1,047 research outputs found
Analysis of Mathieu Equation Stable Solutions in the First Zone of Stability
No full textAbstractThe paper presents the results of a homogeneous Mathieu equation studies. Mathieu equation solutions are oscillations, modulated in amplitude and frequency. In the computational experiments we found dependences of the given oscillations on the ratio of the coefficients. These dependences are shown in graphs that can be used for an approximate estimation of the Mathieu equation solutions without integration
Pensar las escalas para pensar las luchas: Autor: Mathieu UHEL
No full textA través de un título sugerente, “pensar las escalas para pensar las luchas”, Mathieu Uhel entreteje la construcción teórico-crítica del concepto escala, generada por la geografía radical anglosajona de finales del siglo XX, con la necesidad/utilidad práctica de la escala para concienciar las luchas sociales. El artículo cumple un doble propósito: por un lado, delinear los elementos de lectura sobre el concepto escala; y, con ello, promover la atención de esta problemática en las luchas contemporáneas. En un primer apartado, Uhel ubica las discusiones académicas en torno a la escala, como herramienta metodológica útil para comprender la complejidad de las sociedades capitalistas; en el segundo apartado, el autor avanza la exposición en torno al contexto de la dimensión escalar del imperialismo capitalista; finalmente, el autor se centra en el rol de la actividad política a escala nacional en la tensa relación entre las imposiciones del capital y la lucha social.Por meio de um título sugestivo, “pensando escalas para pensar lutas”, Mathieu Uhel entrelaça a construção teórico-crítica do conceito de escala, gerado pela geografia radical anglo-saxônica do final do século XX, com a necessidade / utilidade prática escala para aumentar a consciência das lutas sociais. O artigo tem um duplo propósito: por um lado, delinear os elementos de leitura sobre o conceito de escala; e, com isso, promover atenção a esse problema nas lutas contemporâneas. Na primeira seção, Uhel localiza as discussões acadêmicas em torno da escala, como uma ferramenta metodológica útil para compreender a complexidade das sociedades capitalistas; na segunda seção, o autor avança a exposição em torno do contexto da dimensão escalar do imperialismo capitalista; por fim, o autor enfoca o papel da atividade política em escala nacional na tensa relação entre as imposições do capital e a luta social.Mathieu Uhel\u27s suggestive title, “Thinking about scales to think about struggles”, he interweaves the theoretical-critical construction of concept scale, generated by radical Anglo-Saxon geography in the late 20th century, with it´s practical utility to social struggles. The article serves two purposes: on the one hand, Uhel locates academic discussion around scale; and, with this, he promotes attention to this problem in contemporary struggles. In the first section, Uhel locates academic discussions around scale, as a useful methodological tool to understand the complexity of capitalist societies; in the second section, the author advances the argument around the context of the scalar dimension of capitalist imperialism; finally, the author focuses on the role of political activity on a national scale in the tense relationship between the impositions of capital and the social movement
Characterizing the B cell response and understanding the mechanism of action of vedolizumab in ulcerative colitis and chronic HIV-1 infection
No full textLa rectocolite hémorragique (RCH) est une maladie inflammatoire chronique intestinale (MICI) qui est caractérisée par l’inflammation chronique du rectum et/ou du côlon. Bien que l’idée qu’il existe une réponse immunitaire exagérée contre le microbiote intestinal soit communément acceptée, la physiopathologie est encore insuffisamment connue. Parmi les dysfonctions immunitaires, il existe des arguments en faveur d’un dérèglement de la biologie des lymphocytes B. A l’aide de plusieurs techniques (dont la cytométrie en flux, le single-cell RNA sequencing et le single-cell BCR sequencing), nous avons mis en évidence des modifications marquées des populations plasmocytaires coliques chez des patients avec RCH, dont une augmentation de l’expression des IgG et IgA1 et une diminution en IgA2 associées à l’accroissement de la proportion des plasmocytes à durée de vie courte. Ce turnover accru se reflétait dans la circulation sanguine par l’élévation des plasmablastes ?7+ à tropisme intestinal, associé à l’activité de la maladie et à la survenue de complications. Notre second travail s’intéressait au mécanisme d’action du vedolizumab (anti-?4?7), traitement couramment utilisé dans les MICI et prometteur pour le VIH. Dans une cohorte de patients atteints à la fois de MICI et du VIH, mous avons mis en évidence un impact majeur sur les follicules lymphoïdes intestinaux avec une absence d’effet significatif sur la fréquence des lymphocytes T effecteurs de la lamina propria. Cette découverte, décrite pour la première fois chez l’homme, ouvre de nouvelles perspectives quant au mécanisme d’action du vedolizumab dans les MICI et le VIH.Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that leads to chronic inflammation of the rectum and the colon. Even though it is commonly accepted that it results from an exaggerated immune response toward the gut microbiota, the pathophysiology is still not fully understood. Among immune defects, many evidences exist supporting a disturbed B cell system, including the presence of (auto-)antibodies and the infiltration of the lamina propria by plasma cells. Using multiple advanced techniques including single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell BCR sequencing we extensively characterized the B cell compartment in the blood and the intestinal mucosa of UC patients. We found that the colonic plasma cells phenotype was skewed toward an increased expression of IgG and IgA1 and an increased proportion of short-lived plasma cells. This increased turnover was reflected in the blood by the expansion of ?7+ plasmablasts, which correlated with disease activity and predicted disease course. Our second work focused on the mechanism of action of vedolizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the ?4?7 integrin, for both IBD and HIV. In a unique cohort of patients with concomitant IBD and HIV, we unexpectedly found that memory T cells within the lamina propria were not significantly affected. Conversely, lymphoid aggregates, mostly in the terminal ileum were massively impacted. These findings are being further explored and may change the paradigm regarding the mechanism of action of vedolizumab
Mathieu Ichou, Les Enfants d’immigrés à l’école
No full textIt is common to hear in the fields of educational and immigration sociology that on average, the children of immigrants do not perform as well in school as children of native-born parents. Mathieu Ichou offers an innovative sociological analysis on a topic that is heavily exploited by political and media discourse, and subject to much scientific controversy. The author takes distance from the homogenized vision of a “second generation” of students who have totally failed academically, and rep..
Etude de la biologie des lymphocytes B et du mécanisme d'action du vedolizumab dans la rectocolite hémorragique et au cours de l'infection chronique à VIH
No full textUlcerative Colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that leads to chronic inflammation of the rectum and the colon. Even though it is commonly accepted that it results from an exaggerated immune response toward the gut microbiota, the pathophysiology is still not fully understood. Among immune defects, many evidences exist supporting a disturbed B cell system, including the presence of (auto-)antibodies and the infiltration of the lamina propria by plasma cells. Using multiple advanced techniques including single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell BCR sequencing we extensively characterized the B cell compartment in the blood and the intestinal mucosa of UC patients. We found that the colonic plasma cells phenotype was skewed toward an increased expression of IgG and IgA1 and an increased proportion of short-lived plasma cells. This increased turnover was reflected in the blood by the expansion of ?7+ plasmablasts, which correlated with disease activity and predicted disease course. Our second work focused on the mechanism of action of vedolizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the ?4?7 integrin, for both IBD and HIV. In a unique cohort of patients with concomitant IBD and HIV, we unexpectedly found that memory T cells within the lamina propria were not significantly affected. Conversely, lymphoid aggregates, mostly in the terminal ileum were massively impacted. These findings are being further explored and may change the paradigm regarding the mechanism of action of vedolizumab.La rectocolite hémorragique (RCH) est une maladie inflammatoire chronique intestinale (MICI) qui est caractérisée par l’inflammation chronique du rectum et/ou du côlon. Bien que l’idée qu’il existe une réponse immunitaire exagérée contre le microbiote intestinal soit communément acceptée, la physiopathologie est encore insuffisamment connue. Parmi les dysfonctions immunitaires, il existe des arguments en faveur d’un dérèglement de la biologie des lymphocytes B. A l’aide de plusieurs techniques (dont la cytométrie en flux, le single-cell RNA sequencing et le single-cell BCR sequencing), nous avons mis en évidence des modifications marquées des populations plasmocytaires coliques chez des patients avec RCH, dont une augmentation de l’expression des IgG et IgA1 et une diminution en IgA2 associées à l’accroissement de la proportion des plasmocytes à durée de vie courte. Ce turnover accru se reflétait dans la circulation sanguine par l’élévation des plasmablastes ?7+ à tropisme intestinal, associé à l’activité de la maladie et à la survenue de complications. Notre second travail s’intéressait au mécanisme d’action du vedolizumab (anti-?4?7), traitement couramment utilisé dans les MICI et prometteur pour le VIH. Dans une cohorte de patients atteints à la fois de MICI et du VIH, mous avons mis en évidence un impact majeur sur les follicules lymphoïdes intestinaux avec une absence d’effet significatif sur la fréquence des lymphocytes T effecteurs de la lamina propria. Cette découverte, décrite pour la première fois chez l’homme, ouvre de nouvelles perspectives quant au mécanisme d’action du vedolizumab dans les MICI et le VIH
Concise Commentary: Calling in Your Marker—Rectal CD30-Positive Cells Differentiate Ulcerative Colitis from Crohn’s Disease
No full textL'impatto dell'attività tintoria sull'ambiente. Firenze alla fine del Medioevo
No full textThe author aims to examine and categorize the range of dyeings materials used in the Florentine wool and silk textile industries in the late Middle Ages, focusing mainly on those produced within the regional space in order to evaluate the impact of the Florentine dyeing activity on the natural environment and the productive landscape of the Tuscan countryside. In particular, the author establishes a line of demarcation between cultivated and uncultivated resources in order to verify which constitutes an indication of the level of industrial development of medieval textile production. This further focuses on how the transition from the exploitation of wild resources to the exploitation of cultivated resources could reflect a greater degree of economic integration between the countryside and the city and contribute to the formation of a regional economic space
Robotic multiquadrant colorectal procedures: A single-center experience and a systematic review of the literature
No full textPURPOSE: Robotic surgery has been progressively implemented for colorectal procedures but is still limited for multiquadrant abdominal resections. The present study aims to describe our experience in robotic multiquadrant colorectal surgeries and provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature investigating the outcomes of robotic total proctocolectomy (TPC), total colectomy (TC), subtotal colectomy (STC), or completion proctectomy (CP) compared to laparoscopy. METHODS: At our institution 16 consecutive patients underwent a 2- or 3-stage totally robotic total proctocolectomy (TPC) with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. A systematic review of the literature was performed to select studies on robotic and laparoscopic multiquadrant colorectal procedures. Meta-analyses were used to compare the two approaches. RESULTS: In our case series, 14/16 patients underwent a 2-stage robotic TPC for ulcerative colitis with a mean operative time of 271.42 (SD:37.95) minutes. No conversion occurred. Two patients developed postoperative complications. The mean hospital stay was 8.28 (SD:1.47) days with no readmissions. Mortality was nil. All patients underwent loop-ileostomy closure, and functional outcomes were satisfactory. The literature appraisal was based on 23 retrospective studies, including 736 robotic and 9,904 laparoscopic multiquadrant surgeries. In the robotic group, 36 patients underwent STC, 371 TC, 166 TPC, and 163 CP. Pooled data analysis showed that robotic TC and STC had a lower conversion rate (OR = 0.17;95% CI, 0.04–0.82; p = 0.03) than laparoscopic TC and STC. The robotic approach was associated with longer operative time for TC and STC (MD = 104.64;95% CI, 18.42–190.87; p = 0.02) and TPC and CP (MD = 38.8;95% CI, 18.7–59.06; p = 0.0002), with no differences for postoperative complications and hospital stay. Reports on urological outcomes, sexual dysfunction, and quality of life were missing. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience and the literature suggest that robotic multiquadrant colorectal surgery is safe and effective, with low morbidity and mortality rates. Nevertheless, the overall level of evidence is low, and functional outcomes of robotic approach remain largely unknown. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42022303016
Mathieu de Fossey: su visión del mundo indígena mexicano
No full textThroughout these pages the author shows how Mathieu de Fossey perceived that it was not easy to make indigenous communities fit within the mould of the nation-state which, being based on the liberal and egualitarian ideology, was against the recognition of special regimes, such as those that created a peculiar status for the native population of the American territory during the period of Spanish colonial domination
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