1,720,961 research outputs found
Alternative outcome variables and measures in tourism research
No full textOutline: I . Setting the stage and some general trends. II. Examples of 'team' studies with alternative outcome variables. III. Emerging themes and research – business implication.Keynote at the virtual conference Consumer Behavior in Tourism Symposium (CBTS) 202
Alternative outcome variables and measures in tourism research
No full textKeynote at the virtual conference Consumer Behavior in Tourism Symposium (CBTS) 2020Outline: I . Setting the stage and some general trends. II. Examples of 'team' studies with alternative outcome variables. III. Emerging themes and research – business implication
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Parallel Session 6, MICE Track: How Do Planners and Attendees Experience a Convention in Real Time?
No full textPurpose
Events are temporary ecosystems reflecting the world. A large segment of this industry is meetings (e.g. conventions, conferences, tradeshows, exhibitions, congresses). Meetings contributed over $115 billion to US GDP in 2014 (CIC, 2014), and are economic drivers and contributors to the host community\u27s multiplier effect. Conventions are a meeting type that are multi-faceted (e.g. educational sessions, social functions), potentially large-scale, and is this study\u27s context. The anticipated issues for meetings are being able to engage individuals in a multidimensional space and designing targeted experiences (MPI, 2016). Getz (2008, 2016) declared that events literature has matured as a result of various disciplines (i.e. anthropology, sociology, economics), but there is a fundamental lack of theoretical development specifically within the field. Researchers seek to holistically understand the event experience.
Getz challenged the use of conceptualizing events because of the multiplicity of experiences possible at a specific event (Lunt, 2012). He endorsed the phenomenological approach for understanding this range. This allows for a holistic perspective of a phenomenon from the individual experiencing it, and is underutilized in events research. Ziakas and Boukas (2014) stated there is limited research on an event\u27s experiential dimensions and meanings, and believe phenomenology is a sound philosophical framework for this. Understanding live, on-site experiences using phenomenology will provide insight. Previous research assessed individuals in post-experience phases, which may have been impacted by participant memory. This study\u27s purpose is to understand a convention participant\u27s on-site convention experience by employing a phenomenological approach.
Literature Review
Events transform a static environment into a meaningful experience (Page & Connell, 2014). Ryan (1997) sought to understand the meaning of experiences and apply it to a tourism context that was inclusive of special events. A few experience-centered theories have emerged. In psychology, Csikszentmihalyi (1990) touched on experience as an achievement of \u27flow\u27. People seek intrinsically rewarding experiences leading to optimal arousal and flow that can lead to engagement, accomplishment, or transformation (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990). Pine and Gilmore (1998) introduced the \u27experience economy\u27, which involves four dimensions: absorption, immersion, and active/passive participation.
An event creates a liminoid zone separating itself from normal life (Ziakas & Boukas, 2014). Common factors of a liminoid zone include involvement, engagement, and reversion to normal life, sense of change, accomplishment, renewal, transformation, and relief/loss in order for an event to be special and memorable (Getz, 2012; Ziakas & Boukas, 2014). This complements Csikszentmihalyi\u27s theory of flow.
People execute complementary processes to make sense of their world (Gergen, 1985). This sense-making process is called social constructionism, and has roots in symbolic interactionism. Symbolic interactionism is one of three primary approaches in sociology, and evaluates the multiple construction dimensions of social reality through an individual\u27s autonomous activities (Rossman, 2003). Essentially, each individual at an event will leave with a different understanding based on how they socially constructed the experience. This study applies these two theories to defend the study\u27s approach.
Proposed research questions: How do convention participants interpret their on-site experience? What roles do convention components (e.g. sessions, social functions) play in the overall experience?
Methodology
Phenomenology looks at participants\u27 direct experiences and interpretations of the phenomenon, which in this case is a convention experience. Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) and Experience Sampling Method (ESM) will be used. IPA is an in-depth analysis that connects personal accounts and subjective experience with symbolic interactionism (Smith & Eatough, 2007). ESM specializes in measuring experiences in real time via scheduled prompts. Using ESM addresses concerns regarding memory (Hektner, Schmidt, & Csikszentmihalyi, 2007).
Participants/Convention
A criterion purposive sampling method will be employed. The sample will consist of convention-specific planners/attendees. IRB protocol will be followed, and participants will be recruited via the convention\u27s website.
Criteria for identifying convention: Multi-day Multi –faceted (e.g. concerts, educational breakouts, tradeshows, banquets) Attendees from \u3e50-miles away Hosts \u3e10,000 attendees Social media component (e.g. Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, Twitter, or app).
Examples of conventions: SxSW, IMEX, and Comic-Con.
Data Collection
Data will be collected via observation, semi-structured interviews, and diaries (via ESM pre-determined scheduled prompts). The researcher will collect observational notes to correlate. These prompts will be pilot tested by the researcher\u27s peer to identify any issues like technical failure of the prompts, difficulty understanding prompts, or if the prompts are too frequent/infrequent.
Data Analysis
Data will be transcribed using NVivo and analyzed by: Reading overall content Developing codes/themes Identifying similarities/differences Construct narrative
Researcher\u27s Lens
The researcher has reflexivity due to employment and experience as attendee and planner.
Trustworthiness
Trustworthiness will be verified by: triangulation (multiple sources/data types), credibility (member checks), transferability (findings in rich, thick detail), dependability (audit trail of research design/analysis), and confirmability (external research auditor to assess practices) (DeCrop, 2004).
Discussion/ Limitations/Implications
Data will be collected at a convention in the fall and shaped into a narrative. The dimensions discussed by Getz (2012) and Ziakas and Boukas (2014) including socializing, sense of change, accomplishment engagement, involvement, transformation, and memorability are some anticipated themes as found in the literature. The limitations include selective nonresponse to ESM signals, dependence on research subjectivity, participant deceit, and the study results are unlikely to be replicated given the context.
Events researchers must explore experiences further, and phenomenology can help. An approach exploring real-time planner/attendee perspectives provides insight into the experience, and highlights meanings and issues that occur on-site that may not be remembered. This narrative may lead into managerial implications like identifying gaps in attendee needs. This may lead towards enhancing attendee\u27s satisfaction impacting future behaviors like return intention or word-of-mouth.
References
Convention Industry Council. (2014). Fact sheet. The Economic Significance of Meetings to the U.S. Economy. Retrieved from http://www.conventionindustry.org/Files/2012%20ESS/140210%20Fact%20Sheet%20FINAL.pdf
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience (1st ed.). New York, NY: Harper & Row.
DeCrop, A. (2004). Trustworthiness in qualitative tourism research. In J. Phillimore & L. Goodson (Eds.), Qualitative research in tourism: Ontologies, epistemologies, and methodologies, 156-169. New York, NY: Routledge.
Gergen, K. J. (1985). The social constructionist movement in modern psychology. American Psychologist, 40(3), 266. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.40.3.266
Getz, D. (2008). Event tourism: Definition, evolution, and research. Tourism Management, 29(3), 403-428. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2007.07.017
Getz, D., & Page, S. J. (2016). Event studies: Theory, research and policy for planned events. New York, NY: Routledge.
Hektner, J.M., Schmidt, J.A., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2007). Experience sampling method: Measuring the quality of everyday life. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Lunt, T. (2012). Typologies and event studies. In S.J Page & J Connell (Eds.), The routledge handbook of events, 47-56. New York, NY: Routledge.
Meeting Professionals International. (2016). Future of meetings final report. Retrieved from http://www.mpiweb.org/store/product/6736
Page, S., & Connell, J. (Eds.). (2014). The routledge handbook of events. New York, NY: Routledge.
Pine, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (1998). Welcome to the experience economy. Harvard Business Review, 76(4), 97-105.
Rossman, J.R. (2003). Recreation programming: Designing leisure experiences. Sagamore Publishing.
Ryan, C. (1997). The tourist experience: A new introduction. 2nd ed. Cassel.
Smith, J.A & Eatough, V. (2007). Interpretative phenomenological analysis. In E. Lyons & A. Coyle (Eds.), Analysing qualitative data in psychology, 51-64. London, UK: SAGE Publications.
Ziakas, V., & Boukas, N. (2014). Contextualizing phenomenology in event management research: Deciphering the meaning of event experiences. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 5(1), 56-73. doi:10.1108/IJEFM-08-2012-00230(2).pd
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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