272 research outputs found
Netz- und Service-Infrastrukturen
No full textWorkshop "Netz- und Service-Infrastrukturen"
vom 19.-22. April 2004 in Löbsal (bei Meißen
Non verba, sed amicitia – Polish¬ Hungarian words by Feliks Netz
No full textIt is an obituary notice of Feliks Netz, a great translator from the Hungarian language, a writer, a poet, an art of words admirer. The author of the obituary refers to the translation works of Feliks Netz and deliberates on the art of translation itself and a special friendship between an author and a translator, which appears to be impossible to describe with words
Sociological implications of scientific publishing: Open access, science, society, democracy and the digital divide
No full textClaims for open access are mostly underpinned with
1. science—related arguments (open access accelerates scientific communication);
2. financial arguments (open access relieves the serials crisis);
3. social arguments (open access reduces the digital divide);
4. democracy—related arguments (open access facilitates participation); and,
5. socio—political arguments (open access levels disparities).
Using sociological concepts and notions, this article focuses strongly on Pierre Bourdieu\u27;s theory of (scientific) capital and its implications for the acceptance of open access, Michel Foucault\u27;s discourse analysis and the implications of open access for the concept of the digital divide. Bourdieu\u27;s theory of capital implies that the acceptance of open access depends on the logic of power and the accumulation of scientific capital. It does not depend on slogans derived from hagiographic self—perceptions of science (e.g., the acceleration of scientific communication) and scientists (e.g., their will to share their information freely). According to Bourdieu\u27;s theory, it is crucial for open access (and associated concepts like alternative impact metrics) to understand how scientists perceive its potential influence on existing processes of capital accumulation and how open access will affect their demand for status. Foucault\u27;s discourse analysis suggests that open access may intensify disparities, scientocentrism and ethnocentrism. Additionally, several concepts from the philosophy of sciences (Popper, Kuhn, Feyerabend) and their implicit connection to the concept of open access are described in this paper
Computer-aided interpretation approach for optical tomographic images
No full textA computer-aided interpretation approach is proposed to detect rheumatic arthritis (RA) in human finger joints using optical tomographic images. The image interpretation method employs a classification algorithm that makes use of a so-called self-organizing mapping scheme to classify fingers as either affected or unaffected by RA. Unlike in previous studies, this allows for combining multiple image features, such as minimum and maximum values of the absorption coefficient for identifying affected and not affected joints. Classification performances obtained by the proposed method were evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, and mutual information. Different methods (i.e., clinical diagnostics, ultrasound imaging, magnet resonance imaging, and inspection of optical tomographic images), were used to produce ground truth benchmarks to determine the performance of image interpretations. Using data from 100 finger joints, findings suggest that some parameter combinations lead to higher sensitivities, while others to higher specificities when compared to single parameter classifications employed in previous studies. Maximum performances are reached when combining the minimum/maximum ratio of the absorption coefficient and image variance. In this case, sensitivities and specificities over 0.9 can be achieved. These values are much higher than values obtained when only single parameter classifications were used, where sensitivities and specificities remained well below 0.8. (C) 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, [DOI: 10.1117/1.3516705
A Response to Acerbi on Netz, Noel, Tchernetska, and Wilson edd. The Archimedes Palimpsest
No full textSchulen ans Netz in Sachsen-Anhalt. Eine Dokumentation zum Stand der Schulvernetzung in Sachsen-Anhalt
No full textMeister D, Ebert O, Sander U. Schulen ans Netz in Sachsen-Anhalt. Eine Dokumentation zum Stand der Schulvernetzung in Sachsen-Anhalt. Halle; 1997
Computer-aided diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis with optical tomography, Part 1: feature extraction
No full textThis is the first part of a two-part paper on the application of computer-aided diagnosis to diffuse optical tomography (DOT). An approach for extracting heuristic features from DOT images and a method for using these features to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are presented. Feature extraction is the focus of Part 1, while the utility of five classification algorithms is evaluated in Part 2. The framework is validated on a set of 219 DOT images of proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. Overall, 594 features are extracted from the absorption and scattering images of each joint. Three major findings are deduced. First, DOT images of subjects with RA are statistically different (p < 0.05) from images of subjects without RA for over 90% of the features investigated. Second, DOT images of subjects with RA that do not have detectable effusion, erosion, or synovitis (as determined by MRI and ultrasound) are statistically indistinguishable from DOT images of subjects with RA that do exhibit effusion, erosion, or synovitis. Thus, this subset of subjects may be diagnosed with RA from DOT images while they would go undetected by reviews of MRI or ultrasound images. Third, scattering coefficient images yield better one-dimensional classifiers. A total of three features yield a Youden index greater than 0.8. These findings suggest that DOT may be capable of distinguishing between PIP joints that are healthy and those affected by RA with or without effusion, erosion, or synovitis. (c) 2013 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE
Computer-aided diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis with optical tomography, Part 2: image classification
No full textThis is the second part of a two-part paper on the application of computer-aided diagnosis to diffuse optical tomography (DOT) for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A comprehensive analysis of techniques for the classification of DOT images of proximal interphalangeal joints of subjects with and without RA is presented. A method for extracting heuristic features from DOT images was presented in Part 1. The ability of five classification algorithms to accurately label each DOT image as belonging to a subject with or without RA is analyzed here. The algorithms of interest are the k-nearest-neighbors, linear and quadratic discriminant analysis, self-organizing maps, and support vector machines (SVM). With a polynomial SVM classifier, we achieve 100.0% sensitivity and 97.8% specificity. Lower bounds for these results (at 95.0% confidence level) are 96.4% and 93.8%, respectively. Image features most predictive of RA are from the spatial variation of optical properties and the absolute range in feature values. The optimal classifiers are low-dimensional combinations (<7 features). These results underscore the high potential for DOT to become a clinically useful diagnostic tool and warrant larger prospective clinical trials to conclusively demonstrate the ultimate clinical utility of this approach. (c) 2013 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE
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Einrichtungsübergreifende elektronische Patientenakten ::Zwischen Datenschutz und Gesundheitsschutz /
No full textUwe K. Schneider untersucht den rechtlichen Rahmen einrichtungsübergreifender elektronischer Patientenakten, über die alle bereits erhobenen Gesundheitsdaten jederzeit am Ort der Behandlung verfügbar gemacht werden können. Er veranschaulicht diese Rahmenbedingungen anhand von Regelungsinstrumenten wie der Gewährung finanzieller Anreize für die Nutzung solcher Akten oder gar der Verpflichtung hierzu. Dabei bewegt der Autor sich im Spannungsfeld von Daten- und Gesundheitsschutz. Denn diese Akten bieten einerseits die Chance, Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit der Versorgung zu verbessern. Auf der anderen Seite existieren Risiken, wenn hierfür Patientendaten auf externen Servern vorgehalten und über elektronische Netze ausgetauscht werden. Es droht eine Verflüchtigung von Daten, Verantwortung und Vertrauen im Netz. Der Inhalt Medizinische, technische und wirtschaftliche Grundlagen Verfassungsrechtliche Rahmenbedingungen Europarechtliche Rahmenbedingungen Die Zielgruppen Dozierende und Studierende der Rechts- und Gesundheitswissenschaften Fach- und Führungskräfte aus den Bereichen Datenschutz und Datensicherheit, Gesundheitswesen und medizinische Informationstechnik sowie politische Entscheidungsträger Der Autor Uwe K. Schneider ist Rechtsanwalt und Facha nwalt für Medizinrecht. Er promovierte an der Universität Tübingen und ist unter anderem als Datenschutzbeauftragter von Unternehmen im Gesundheitswesen an der Schnittstelle von IT, Medizin und Recht tätig. Die Herausgeber Die Reihe DuD-Fachbeiträge wird herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. Helmut Reimer, Dr. Karl Rihaczek und Prof. Dr. Alexander Roßnagel
Der Netz-Cent: Ein Instrument zur Finanzierung des Breitbandausbaus
No full textDer Breitbandausbau soll auch in wirtschaftlich unattraktiven Gebieten vorangetrieben werden. Vor allem ländliche Gebiete sind mangels Wirtschaftlichkeit noch unterversorgt. Der Autor schlägt die Einführung eines Netz-Cents vor, um die notwendigen Finanzierungsmittel sicherzustellen. Der Netz-Cent ist ein Konzept, mit dem positive externe Effekte bei den Endkunden internalisiert werden können.To benefit from the digital revolution, broader investments in the digital infrastructure are needed. But private investments are not sufficient to build up the infrastructure needed for the digital revolution. Especially in rural areas, the return on investments is rather low or negative. The author suggests imposing a fee of e.g. one cent per gigabyte used. The money collected from the consumer would then be used to fund private investments. The fee can be justified with positive external effects. Every internet user benefits from a broad expansion of fast internet connections but does not pay for it. The fee internalises those positive external effects
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