92 research outputs found
Depressive disorders in women of climacteric age (review of foreign literature for 2012–2016)
No full textObjective: to systematically review foreign literature and interpret results of the review. Tasks: to review foreign papers where factors are considered which provoke development of depression: hormonal, psychological, social as well as neuromediators, hormonal and immune disturbances in depressive disorders in women with physiological climacteric and climacteric syndrome; issues of differential diagnostics of depressions, psychopharmaco- and psychotherapy with subsequent evaluation of clinical efficiency; personality profile of pateints with affective psychopathology.Methods of search: by keywords in Web of Science Core Collection database across foreign journals (2012– 2016). Criteria of inclusion of papers in the review are determined by themes of studies: 1) women of climacteric age; 2) presence of depression or depressive symptoms; 3) presence of climacteric disturbances. In the abstract-bibliographic and scientometric database Web of Science Core Collection 70 bibliographic sources are selected across foreign journals between 2012 and 2016, including journals with high Impact Factor. Studies included in the review are performed at the university clinics, specialized centers. Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of female patients meet the criterion of compatibility. Most discussed papers are devoted to study of clinical and social-psychological factors of development of climacteric depression. In a number of papers the efficiency of antidepressant therapy, alternative methods and supplementary therapy in women with depressive disorders, climacteric disturbances and co-occurring physical diseases is shown. Most works are performed with involvement of questionnaires (sociodemographic data, anamnesis) and international clinical scales. The main results of the discussed papers are outlined in thematic rubrics.Conclusion. The European and American papers are used in this review more frequently; studies from Asian countries are used more seldom. Reviewed foreign publications reflect worldwide trend to increase of climacteric depression (CD) in the female population with presence in the anamnesis of adolescent (psychoendocrine alteration) and postpartum depression, premenstrual syndrome. Low timely diagnostics of depressions, high incidence rate of somaticized CD are noted. In the structure of climacteric syndrome the psychoemotional disturbances predominate above neurovegetative and metabolic-endocrine or are combined with vegetative dysfunction. The participation in formation of CD (with predominance of mild/moderate severity) of neurohormonal, genetic, biochemical, social-environmental, psychological factors is shown. In the reviewed sources low mood, loss of previous priorities, decrease of productivity and concentration of attention, position of being unprotected, dependence, lack of confidence, self-humiliation, repentance, unbelief in future, insomnias, hypo-/hyperrexia with change of body mass are described in CD but there are no publications on suicidal ideation. It is indicated that CD can flow with hysteric- and nosophobic, somatohypochondriac and asthenohypochondriac component. The authors consider that somatization as an experience of climacteric stress leads to somaticized CD with accent on physical symptoms and repression of depression and anxiety although an association of specific somatic nosologies with symptoms of CD is not described. The association of CD with social-environmental factors (gender, education, profession, social position, financial wealth) is discussed, achievement of the woman is considered as a actor of reduction of CD risk. The authors are highly interested in search for genetic markers (heredity, suicides in relatives), impairment of neuromediator exchange (neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline), neuromorphologic alterations in brain sensorimotor cortex (motor function, attention, perception, memory, and emotional-motivational response), hormonal disturbances (neuroendocrine and metabolic) and psychoneuroimmunological patterns of association with CD. Psychopharmacotherapy in CD is constructed with account for depressive symptoms (antidepressants of activating/sedative action in long-term maintenance regime), background and co-occurring diseases (adequate and pathogenetic and immunotherapy) with involvement in case of absence of contraindications of substitutive hormonotherapy (estrogen, progesterone). Beyond conventional schemes of the therapy the alternative therapy of CD (acupuncture, yoga, phytoestrogen collections, and food additives) is discussed. For heightening the efficiency and safety of the therapy of CD the training in detection of CD signs both for female patients and nurses, psychologists, social workers is proposed
A CAMAC-USB crate controller
No full text79-83A controller providing communication between a computer and a CAMAC crate via the USB bus is described. For this purpose, the controller includes a DLP-USB245M module, which allows a programmer to work with the controller through a virtual COM port and, at the same time, provides all the advantages of the USB standard. We consider versions of interactions of the DLP-USB module with controller registers on a programmable logic array and on the microcontroller.</p
Affective disorders in comorbidity with alcohol addiction: clinical and dynamic features, social adaptation level of patients
No full textThe aim of the study was to reveal clinical and dynamic characteristics of affective disorders (AD) in comorbidity with alcohol addiction (AA).Materials and methods. 65 patients with affective disorders [22 women (34%) and 43 men (66%)] were examined. The main group included 34 patients aged 44.5 [36.0; 51.5] with affective disorders and comorbid alcohol addiction The comparison group included 31 patients aged 45 years [32; 52] with affective disorders without comorbid narcological pathology. Compared groups were matched by sex, age and nosological structure (p > 0.05). The following methods were used in the study: clinical and psychopathological, clinical follow-up, psychometric, statistical, as well as these psychometric scales: Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS).Results. The comparative assessment of clinical and dynamic characteristics of affective disorders and social adaptation level was conducted. Chronology of occurrence of comorbid affective disorders and alcohol addiction was analyzed.Conclusion. Addition of alcohol addiction to affective disorders worsens the clinical and dynamic indices and social adaptation level of patients
Clinical description of affective disorders and efficiency of antidepressant therapy
No full textObjective: to identify the structure and clinical features of affective disorders (AD) and efficiency of antidepressants in in-patients with chronic coronary artery disease (ChCAD), living in Tomsk and the Tomsk Region.Materials and мethods. At a heart center, 1,131 patients with ChCAD were examined: in 290 persons (25.6%) AD were revealed, among them 72.1% were men (n = 209) and 27.9% were women (n = 81). Mean age of women was (63.5 ± 9.4) years and in men (57.9 ± 7.2) years (р = 0.004). AD structure, main syndromes, severity of depression and anxiety according to data of self-questionnaires and clinical scales before and after antidepressant therapy (predominantly with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI)) were studied. Comparative analysis of clinical indices of CAD respective from AD, presence of antidepressant therapy and its efficiency was performed.Results. Chronic AD were found in 45% of patients. Newly diagnosed depressive episodes made up 24.5% and recurrent depressive disorder (RDD) was 24%. 6.5% were bipolar affective disorders (BAD), predominantly bipolar II disorders. Depressive syndrome in 91.7% of patients had the second significant component (more frequently 54.8%). Characteristic of the clinical picture was dominance of complaints of bodily discomfort and pain, anergy and anhedonia. Moderate mental disturbances made up 49.0% (CGI). AD manifested at the age of 48 (40–55) years and preceded development of ChCAD. Natural course of AD was observed in 52.4% of cases. 47.6% (138/290) of patients received antidepressants, and only in 42% (58/138) clinically significant improvement was noted (more than 50% according to CGI). It was difficult to encourage patient adherence to long-term therapy (30–50% according to CGI). Physical activity tolerance (PAT) according to data of veloergometry increased in responders. Psychopharmaco- and psychotherapy should be included into rehabilitative programs for patients with ChCAD and AD
LED-technologies for bright light therapy
No full textThe significance of the LED-based medical equipment design is caused by the need to make up for the sunshine shortfall in many areas of Russia (Siberia, the Far East, the Extreme North) that will allow reducing dramatically the risk of seasonal affective disorders. The sunshine is the essential synchronizer of the human biological rhythms, the abnormality of which plays an important role in the seasonal affective disorder nature. The study allows proving the object database development able to meet the human demand for a comfortable and high-quality placemaking as well as the health potential recoverability
Association of polymorphic variants of PIP5K2A and HTR2C genes with response to antidepressant therapy of patients with a current depressive episode
No full textDevelopment of a neutron converter for studies of neutron-induced fission fragments at the IGISOL facility
No full text
Депрессивные расстройства у женщин в климактерическом возрасте (обзор зарубежной литературы за 2012–2016 гг.)
No full textObjective: to systematically review foreign literature and interpret results of the review. Tasks: to review foreign papers where factors are considered which provoke development of depression: hormonal, psychological, social as well as neuromediators, hormonal and immune disturbances in depressive disorders in women with physiological climacteric and climacteric syndrome; issues of differential diagnostics of depressions, psychopharmaco- and psychotherapy with subsequent evaluation of clinical efficiency; personality profile of pateints with affective psychopathology.Methods of search: by keywords in Web of Science Core Collection database across foreign journals (2012– 2016). Criteria of inclusion of papers in the review are determined by themes of studies: 1) women of climacteric age; 2) presence of depression or depressive symptoms; 3) presence of climacteric disturbances. In the abstract-bibliographic and scientometric database Web of Science Core Collection 70 bibliographic sources are selected across foreign journals between 2012 and 2016, including journals with high Impact Factor. Studies included in the review are performed at the university clinics, specialized centers. Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of female patients meet the criterion of compatibility. Most discussed papers are devoted to study of clinical and social-psychological factors of development of climacteric depression. In a number of papers the efficiency of antidepressant therapy, alternative methods and supplementary therapy in women with depressive disorders, climacteric disturbances and co-occurring physical diseases is shown. Most works are performed with involvement of questionnaires (sociodemographic data, anamnesis) and international clinical scales. The main results of the discussed papers are outlined in thematic rubrics.Conclusion. The European and American papers are used in this review more frequently; studies from Asian countries are used more seldom. Reviewed foreign publications reflect worldwide trend to increase of climacteric depression (CD) in the female population with presence in the anamnesis of adolescent (psychoendocrine alteration) and postpartum depression, premenstrual syndrome. Low timely diagnostics of depressions, high incidence rate of somaticized CD are noted. In the structure of climacteric syndrome the psychoemotional disturbances predominate above neurovegetative and metabolic-endocrine or are combined with vegetative dysfunction. The participation in formation of CD (with predominance of mild/moderate severity) of neurohormonal, genetic, biochemical, social-environmental, psychological factors is shown. In the reviewed sources low mood, loss of previous priorities, decrease of productivity and concentration of attention, position of being unprotected, dependence, lack of confidence, self-humiliation, repentance, unbelief in future, insomnias, hypo-/hyperrexia with change of body mass are described in CD but there are no publications on suicidal ideation. It is indicated that CD can flow with hysteric- and nosophobic, somatohypochondriac and asthenohypochondriac component. The authors consider that somatization as an experience of climacteric stress leads to somaticized CD with accent on physical symptoms and repression of depression and anxiety although an association of specific somatic nosologies with symptoms of CD is not described. The association of CD with social-environmental factors (gender, education, profession, social position, financial wealth) is discussed, achievement of the woman is considered as a actor of reduction of CD risk. The authors are highly interested in search for genetic markers (heredity, suicides in relatives), impairment of neuromediator exchange (neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline), neuromorphologic alterations in brain sensorimotor cortex (motor function, attention, perception, memory, and emotional-motivational response), hormonal disturbances (neuroendocrine and metabolic) and psychoneuroimmunological patterns of association with CD. Psychopharmacotherapy in CD is constructed with account for depressive symptoms (antidepressants of activating/sedative action in long-term maintenance regime), background and co-occurring diseases (adequate and pathogenetic and immunotherapy) with involvement in case of absence of contraindications of substitutive hormonotherapy (estrogen, progesterone). Beyond conventional schemes of the therapy the alternative therapy of CD (acupuncture, yoga, phytoestrogen collections, and food additives) is discussed. For heightening the efficiency and safety of the therapy of CD the training in detection of CD signs both for female patients and nurses, psychologists, social workers is proposed. Цель: обзор зарубежной периодики с интерпретацией результатов.Задачи: обзор зарубежных работ, в которых рассматриваются провоцирующие развитие депрессии факторы: гормональный, психологический, социальный, а также нейромедиаторные, гормональные и иммунные нарушения при депрессивных расстройствах у женщин с физиологическим климактерием и климактерическим синдромом; дифференциальная диагностика, психофармако- и психотерапия депрессий с оценкой клинической эффективности; личностный профиль пациентов с аффективной психопатологией.Методы поиска: по ключевым словам в базе данных Web of Science Core Collection по зарубежным журналам (2012–2016 гг.).Критерии включения статей в обзор: 1) женщины климактерического возраста; 2) депрессии или депрессивные симптомы; 3) климактерические нарушения. В реферативно-библиографической наукометрической базе Web of Science Core Collection по зарубежным журналам, в том числе с высоким импакт-фактором, выбрано 70 библиографических источников. Вошедшие в обзор исследования выполнены в университетских клиниках, специализированных центрах. Клинические и социально-демографические характеристики отвечают критерию сопоставимости. Большинство работ посвящено изучению клинических и социально-психологических факторов развития климактерической депрессии (КД). В ряде работ показана эффективность антидепрессивной терапии, альтернативных методов, дополнительного лечения у женщин с депрессивными расстройствами, климактерическими нарушениями и сопутствующими соматическими заболеваниями. Преобладают исследования, выполненные с привлечением анкетного опроса (социально-демографические данные, анамнез) и международных клинических шкал. Основные результаты обсуждаемых статей изложены в тематических рубриках.Заключение. С большей частотой встречаются европейские и американские работы, реже – из стран Азии. Публикации отражают мировую тенденцию к росту КД в женской популяции с наличием в анамнезе депрессии подростковой и послеродовой, предменструального синдрома. Отмечаются низкая своевременная диагностика депрессий, высокая встречаемость соматизированной КД. В структуре климактерического синдрома психоэмоциональные нарушения преобладают над нейровегетативными и обменно-эндокринными либо сочетаются с вегетативной дисфункцией. В формировании КД участвуют нейрогормональные, генетические, биохимические, социально-средовые, психологические факторы. При КД описаны угнетенное настроение, утрата жизненных приоритетов, снижение работоспособности и концентрации внимания, незащищенность, несамостоятельность, неуверенность, самоуничижение, раскаяние, неверие в будущее, инсомнии, гипо- и гиперрексия, но отсутствуют публикации по суицидальной настроенности. КД может протекать с истеро- и нозофобическим, соматоипохондрическим или астеноневротическим компонентом. Соматизация как переживание климактерического стресса приводит к соматизированной КД с акцентом на соматические симптомы и вытеснением депрессии и тревоги, хотя не описано ассоциированности конкретных соматических нозологий с КД. Обсуждается связь КД с социально-средовыми факторами (пол, образование, профессия, положение, финансовая состоятельность). Интерес авторов в развитии КД вызывает поиск генетических маркеров, нарушения нейромедиаторного обмена, нейроморфологические изменения в сенсомоторной коре головного мозга, гормональные и психонейроиммунологические нарушения. Психофармакотерапия при КД учитывает депрессивную симптоматику (антидепрессанты активизирующего и (или) седативного действия в длительном режиме), сопутствующие заболевания (патогенетическая и иммунотерапия, заместительная гормонотерапия эстрогеном, прогестероном). Обсуждается альтернативное лечение КД. Для повышения эффективности и безопасности лечения КД предлагается научение распознаванию признаков КД самих пациентов, медицинских работников, психологов, социальных работников.
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