1,720,974 research outputs found
Results of Bard BTA test in monitoring patients with a history of transitional cell cancer of the bladder
No full textObjectives. To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the Bard BTA test compared with bladder washing cytology in patients with a history of transitional cell bladder cancer undergoing routine follow-up cystoscopy. Methods. During routine follow-up for transitional cell bladder cancer, 75 patients underwent cystoscopy, bladder washing cytology, and the Bard BTA test, a latex agglutination test that qualitatively detects basement membrane complexes in voided urine. From October 1994 to October 1995, a total of 104 Bard BTA test examinations were performed. The results of the Bard BTA test were compared with those attained with cystoscopy and bladder washing cytology. Results. Cystoscopy found tumors in 13 cases. The Bard BTA test was diagnostic in 7 (54%) cases; it was more sensitive than bladder washing cytology, which was positive in only 3 (23%) cases. However, the specificity of the Bard BTA was lower (9% clinically unconfirmed positive tests) than that attained with cytology. In 2 patients (2%) in whom the cystoscopy was negative, the Bard BTA test was predictive for a positive cystoscopy 3 and 5 months later. Conclusions. The Bard BTA test is a noninvasive test that may be an important addition to cystoscopy and cytology in the routine surveillance of patients with a history of transitional cell cancer of the bladder. (C) 1997, Elsevier Science Inc
Prostate carcinoma: assesment of microscopic and macroscopic capsular penetration on endorectal coil magnetic resonance images
No full text
RADIOTHERAPY WITH O WITHOUT ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION IN THE TREATMENT OF LOCALIZED ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE PROSTATE
No full textProstate cancer: evaluation with endorectal MR imaging and three-dimensional proton MR spectroscopic imaging.
No full textTo establish the additional value of MR Spectroscopy (3D CSI MRS Three-dimensional Chemical Shift Imaging Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy) to endorectal MR in the diagnosis and grading of prostate cancer.MR and 3D CSI MR spectroscopy were performed in 53 patients with suspicion of prostate cancer on the basis of rectal exploration and/or transrectal ultrasound and/or the PSA levels. All the examinations were performed with a 1.5 T imager using an endorectal coil. We acquired axial and coronal T2-weighted FSE sequences, axial T1-weighted SE sequences and PRESS 3D CSI (Point Resolved Spectroscopy 3D Chemical Shift Imaging) sequences localized on the axial T2 images so as to include the prostatic gland while excluding the periprostatic fat. The MR examinations were evaluated by two radiologists unaware of the clinical data, transrectal ultrasound findings, PSA levels and histological findings. The MR and 3D CSI MRS findings were compared with the biopsy findings in 22 cases and with material obtained from laparoscopic prostatectomy in 31 cases.The histological examination revealed adenocarcinoma in 37 cases, prostatitis in 2 cases and no alterations in the remaining 14 cases. The morphologic MR scan showed a sensitivity of 76\%, a specificity of 56\%, an accuracy of 70\%, a PPV of 80\% and a NPV of 50\%. By combining MR and 3D CSI MRS we obtained a sensitivity of 95\%, a specificity of 81\%, an accuracy of 91\%, a PPV of 92\% and a NPV of 87\%. Elevated choline concentrations were found both in tumours with a low Gleason score (18 cases) and in those with a high Gleason score (19 cases); instead we found markedly reduced (n=9) or absent (n=4) citrate only in the tumours with a high Gleason score, while we found normal citrate levels in the 18 tumours with a low Gleason score.The 3D CSI MRS improved the reliability of endorectal MR in the diagnosis and characterisation of prostatic cancer. Moreover, the 3D CSI MRS findings demonstrated a linear correlation with tumour grade
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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