desired trajectory as a whole.
In the first instance, we study the formation control problem for unicycle
mobile robots. We propose two control algorithms based on a
cascaded approach: one based on a kinematic model of a robot and
the other based on a dynamic model. We also propose a saturated
controller in which actuator limitations are explicitly accounted for.
To demonstrate how the control algorithms work, we present an extensive
simulation and experimental study.
Thereafter we move on to formation control algorithms in which the
coordination error is explicitly defined. Thus, we are able to give conditions
for robots keeping their desired formation shape without necessarily
tracking the desired trajectory. We also introduce a controller
in which both trajectory tracking and formation shape maintenance
are achieved as well as a saturated algorithm. We validate the applicability
of the introduced controllers in simulations and experiments.
Lastly, we study the formation control problem for car-like robots. In
this case we develop a controller using the backstepping technique.
We give conditions for robots keeping their desired formation shape
while failing to track their desired trajectories and present simulation
results to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed controlle
