162 research outputs found
TELOMERASE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE PROMOTER MUTATIONS IN A COHORT OF ADULT GLIOMAS – CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATES
No full textPurpose: This study characterizes diffuse gliomas (WHO grade II, III and IV) to determine the frequency of telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (TERTp) mutations, association of TERTp mutations with other molecular alterations and to assess the role of TERTp mutation in overall survival and progression free survival in relation to histological and molecular glioma subtypes.
Methods: This study analyzed a cohort of 107 adult patients with diffuse gliomas, WHO grades II and III and glioblastoma, by immunohistochemistry for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation, X-linked (ATRX) mutations, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for 1p/19q co-deletions and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing for TERTp mutation. Further, five glioma molecular sub-groups were derived using three molecular alterations and included the sub-groups with: i) IDH mutations only, ii) IDH and TERTp mutation only, iii) IDH and 1p/19q co-deletion only, iv) Triple negative and v) Triple positive.
Results: IDH mutations and 1p/19q co-deletions were individually and significantly associated with an improved progression free (p=0.001 and p=0.002 respectively) and overall survival (p=0.000 and p=0.005 respectively) in the present cohort of gliomas. TERTp mutations occurred frequently in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (94%), oligodendrogliomas (87.5%) and glioblastomas (54%). Sub-division into molecular sub-groups showed that the triple positive tumors carried the best prognosis, followed by IDH only, triple negative and finally the TERTp mutation only tumors (p-value <0.000).
Conclusion: This indicates that sub-classification using these molecular markers separates tumors into prognostically relevant categories
A study on the behavior of pile supported footings on sand
No full textWhen the bearing capacity is not adequate to provide isolated footings, columns are grouped and supported combined footing. However, if the settlement increases beyond the permissible limits, piles are provided below the combined footing, applying the concept of piled raft. In this case the piles function as settlement reducers. Such systems can be categorized as a particular case of the combined piled raft system. In the present study a typical case of a piled raft with relatively smaller width, supported on two rows of piles on the edges was studied with small scale 1g model tests for understanding the basic behavior and a numerical study to obtain the details of raft settlement and the shaft stress distribution along the pile length.Full Tex
Contribution of tin in electrochemical properties of zinc antimonate nanostructures: An electrode material for supercapacitors
No full textConcept of collective Nernstian-Capacitive mechanism in graphene nanosheets for electrochemical energy storage
No full textAlteration of proteins and pigments influence the function of photosystem I under iron deficiency from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
No full textBACKGROUND: Iron is an essential micronutrient for all organisms because it is a component of enzyme cofactors that catalyze redox reactions in fundamental metabolic processes. Even though iron is abundant on earth, it is often present in the insoluble ferric [Fe (III)] state, leaving many surface environments Fe-limited. The haploid green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is used as a model organism for studying eukaryotic photosynthesis. This study explores structural and functional changes in PSI-LHCI supercomplexes under Fe deficiency as the eukaryotic photosynthetic apparatus adapts to Fe deficiency. RESULTS: 77K emission spectra and sucrose density gradient data show that PSI and LHCI subunits are affected under iron deficiency conditions. The visible circular dichroism (CD) spectra associated with strongly-coupled chlorophyll dimers increases in intensity. The change in CD signals of pigments originates from the modification of interactions between pigment molecules. Evidence from sucrose gradients and non-denaturing (green) gels indicates that PSI-LHCI levels were reduced after cells were grown for 72 h in Fe-deficient medium. Ultrafast fluorescence spectroscopy suggests that red-shifted pigments in the PSI-LHCI antenna were lost during Fe stress. Further, denaturing gel electrophoresis and immunoblot analysis reveals that levels of the PSI subunits PsaC and PsaD decreased, while PsaE was completely absent after Fe stress. The light harvesting complexes were also susceptible to iron deficiency, with Lhca1 and Lhca9 showing the most dramatic decreases. These changes in the number and composition of PSI-LHCI supercomplexes may be caused by reactive oxygen species, which increase under Fe deficiency conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Fe deficiency induces rapid reduction of the levels of photosynthetic pigments due to a decrease in chlorophyll synthesis. Chlorophyll is important not only as a light-harvesting pigment, but also has a structural role, particularly in the pigment-rich LHCI subunits. The reduced level of chlorophyll molecules inhibits the formation of large PSI-LHCI supercomplexes, further decreasing the photosynthetic efficiency
Piled raft on sandy soil- An extensive study
No full textIn recent years, designers have recognized that in addition to bearing capacity, settlement of foundations must be taken into account. To reduce settlement of buildings, piled raft appears to be a solution for structures found on soft ground. To investigate the performance of piled rafts, model tests have been conducted on circular, square and rectangular raft supported on piles with different spacings between piles. Numerical analyses were carried out to verify the results obtained in the model tests. The performance of a 14-story building was analysed to compare with the settlement readings obtained. The results of numerical analyses appear to be very encouraging as the results of the analyses well agree with the results of model tests, as well as the settlement readings collected in 790 days for this 14-story building. The value of numerical analyses in back analyses and in prediction of settlement of buildings has thus been confirmed.Full Tex
Photocatalytic Water Pollutant Treatment: Fundamental, Analysis and Benchmarking
No full textPower-free, light-driven catalysis-based water treatment is a green approach compared to chemical-based water treatment techniques. In this context, a broad range of photocatalytic material is demonstrated for organic water pollutant treatment. However, understanding catalysis reaction at pollutant environment and by-product formation are ambiguous. In this view, this chapter discusses insights of photocatalysis in organic water pollutant treatment at different pollutants (textile dye, pharmaceutical drug and pesticide) using TiO2 as benchmarking photocatalyst. The analytical tools for evaluating the light-active and colourless pollutant before and after photocatalytic experiments are elaborately discussed. A comprehensive discussion on TiO2-based photocatalysis at different strategies such as metal doping, coated on host surface, and varying pH of the solution are clearly explaining the interrelationship between properties of semiconductor catalysts, processing parameters and photocatalytic performance. This chapter is resourceful for fundamental researchers on how to choose the photocatalysis experimental techniques for organic water pollutant treatment
Herpes Simplex 1 and Periopathogen Role in Peri-implantitis
No full textABSTRACT
Introduction
The objectives of this study were to compare the qualitative and quantitative profiles of herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) in implant surfaces between participants with periimplantitis (PI) and Healthy peri-implant tissues and to quantitatively assess the relation between HSV-1 and periopathogens inside the microbiological profile associated with PI.
Materials and methods
A total of 40 patients with PI and 40 with healthy peri-implant tissues (HI) were recruited. Plaque samples from peri-implant sulcus and internal implant connections were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect and quantify HSV-1 and periodontopathogens. Frequencies of detection and levels of microorganisms were compared between PI and HI; the frequencies and levels of periodontopathogens were compared between HSV-1+ and HSV-1- PI to assess qualitative relations between HSV-1 and bacteria. Correlation between HSV-1 and periodontopathogens levels was assessed in PI and HI.
Results
A total of 77 dental implants affected by PI, and 113 HIs were included. The HSV-1 prevalence was slightly higher in PI compared with controls (33.3 vs 23.8%; p > 0.05); HSV-1 was detected in external samples more frequently compared with internal samples. The HSV-1-positive patients revealed higher median loads of Prevotella intermedia (Pi) and Campylobacter rectus (Cr) compared with HSV-1-negative patients. In the PI group, a significant positive correlation was evidenced between HSV-1 and Tannerella forsythia, Parvimonas micra (Pm), Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Cr levels, while in the HI, positive correlation between HSV-1 and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Pi, and Pm was established.
Conclusion
The HSV-1 prevalence cannot be used to identify PI. The HSV-1 was found in similar levels of PI and HI patients after an average of 6 years of loaded implants. The HSV-1 prevalence cannot be used to identify implants with or without the presence of PI.
Clinical significance
Although HSV-1 is detected in PI site, HSV-1 may represent an unspecific indicator for the host response to the bacterial challenge observed in PI.
How to cite this article
Parthiban S, Ahmed N, Ramakrishnan T, Balakumar V, Raja M, Shekhar H. Herpes Simplex 1 and Periopathogen Role in Peri-implantitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(5):399-404.
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Fabrication of bismuth ferrite based hybrid nanostructures: Insight into a catalytic and sensing properties for the detection of biomolecules
No full textAssessment of arterial function recovery after surgical revascularization in PAD patients with micro-vascular insufficiency using computational model analysis
No full textPresented to the 11th Annual Symposium on Graduate Research and Scholarly Projects (GRASP) held at the Heskett Center, Wichita State University, April 24, 2015.Research completed at Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, College of Engineering & Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringPeripheral arterial disease (PAD) is characterized by atherosclerotic blockages of the arteries
supplying blood to the lower extremities, which cause a progressive accumulation of ischemic
injury. Despite revascularization treatment intervention some PAD patients require follow up
secondary treatment due to a continued decline in limb function, quality of life and walking
parameters. Standard revascularization surgical procedures restore blood flow in the main
arteries via bypass surgical grafting. Nutrient transport and oxygen transfer take place at the level
of the microvasculature and capillaries. However, an assessment of the microvascular circulation
is lacking. Microvascular dysfunction, a 'no flow' phenomena that may occur at the level of
microvasculature, may impair tissue oxygenation as well as nutrient transport and may therefore
be a contributor to the continued decline in limb function and walking parameters. Microvascular
dysfunction may be one of the dominating factors to be studied to understand the failure of the
arterial function recovery. Multi-physics simulation software was used to model the phenomena
to assess the effectiveness of the standard lower limb revascularization treatment in PAD patients
who may have microvascular dysfunction. Typical invasive revascularization surgery using
artificial bypass grafts to restore blood flow may fail to be effective if the PAD patient has
microvascular dysfunction. This model identifies the need to measure the microvascular
circulation in the compromised limbs of PAD patients to optimize diagnosis and treatment
strategies that reflect the underlying pathophysiology.Graduate School, Academic Affairs, University Librarie
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