90 research outputs found
Vlaijanie harakteristik ličnosti na uspešnost' v igre v ručnoj mjač
No full textUtvrđena je slaba pozitivna povezanost između efikasne regulacije konverzivno-asteničnog tipa ponašanja i situaciono-motoričke sposobnosti brzine kretanja bez lopte u sekvencama tipičnim za rukometnu igru.
Utjecaj konativnih regulativnih mehanizama na uspješnost u igri nije se pokazao statistički značajnim, pa je zaključeno da je potrebno novo istraživanje ovog problema sa drugačije definiranim načinom ocjenjivanja uspješnosti u igri.The influence of player personality structure on performance in handball was investigated on a group of 53 students of the Faculty of Physical Education in Zagreb whose level in handball on average equalled that of the local league.
The results of the subjects regrading personality factors, which served as the predictive set of the variables, were determined on the basis of regression coefficients stablished in the investigation of Momirović, Horga and Bosnar. 1982. The following personality factors, i. e. conative regulatory mechanisms were tested:
- efficacy of the system for regulation and control of defence reactions
- efficacy of the system for regulation and control of attack reactions
- efficacy of the system for regulation and control of organic functions
- efficacy of the system for homeostatic regulation
- efficacy of the system for integration of regulatory functions
- efficacy of the system for regulation and control of the activity level.
The performance variables of the first criterial set were defined as factor values of the subjects' situational motoric abilities in handball, based on a confirmative factor analysis of 22 tests of situational motoric abilities (Pavlin, Šimenc and Delija, 1982). The situational motoric abilities were as follows:
- precision (PRECIZ)
- manipulation with the ball (BARLOP)
- speed of movement with the ball (BKRSLO)
- speed of movement without the ball (BKRBLO)
- ball-throwing power (SIZBLO)
The performance variables of the second criterial set were defined as the efficacy of the subjects in various elements of the game. These were independently evaluated by competent experts on a scale of one to five, with each element being evaluated separately after observation of the subjects over four matches. The following elements were evaluated:
- efficacy of technique (TEHNIK)
- efficacy of tactics in attack (NAPAD)
- efficacy of tactics in defence (obrana)
- creativity (STVARA)
- responsibility (ODGOVOR)
- commitment (ANGAZI)
- behaviour (PONASA)
- general impression of players efficacy (OPCOCJ).
A quasicanonical correlation analysis (Momirović, Dobrić and Karaman, 1983) was used to determine the correlation between handball player personality structure and results for situational motoric factors, and separately between personality structure and evaluations of performance in handball. The influence of personality structure on the results of the subjects for each individual situational motoric ability and on each individual evaluation of performance was determined by a quasiregressional analysis (Štalec and Momirović, 1983).
A weak positive correlation was observed between efficient regulation of the conversion-asthenic type of behaviour and the situational motoric ability speed of movement without the ball in sequence typical for handball.
The influence of conative regulatory mechanisms on performance, in the game was not statistically significant and therefore it was concluded that a new investigation of this problem is required with a differently defined manner of evaluating performance
Hrvatsko i slovensko /v/ u akustičkoj usporedbi
No full textHrvaški in slovenski fonem /v/ opisujejo kot zobnoustnični aproksimant. Poleg nevtralne realizacije fonemov se lahko v hrvaščini realizira alofonska različica [w], v slovenščini pa različice [u], [u̯], [w] in [ʍ]. S pomočjo programa Praat smo analizirali trajanje, težišče spektra, njegovo razpršenost, NHR, naklon spektra, jakost amplitude žarišča spektra in intenzivnost realizacije fonema /v/ na govornem vzorcu, v katerem so po tri izvirne govorke hrvaščine in slovenščine prebrale seznam besed v svojem jeziku.The Croatian and Slovene phoneme /v/ is described as a labiodental approximant. Apart from neutral articulation one allophonic variant [w] can be realised in Croatian and four in Slovene: [u], [u̯], [w] and [ʍ]. Using the programme Praat the sound duration, centre of gravity of spectrum, standard deviation of the centre of gravity, HNR, skewness, kurtosis, amplitude of centre of gravity and intensity of the realised phoneme /v/ were compared in a sample of words read by three female native speakers of Croatian and three of Slovene
Comparing Deaf and Hearing Dutch Infants: changes in the vowel space in the first two years
No full textThe influence of the assimilation operator, speech rate and linguistic boundary on the production of /z/ in Croatian
No full textIt is widely accepted that invariant and discrete phonological units at the linguistic level are transformed into variable and continuous movements of speech organs, which in turn results in equally continuous acoustical results. The variability of phonemic units depends on neighbouring phonetic units, but also on the various linguistic, communicational and pragmatic contexts of a particular speech act. The influence of phonetic units upon each other results in adaptations, coarticulations and assimilations. By means of assimilation at least one distinctive feature of a phoneme is changed, so the observed phoneme becomes similar to its neighbouring sound – the assimilation operator. This paper is aimed at analysing the influence of speech rate on assimilation processes in the voiced fricative /z/, when it is preceded by sounds /s, z, ʃ, ʒ / in four different types of articulatory joint: sentence, clausal, lexemic and proclitical. The articulatory joint refers to the production of two phonemes separated by different types of linguistic boundaries. Twenty female native speakers of Croatian with no history of speech or hearing impairments read a text at both natural and fast speech rates. The acoustical recording was performed in a sound-treated room. The Praat software was used to analyse six variables in all occurrences of the sound /z/: duration, spectrum centre of gravity, standard deviation of the centre of gravity, spectral skewness, spectral kurtosis, and harmonic to noise ratio. The results showed that various linguistic boundaries, speech rates and sounds as assimilation operators influence the degree of assimilation of the phoneme /z/, as measured by the acoustic variables
Relationship of conative characteristics and motor abilities
No full textOpisani su različiti tipovi istraživanja relacija konativnih karakteristika i motoričkih sposobnosti, kako ih je grupirao autor. Prvi je tip istraživanja posvećen problemu kako neka konativna dimenzija djeluje na uspjeh u izabranom motoričkom zadatku. Drugi se tip istraživanja bavi usporedbom određenih dimenzija ličnosti grupa ispitanika koji participiraju u nekoj sportskoj disciplini i oniih koji u sportu uopće ne sudjeluju. U ovu su skupinu uvrštena i ona istraživanja koja se bave utjecajem treninga na dimenzije ličnosti.
Treći je tip istaživanja detaljno opisan u članku, jer su to istraživanja koja su se služila bilo kojom od metoda utvrđivanja relacija konativnih i motoričkih dimenzija. Ova istraživanja ukazuju na pretpostavku da u području toničke regulacije ponašanja postoji određeni broj mehanizama čija normalna funkcija po definiciji, ne bi trebala ometati fizičko, pa niti motoričko funkcioniranje. Ipak, normalno funkcioniranje toničkih mehanizama treba biti različitog intenziteta, ovisno o vrsti mehanizma i o tip motoričke aktivnosti, da bi pojedini motorički zadatak bio što je bolje moguće riješen, odnosno da bi se motoričke sposobnosti manifestirale do svog maksimuma.Various types of research on the relations between personality traits and motor ability, as grouped by the author, have been described in the work. The first type of research deals with the problem of the effect of a particular personality dimension on the success in a chosen motor task. The second type of research deals with the comparison between specific personality dimensions of a group of subjects who are participants in a sports discipline as opposed to those who do not take part in any sport whatsoever. In this group is also the research dealing with the effect of training on personality dimensions.
The third type of research has been in detail described in the article because this research has made use of every type of method to establish the relations between the personality and motor dimensions. This research leads to the assumption that in the area of tonic regulation of behavior there exists a certain number of mechanisms whose normal function should not, by definition, thwart phasic of motor functioning. However, normal functioning of tonic mechanisms must be of varying intensity, depending on the sort of mechanism and the type of motor activity, in order to solve the particular motor task as well as possible, i. e. so that motor abilities manifest themselves to a maximum
The image of the Jews in the Romanian collective mentality and their past and present situation in Romania
No full textThe Jews of Romania were a particular ethnic group which, during history, had to bear a lot of discriminations. In modern epoch they could attend schools only by paying substantial fees, very few of them had the Romanian citizenship until 1918 and they could not be active in all professions. The interwar period meant for the Jews the time when they had the most rights in Romania, while, during the war, the anti-Jewish laws, forced labour, deportations in Transnistria were established, and the Jews from North-West Transylvania were sent by Hungarian authorities in German concentration camps. Romanians often displayed feelings of hostility towards the Jews, mostly in periods when the situation of their country was precarious. This paper will also present a few negative features used by Romanians in order to define the Jews. Last, but not least, the author wanted to show how the Holocaust was regarded by historians and politicians. And here, I noticed that in communist times, when the political elites had the intention to assimilate the Jews, it was considered that during the Holocaust several democratic groups were persecuted or, later, the responsability for Holocaust was put only on Germans. During post-1989 period, integral or partial negation of Holocaust, or its trivialization by comparison, continued to exist
Vlijanie harakteristiki ličnosti na uspešnost' v futbole
No full textKada je uspješnost u nogometu bila određena kao rezultat ispitanika na faktorima situaciono-motoričkih sposobnosti utvrđen je slab negativan utjecaj generalnog neurotizma na situaciono motoričke sposobnosti tipa koordinacije, te, slab pozitivan utjecaj blage (normalne) introvertiranosti na situaciono-motoričke sposobnosti tipa psihomotorne brzine.
Kada je uspješnost u nogometu bila određena kao efikasnost ispitanika u različitim elementima igre, koje su precijenili kompetentni stručnjaci na jednom uzorku utakmica, nije bila utvrđena povezanost između konativnih regulativnih mehanizama i uspješnosti u nogometu.An attempt was made to determine the influence of the presonality structure of players on their performance in football. The subjects of the study were 51 students of the Faculty of Physical Education in Zagreb whose football skill was at the level of the local league.
On the basis of regression coefficients for the estimation of personality factors, determined in the investigation of Momirovic et al., 1982, the predictive set of variables included the results of the subjects with regard to the following factors:
- efficacy of the system for regulation and control of defensive reactions
- efficacy of the system for regulation and control of attack reactions
- efficacy of the system for regulation and control of organic functions
- efficacy of the system of homeostatic regulation
- efficacy of the system for integration of regulatory functions
- efficacy of the system for regulation of activity.
The criterial variables of performance in football were determined in two ways.
The performance variables of the first criterial set were defined as the factor values of the subjects tested in the following situational motoric abilities (according to the results of the confirmative factor anylsis pf 20 tests of situational motoric abilities by Gabrijelic. Jerkovic, Aubrecht and Elsner, 1982.):
- precision of the hitting a target (PRECRC)
- manipulation with the ball (BARATL)
- speed of dribbling (BRZVOD)
- ball-kicking power (SNAUDL)
- speed of non-linear running (BKRIVT).
The performance variables of the second criterial set were defined as the efficacy of the subjects in various elements of the game. Each individual element was evaluated separately on a scale of 1-5 by component experts who observed each subject over a series of matches. The following elements were evaluated:
- efficacy of technique (TECHNIK)
- efficacy in the phase of attack (NAPAD)
- efficacy in the phase of defence (OBRANA)
- creativity (STVARA)
- responsibility (ODGOVO)
- commitment (ANGAZI)
- behaviour during the game (PONASA)
- general performance (OPCOCJ).
The correlation between player personality structure and results for situational motoric factors and between personality and evaluations of performance was determined by a quasicanonical correlation analysis(Momirović, Dobrid and Karaman, 1983), while the influence of personality structure on each individual situational motoric ability adn each individual evaluation of performance was determined by a quasiregressional analysis (Stalec adn Momirovic, 1983).
When the criterial set of performance variables was defined by situational motoric abilities, the first significant pair of quasicanonical factors showed a moderate correlation between the efficacy of regulation of almost all conative mechanisms, especially those for regulation of attack and defence reactions and organic functions together with good homeostatic regulation, and the situational motoric abilities of precision of hitting a target and manipulation with the ball. Thus, a weak negative influence of general neuroticism on coordinative types of situational motoric abilities was observed. The second significant pair of canonical factors showed a moderate correlation between lower activity levels (mechanism) and a simultaneous good regulation of integrative functions and the situational motoric ability of non-linear running speed, and a somewhat lower correlation between these conative factors and dribbling speed and ball-kicking power. In other words, there was a week positive influence of normal introversion on the speed category of situational abilities.
When the criterial set of performance variables was defined by evaluations of performance in real matches, odly one significant pair of canonical factors was obtained whose structure showed that there was no correlation between efficacy in techno-tactical elements of football and player personality structure. These results were confirmed by the quasiregressional analysis since with the system of conative regulatory mechanisms it was possible to predict significantly only elements of behaviour and not the techno-tactical efficacy of the players
Vlijanie reguljacionnyh mehanizmov ličnosti na uspešnost' v basketbole
No full textNa uzorku od 50 studenata Fakulteta za fizičku kulturu određene su relacije između konativnih regulativnih mehanizama i uspješnosti u košarci, određene na dva način: kao rezultati ispitanika na faktorima situaciono-motoričkih sposobnosti košarkša, te kao procjene uspješnosti u toku regularnih utakmica.
Dobijeni rezultati dopuštaju zaključak da su situaciono-motoričke sposobnosti košarkaša pod osrednjim utjecajem konativnih regulativnih mehanizama, a naročito onih za regulaciju homeostaze i reakcije napada, dok uspješnost igranja košarke, barem određena procjenom kompetentnih stručnjaka i na uzorku ispitanika osrednjeg košarkaškog znanja, ne zavisi od strukture ličnosti igrača.50 subjects were selected from among second and third year students of the Faculty of Physical Education who had the best results in the practical examination in basketball and who had, in the main, participated in official basketball matches and were at approximately the republic league level. They were divided into 10 teams of equal quality and these teams played a total of 20 matches according to the rules of the International Basketball Federation. The umpires were played a total of 20 matches according to the rules of the International Basketball Federation. The umpires were of federal or international level.
Independent observers evaluated the performance of each player, awarding points on a scale of 1-5for the following eight elements of the game:
- technical efficacy (TEHNIK)
- performance in the phase of attack (NAPAD)
- performance in the phase of defence (OBRANA)
- creativity (STVARA)
- responsibility (ODGOVO)
- commitment (ANGAZI)
- behaviour (PONASA)
- general performance (OPCOCJ).
Apart from participating in these matches, the subjects were given situational-motoric tests in basketball. The results of these tests were consended into the following five factors of basketball players' situational -motoric abilities:
- precision of passing (PRECDO)
- precision of shooting (PRECUB)
- manipulation with the ball (MANLOP)
- efficacy of movement with and without the ball (EFKRET)
- ball-throwing power (SNAIZB).
The personality structure of the players was also established following the procedure of Momirovic et al. 1982. on the basis of which six factors were used to evaluate the efficiency of the conative systems of regulation and control. These factors are:
- defence reaction
- attack reaction
- organic functions
- homeostasis
- integration of regulative functions
- activity.
The relationship between player personality structure and evaluations of performance in basketball, and between personality and situational-motoric abilities were established by means of quasicanonical and SRA regression analysis.
The results obtained led to the conclusion that situational-motoric abilities of basketball players are affected to a moderate degree by conative regulatory mechanisms, especially those for the regulation of homeostasis and attack reactions. On the other hand, performance in basketball , at least when defined by the judgement of component experts with respect to subjects with a moderate knowledge of basketball, does not depend on the personality structure of players. In view of the fact that a high correlation has been established between situational-motoric abilities and performance in basketball, and in view of the results of certain investigations (Widmeyer and Martens, 1978) it will be necessary to confirm whether conative regulatory mechanisms do affect performance when this is evaluated in another way and on basketball players of better quality
- …
