267 research outputs found
Lith. <em>rìsti</em>, <em>rìta</em> “roll”, OCS ‑<em>rěsti</em>, ‑<em>ręštǫ</em> “find” and the PIE root *<em>ret</em>- in Balto-Slavic
No full textLie. rìsti, rìta (la. rist, ritu), riẽsti, riẽčia (la. rìest, rìešu) ir sl. *‑rě̋sti, *‑rę̋t(j)ǫ, *‑rě̋tъ „rasti“ kildinami iš ide. šaknies *ret- „risti“ (plg. s. air. rethid „bėga“; lie. rãtas, s. v. a. rad, lo. rota ir kt. „ratas“). Ide. prokalbei galima rekonstruoti Narteno prezensą *rḗts‑ti/*rét‑ti, kuris baltų-slavų prokalbėje buvo tematizuotas į *rēt‑e/o‑ ir įgijo nulinio laipsnio aoristo-bendraties kamieną *t‑ > *irt‑ → *rit‑ (su metateze pagal prez. *rēt-). Sudėtingas morfologinis perdirbimas į prez. *rē‑n‑t‑()e/o- slavų prokalbėje priklausė nuo semantinės raidos „risti“ > „bėgti“ > „rasti“. Ankstyvojoje baltų prokalbėje neįprasta abliauto paradigma *rēt‑e/o- : *rit‑ buvo perdirbta į dėsningą *reit‑e/o- : *rit‑, kuri vėlyvesnėje baltų veiksmažodžio raidos stadijoje skilo į du pirminius veiksmažodžius *risti, *rita ir *reisti, *reita.</p
Analysis of photo- and thermo-reflectance signals in the case of transparent layers on an opaque substrate
No full textPhotothermal experiments on transparent film are extremely complex because of the optical modification such as reflective index and or expansion due to the heat source localised inside the layer. This paper presents a numerical model showing the interaction between reflectivity, thickness and thermal effects
Practical issues relating to the taxation of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("REITs") in South Africa.
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.In this dissertation, the author focuses on the practical tax issues relating to the recently adopted South African Real Estate Investment Trust tax dispensation, by discussing international principles of Real Estate Investment Trust taxation and two foreign regimes, i.e. the US and UK Real Estate Investment Trust regimes which, it is understood, were used as a basis for the South African legislation. In addition, the dissertation discusses the details of the South African property investment vehicles regime pre- 1 April 2013, and the new Real Estate Investment Trust tax regime applicable from 1 April 2013. Furthermore, it looks at suggestions and possible improvement to the taxation of Real Estate Investment Trusts in South Africa and whether the proposed amendments released by National Treasury, on 4 July 2013, satisfactorily address the issues raised in this dissertation
A APLICAÇÃO DO PRINCÍPIO DA PROIBIÇÃO DE RETROCESSO NO ÂMBITO DO DIREITO AMBIENTAL DO TRABALHO
No full textThis article has by scope deal about the application of principle of the prohibition of socioenvironmental retrogression in matters of environmental right of the work, in order to analyze if and to what extent this provides observance to the duty of the State of protection of the fundamental right to the environmental of the work balanced. For this purpose, a bibliographic research and the use of the deductive method were adopted, seeking to demonstrate the need for effectiveness of the fundamental right highlighted to the protection of the dignity of the human person, which reflects, consequently, at linkage and limitation of the actions of state powers in such a field. Subsequently, the essential content of the fundamental right in vogue was discussed, presenting it as a limit to the possibility of restrictions, as well was discoursed about the principle of the prohibition of socioenvironmental regression and the level of protection that it allows, if applied. The research made possible to verify that the principle on screen doesn\u27t make unfeasible all and any alteration intended by the Public Power, imposing, though, the need of observance of criteria, as the application of the rule of the proportionality, so that there, for example, the preservation of the essential content of the right. Finally, the research took to the conclusion that the application of the principle highlighted, if indeed accomplished, enables the protection of the essential content of the right to the environmental of the work balanced, so that it does not remain fulminated in a scenario of constants changes, including legislative ones.Este artigo tem por escopo versar sobre a aplicação do princípio da proibição de retrocesso socioambiental em matéria de direito ambiental do trabalho, de modo a analisar se e em que medida essa propicia observância ao dever estatal de proteção do direito fundamental ao meio ambiente de trabalho equilibrado. Para tanto, adotou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e a utilização do método dedutivo, buscando demonstrar a necessidade de efetivação do direito fundamental em destaque para a proteção da dignidade da pessoa humana, o que reflete, consequentemente, na vinculação e limitação da atuação dos poderes estatais em tal seara. Posteriormente, abordou-se o conteúdo essencial do direito fundamental em voga, apresentando-o como limite à possibilidade de restrições, bem como discorreu-se acerca do princípio da proibição do retrocesso socioambiental e qual o nível de proteção que esse possibilita, caso aplicado. A pesquisa possibilitou constatar que o princípio em tela não inviabiliza toda e qualquer alteração pretendida pelo Poder Público, impondo, todavia, a necessidade de observância de critérios, como a aplicação da regra da proporcionalidade, para que haja, v. g., a preservação do conteúdo essencial do direito. Por fim, a pesquisa levou à conclusão de que a aplicação do princípio em destaque, se deveras realizada, possibilita a proteção do conteúdo essencial do direito ao ambiente laboral equilibrado, de maneira a que este não reste fulminado em um cenário de constantes alterações, inclusive legislativas
Thermal modification of wood and a complex study of its properties by magnetic resonance and other methods
No full text© 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.Thermal modification of wood is an effective method to improve some of the properties of wood. It is reported on studies of vacuum thermal-treated wood species by magnetic resonance methods. Wood species such as Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), birch (Betula pendula), Russian larch (Larix sibirica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata) were vacuum treated by heat at 220 °C with various durations up to 8 h. This selection of wood species was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance and microscopy methods before and after the thermal treatment. Electron paramagnetic resonance experiments revealed changes in the amount of free radicals in samples with the thermal treatment duration. Additional information on magnetic relaxation of 1H nuclei in samples at room temperature was obtained. Optical microscope analysis helped to detect structural changes in the thermally modified wood. Important properties of wood such as wood hardness and humidity absorption were also studied. The original results that were obtained correlate and complement each other, and clarify changes in the wood structure that appear with the heat treatment
Thermal modification of wood and a complex study of its properties by magnetic resonance and other methods
No full textInternational audienceThermal modification of wood is an effective method to improve some of the properties of wood. It is reported on studies of vacuum thermal-treated wood species by magnetic resonance methods. Wood species such as Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), birch (Betula pendula), Russian larch (Larix sibirica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata) were vacuum treated by heat at 220 °C with various durations up to 8 h. This selection of wood species was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance and microscopy methods before and after the thermal treatment. Electron paramagnetic resonance experiments revealed changes in the amount of free radicals in samples with the thermal treatment duration. Additional information on magnetic relaxation of 1H nuclei in samples at room temperature was obtained. Optical microscope analysis helped to detect structural changes in the thermally modified wood. Important properties of wood such as wood hardness and humidity absorption were also studied. The original results that were obtained correlate and complement each other, and clarify changes in the wood structure that appear with the heat treatment
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