962 research outputs found
Fra Hamann til Fasc. 209.10. Om Grundtvigs forhold til Johann Georg Hamann og dennes samtidige
No full textFra Hamann til Fasc. 209.10. Om Grundtvigs forhold til Johann Georg Hamann og dennes samtidige[From Hamann to Fascicle 209.10. On Grundtvig's relation to Johann Georg Hamann and his contemporaries]By Bent ChristensenThe German critic and Enlightenment philosopher Johann Georg Hamann (1730-88) can be seen as a German forerunner of Grundtvig who according to a few places in his Verdenskrøniken (World Chronicle), 1817, has known about his writings and perhaps felt a spiritual kinship to him. By all accounts, the only other mention of him at all by Grundtvig occurs in a brief and somewhat enigmatic manuscript entitled “Synchronismer” (synchronisms) (The Grundtvig Archive, Fascicle 209 nr 10). It lists names of 24 German authors supplied with dates marking periods in their careers between the years 1741 and 1781 and has been regarded as a preliminary study for the World Chronicle 1817. But it can also be seen as a view of these authors from a specific “synchronistic” angle, resulting in a particular profile of these 40 years. The list also reflects Grundtvig’s detailed knowledge of German literary history.After a presentation of Hamann, Grundtvig’s evaluation of him in the World Chronicle of 1817 is quoted and commented upon, followed by a an examination of the manuscript list author by author, inclusive of references to treatments in the World Chronicle.The list begins with “Rabener 1741-57” and finishes with “Bürger 1769- 78”; the latest year brought up, however, is “1781” (under the names of Kant and Hamann). In his World Chronicle, Grundtvig states that the period he wants to depict, covers the reign of the Prussian king Frederick the Great (1740-86). The list corresponds almost exactly to this ambition. Hamann’s first year, 1759, is the year in which Sokratische Denkwürdigkeiten appeared, his first work addressing a general public. Hamann’s last year, 1781, indicates that he at that time started to write a critical review of Kant’s Kritik der reinen Vernunft, having read the proofs of it, as a personal friend of the philosopher, before its publication that same year. At first, however, Hamann did not print his text but only communicated it to Herder in a personal letter. The Metakritik über den Purismum der Vernunft was finished in 1784 but not published until 1800. When Kant in his work asks for a foundation of cognition prior to and independent of experience, Hamann accuses him of aiming at constituting a new kind of metaphysics. Two later works published by Hamann (1784 and 1786) are of a retrospective and summary nature.Concerning the other authors listed, the “first year” in most cases presents the very first step in their literary careers, and the “last year” marks the ending of their initial period. This applies, for example, to Rabener’s “last year”, 1757, when his satires had started already to appear in book form. In Lessing’s case, 1761 is the year in which he accepted a position as secretary for the governor of Breslau. Wieland was appointed town clerk in Biberach in 1760, but in the World Chronicle Grundtvig emphasizes the importance of his Shakespeare translations which did not begin to appear until 1762, though it is likely that Wieland had been encouraged to take up this project as early as 1759. Herder’s “last year” is 1767, the date of publication featured on the title page of Fragmente über die neuere deutsche Literatur—a date often considered to be the prime year of the “Sturm und Drang” (“Storm and Stress”) movement. Goethe’s “last year” is 1774 due to the publication of his best-seller novel Die Leiden des jungen Werthers.In several cases the often paired dates of Grundtvig’s list differ from those found in ordinary histories of literature as well as in the World Chronicle of 1817. A closer study of them—and a study of Grundtvig as compared to Hamann—might cause important contributions to Grundtvig research and to the study of German intellectual and literary history
Brigitte Hamann, Hitlers Edeljude: Das Leben des Armenarztes Eduard Bloch
No full textIn this extraordinary book, Brigitte Hamann recounts the life and times of Hitler’s Jewish childhood physician, Dr. Eduard Bloch (1872-1945). Relying on meticulous research in Austria, Germany, and the United States, the author provides insights into the ambiguous feelings of admiration and respect that characterized the relationship of the Jewish doctor and the Nazi dictator throughout their lives. Hamann not only sweeps away misconceptions about Hitler’s youth, but in lucid, often gripping,..
Recenzja: Wiedeński okres w życiu Adolfa Hitlera w ujęciu Brigitte Hamann i Augusta Kubizka
No full text THE VIENNESE PERIOD IN ADOLF HITLER’S LIFE AS PRESENTED BY BRIGITTE HAMANN AND AUGUST KUBIZEKThe article discusses the literature and the findings concerning the relatively least explored questions concerning Adolf Hitler, namely those of his youth. As the author stresses, just over a dec­ade ago Polish readers interested in the Hitler phenomenon knew much less than they do now. Thanks to several books recently published in Poland they have had a chance to considerably expand their knowledge. The present author points to two figures, Brigitte Hamann and August Kubizek, focusing on the similarities and differences in their approach to this period of Hitler’s life. THE VIENNESE PERIOD IN ADOLF HITLER’S LIFE AS PRESENTED BY BRIGITTE HAMANN AND AUGUST KUBIZEKThe article discusses the literature and the findings concerning the relatively least explored questions concerning Adolf Hitler, namely those of his youth. As the author stresses, just over a dec­ade ago Polish readers interested in the Hitler phenomenon knew much less than they do now. Thanks to several books recently published in Poland they have had a chance to considerably expand their knowledge. The present author points to two figures, Brigitte Hamann and August Kubizek, focusing on the similarities and differences in their approach to this period of Hitler’s life
Atopias of Johann Georg Hamann
No full textJohann Georg Hamann, niemiecki filozof i teolog drugiej połowy osiemnastego wieku, ekscentryczny mistrz stylu, pisał utwory, które stanowiły wyzwanie dla ówczesnych czytelników i pozostają nim do dziś. Hamann stosował idiosynkratyczne strategie pisarskie, posługiwał się aluzjami i ironią, zderzał ze sobą cytaty i kryptocytaty, a swoją argumentację formułował za pomocą metafor, analogii i obrazów. Monografia Atopie Johanna Georga Hamanna proponuje oryginalny klucz do zrozumienia tego osobliwego pisarza i jego utworów, a jest nim tytułowa kategoria atopii (od gr. ἄτοπος - nie na miejscu, niedorzeczny, absurdalny), która, starannie zrekonstruowana, zostaje odniesiona do różnych aspektów życia i pisarstwa Hamanna. Autor ten utożsamia się z Sokratesem, postacią najważniejszą dla filozoficznego rozumienia atopii, a swoje pisarstwo określa platońską metaforą otwieranej figurki sylena, szpetnej na zewnątrz, lecz skrywającej w swoim wnętrzu złocony posążek bóstwa - skarb luterańskiej ortodoksji. Anna Żymełka-Pietrzak rekonstruuje atopiczny sokratyzm Hamanna na tle innych sokratyzmów epoki, analizuje przyjmowane przez Hamanna maski Sylena, satyra, Pana i koźlego proroka, by w kolejnym kroku zinterpretować Hamannowski stylistyczny eksces jako wyraz teologii języka, której modelem są jednocześnie chrześcijańska nauka o uniżającym się Bogu i żydowska kabała. Na koniec autorka prezentuje atopiczną hermeneutykę Hamanna, kładącą nacisk na negatywne strategie badania granic rozumienia, uzupełnioną o topikę atopii, czyli katalog figur niedopasowania i braku zakorzenienia wyrażających niestabilną pozycję autora i filozofa. Książka napisana przejrzystym językiem, dobrze osadzona w literaturze przedmiotu, ukazuje osobliwość myśli Hamanna w kontekście osiemnastowiecznych debat, a jednocześnie – przy zachowaniu naukowego dystansu – z zaangażowaniem przedstawia go jako myśliciela nadal aktualnego.Johann Georg Hamann, a German philosopher and theologian of the second half of the eighteenth century, an eccentric master of style, wrote works that challenged the readers of his time and remain so today. Hamann employed idiosyncratic writing strategies, used allusions and irony, juxtaposed quotations and quasi-quotations, and formulated his argumentation with the means of metaphors, analogies and images. The monograph Atopias of Johann Georg Hamann offers an original key to understanding of this peculiar writer and his works: it is the category of atopia (from the Greek word ἄτοπος – “out of place”, “illogical”, “absurd”), which, carefully reconstructed, has been applied to various aspects of Hamann's life and writing. Hamann identified himself with Socrates, the most important figure for the philosophical understanding of atopia, and described his writing with the Platonic metaphor of a Silenus figurine, ugly on the outside but hiding a gilded statue of a deity inside - the treasure of Lutheran orthodoxy. Anna Żymełka-Pietrzak reconstructs Hamann's atopic Socratism against the background of other Socratisms of the era, analyses Hamann's masks of Silenus, the satyr, Pan and the goat prophet, and then interprets Hamann's stylistic excesses as an expression of his theology of language modelled both on the Christian doctrine of the humbling of God and the Jewish Kabbalah. Finally, the author presents Hamann's atopic hermeneutics, which highlights the negative strategies for exploring the boundaries of understanding. This hermeneutics has been complemented by the topics of atopia, a catalogue of figures of incompatibility and lack of rootedness, which express the unstable position of the author and philosopher. Written in clear language and well-grounded in the scholarly literature, the book reveals the peculiarity of Hamann's thought in the context of eighteenth-century debates, and at the same time, while maintaining a scholarly distance, with commitment presents him as a thinker still relevant today
sj-pdf-1-taj-10.1177_20406223211037830 – Supplemental material for Prevention of EAE by tolerogenic vaccination with PEGylated antigenic peptides
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-taj-10.1177_20406223211037830 for Prevention of EAE by tolerogenic vaccination with PEGylated antigenic peptides by Jennifer Pfeil, Mario Simonetti, Uta Lauer, Bianca von Thülen, Pawel Durek, Christina Poulsen, Justyna Pawlowska, Matthias Kröger, Ralf Krähmer, Frank Leenders, Ute Hoffmann and Alf Hamann in Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease</p
sj-pdf-2-taj-10.1177_20406223211037830 – Supplemental material for Prevention of EAE by tolerogenic vaccination with PEGylated antigenic peptides
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-2-taj-10.1177_20406223211037830 for Prevention of EAE by tolerogenic vaccination with PEGylated antigenic peptides by Jennifer Pfeil, Mario Simonetti, Uta Lauer, Bianca von Thülen, Pawel Durek, Christina Poulsen, Justyna Pawlowska, Matthias Kröger, Ralf Krähmer, Frank Leenders, Ute Hoffmann and Alf Hamann in Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease</p
BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in Asian and European populations
No full textWomen who carry a pathogenic mutation in the breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA) have markedly increased risks of developing breast and ovarian cancers during their lifetime. It has been estimated that their breast and ovarian cancer risks are in the range of 46-87% and 15-68%, respectively. Therefore it is of utmost clinical importance to identify BRCA mutation carriers in order to target unaffected women for prevention and/or close surveillance and to help affected women choose the best chemotherapy regimen.Genetic testing for BRCA germline mutations is expanding in clinical oncology centers worldwide. Given the high costs of complete BRCA gene screens, a lot of effort has been expended on deciding upon whom to test. Relevant issues involved in decision making include the prior probability of a woman having a BRCA mutation, which is a function of her age and her disease status, her ethnic group, and her family history of breast or ovarian cancer.The frequency and spectrum of mutations in these genes show considerable variation by ethnic groups and by geographic regions. Most studies have been conducted in European and North American populations, while studies in Asian, Hispanic, and African populations are fewer. In most populations, many BRCA mutations were identified, which were distributed all over the genes. However, in some populations, a relatively small number of specific BRCA mutations are recurrent and account for the majority of all mutations in that population. Many of the recurrent mutations are founder mutations, which were derived from a common ancestor. Founder mutations are present in Ashkenazi Jewish, European, and Islander (Faroe, Easter, and Pitcairn) populations. Such mutations have also been identified in patients from several Asian, South American, and African countries. Population-specific genetic risk assessment and genetic mutation screening have been facilitated at low costs. Given that mutations in the BRCA genes are distributed in populations throughout the world, it is important that the benefits of genetic testing and of targeted therapies be made available not only to women from developed countries in Europe and North America, but also to those from less developed countries in Asia, Africa and South America
Visionary warfare : Blake, Hamann, and Boehme against ideology
No full textIn my dissertation I seek to extricate and elucidate the fascinating conceptual parallels between the works of William Blake, Johann Georg Hamann, and Jakob Boehme. These radical Christian visionaries evince a social vision which anticipates and parallels major Marxian tenets. I believe their writings are primarily concerned to confront what they perceived as the false, distortive ideologies of their epochs with what might be termed visionary warfare. In my introduction I discuss the various manners in which all three of these visionaries have been wrongly branded as mystics, and stress how antithetical to mysticism their works are. In Chapter II I examine their highly practical, radical conceptions of the creative imagination and its profound transformative powers, powers which they posited in opposition to the superiority accorded to rationalism in their own eras. I then move in Chapter III to an analysis of each writer\u27s attack upon contemporary aesthetic ideologies and the more vibrant formal and stylistic values each proffered as alternatives. In Chapter IV, I show that each author asserted history as a tapestry woven by humanity, and sought to awaken everyone to their necessary role in its making
Zu Aktivit\ue4t und Verhalten von drei Taxa der Zwerghamster der Gattung Phodopus Miller, 1910
No full textVolume: 52Start Page: 65End Page: 7
Assessment of Microplastic and Contaminant Emissions from Artificial Turf Sports Pitches
No full textDue to their advantages over natural gras, artificial turf sports pitches are well established in popular sports and their number is increasing every year. This raises questions about potential pollutant emissions and possible risks to the environment due to its transfer to soil and groundwater.
The main sources of emissions are the rubber infill granules and the abrasion of grass fibers. While estimates on the transfer of pollutants to the soil are already available, there is still insufficient data on the discharge of microplastics from artificial turf systems and thus on the assessment of its relevance for the soil.
To close this gap, the pollutant emissions of three artificial turf scenarios - past (fossil-based, rubber infill), present (most frequently installed in Germany, rubber infill) and future (turf with recycled grass fibers, no rubber infill) - were compared in different ageing states (unaged, accelerated, and real time aged). Accelerated ageing consisting of UV weathering and mechanical stress was applied to simulate the outdoor weathering of turf systems during their service life span of approx. 15 years. Emissions of microplastics and environmentally relevant pollutants were sampled simultaneously using newly developed, innovative lysimeters. The microplastics contents were determined using Thermal Extraction-Desorption Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (TED-GC/MS). In addition, the concentrations of PAH and heavy metals were determined
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