650 research outputs found
A half-century of metal and metalloid-containing polymers
No full textAlaa S. Abd-El-Aziz ... [et al.]; Includes bibliographical references and indexes.; Editor, Alaa S. Abd-El-Aziz, is currently President of the University of Prince Edward Island.Source type: Electronic(1
Adapting authoritarianism: institutions and co-optation in Egypt and Syria
No full textThis PhD thesis compares Egypt and Syria’s authoritarian political systems. While the tendency in social science political research treats Egypt and Syria as similarly authoritarian, this research emphasizes differences between the two systems with special reference to institutions and co-optation. Rather than reducibly understanding Egypt and Syria as sharing similar histories, institutional arrangements, or ascribing to the oft-repeated convention that “Syria is Egypt but 10 years behind,” this thesis focuses on how events and individual histories shaped each states current institutional strengthens and weaknesses. Specifically, it explains the how varying institutional politicization or de-politicization affects each state’s capabilities for co-opting elite and non-elite individuals.
Beginning with a theoretical framework that considers the limited utility of democratization and transition theoretical approaches, the work underscores the persistence and durability of authoritarianism. Chapter two details the politicized institutional divergence between Egypt and Syria that began in the 1970s. Chapter three and four examines how institutional politicization or de-politicization affects elite and non-elite individual co-optation in Egypt and Syria. Chapter five discusses the study’s general conclusions and theoretical implications.
This thesis’s argument is that Egypt and Syria co-opt elites and non-elites differently because of the varying degrees of institutional politicization in each governance system. Rather than view one country as more politically developed than the other, this work argues that Syria’s political institutions are more politicized than their Egyptian counterparts. Syria’s political arena is, thus, described as politicized-patrimonialism. Syria’s politicized-patrimonial arena produces uneven co-optation of elites and non-elites as they are diffused through competing institutions. Conversely, the Egyptian political arena remains highly personalized as weak institutions and individuals are manipulated and molded according to the president’s ruling clique. This is referred to as personalized-patrimonialism. As a consequence, Egypt’s political establishment demonstrates more flexibility in ad hoc altering and adapting its arena depending on the emergence of crises.
This study’s theoretical implications suggest that, contrary to modernization and democratization theory’s adage that institutions lead to a political development, politicized institutions within a patrimonial order actually hinder regime adaptation because consensus is harder to achieve and maintain. It is within this context that Egypt’s de-politicized institutional framework advantages its top political elite. In this reading of Egyptian and Syrian politics, Egypt’s personalized political arena is more adaptable than Syria’s. These conclusions do not indicate that political reform is a process underway in either state
Diglyphus isaea Walker
No full textDiglyphus isaea (Walker) Material examined. 5 ♀, Al-Gafara (Bahariya Oasis), 28 ° 18 '04"N, 28 ° 56 ' 12 "E, 31.x. 2013; 1 ♀, Beir Abu Egaela, v. 2013 (leg. Usama Abu El-Ghiet), on Medicago sativa L. Previous records from Egypt. This species was introduced from the Netherlands and established in Egypt (Abd-Rabou 2006). It was recorded from Sids, El-Zarka, Damanhour (El-Serwy 2003), Qaluobia (Fadl & El- Khawas 2009), and Ebshway (Fayoum) (29 ° 21 ' 11 "N, 30 ° 41 ' 22 "E) (Gadallah et al. 2014). Distribution. Cosmopolitan. Host records. In Egypt, this species has been reported as one of the important natural enemies of Liriomyza cicerina (Rondani) and L. bryoniae (Kaltenbach) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) (El-Serwy 2003). It has been reported also from L. trifolii (Burgess) (Abd-Rabou 2006; Fadl & El-Khawas 2009), and Liriomyza sp. (Gadallah et al. 2014).Published as part of Gadallah, Neveen S., Yefremova, Zoya A., Yegorenkova, Ekaterina N., Soliman, Ahmed M., Abu El-Ghiet, Usama M. & Edmardash, Yusuf A., 2015, A review of the family Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Egypt, with thirty three new records in Zootaxa 4058 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/23657
Cirrospilus Westwood
No full textCirrospilus Westwood Remarks. This genus was previously recorded from Egypt based on three specimens (1 female and 2 males) of an unidentified species reported from unknown leaf miners on Phaseolus vulgaris in Qalubia (Abd-Rabou 2004).Published as part of Gadallah, Neveen S., Yefremova, Zoya A., Yegorenkova, Ekaterina N., Soliman, Ahmed M., Abu El-Ghiet, Usama M. & Edmardash, Yusuf A., 2015, A review of the family Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Egypt, with thirty three new records in Zootaxa 4058 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/23657
Dibenzyl ferrocene-1,1′-dicarboxylate
No full textIn the title compound, [Fe(C13H11O2)2], there are markedly different orientations of the two phenylmethoxycarbonyl substituents [O—C—C—C torsion angles = 84.5 (3) and 139.6 (2)°]. These orientations are mediated by a number of intermolecular C—H...O interactions, which result in a one-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network of molecules
Factors affecting treatment compliance of patients with multimorbidity
No full textNicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of MoldovaIntroduction. Multimorbidity is a global health challenge, and it’s commonly defined as
the coexistence of 2 or more chronic diseases in the same individual. Roughly 50 million
people in Europe suffer from multimorbidity across all ages and backgrounds. The management of multimorbid patient is complex and it is influenced by different factors. The
compliance to treatment seems to affect the outcomes of multimorbid patients, but the
data in this regard are controversial.
The purpose of this research was to investigate the factors that affect compliance in multimorbidity, in order to improve the management of these patients and boost health outcomes.
Material and methods. A search strategy was developed, and PubMed database was
searched for literature from January 2016 to December 2020, as well as search of reference lists for systemic reviews and meta-analyses and Cochrane guidelines. Information
about publication date, subject category, author, country origin, title, abstract, and keywords were extracted, and the full texts were obtained for co-citation analysis. In total,
74 relevant studies and articles were used.
Results. Compliance is a multidimensional phenomenon, and it refers to the extent to
which a patient’s behavior aligns with agreed recommendations from healthcare providers. Multimorbidity is associated with multiple significant implications: whether physical, psychological, socioeconomic, and treatment challenges that ensue. Non-compliance
to prescribed treatment in multimorbid patients is determined by patient’s beliefs about
treatment, their knowledge about illness, socioeconomic status, level of treatment burden, and barriers such as costs or inadequate healthcare access. Five sets of compliance
determinants are recognized: patient-related (includes beliefs, self-efficacy, and
knowledge about illness); socioeconomic status (poor socioeconomic status, unemployment, lack of effective social support, unstable living conditions, and treatment burdens
such as medication costs); therapy-related (most notable is complexity of medical regimen, duration of treatment, side effects, and medical support availability to deal with
them); health system-related (represent issues due to poor communication); condition related (represent the illness-related demands faced by the patient including number of
conditions, severity of symptoms, level of disability, rate of progression and severity of
disease, as well as the availability of effective treatments). Based on revived research, in
order to increase the compliance in patients with multimorbidity, were applied different
strategies: improvement of the coordination of medical services, promotion of integrated
patient-centered care to optimize therapeutic regimens, increase treatment knowledge,
and engagement of the patient in treatment decisions.
Conclusions. Multimorbidity is associated with poorer medication adherence, and generates multiple challenges related to the complex healthcare needs, multiple consultations, fragmented healthcare services, polypharmacy, increased treatment burden and
costs. The relevant factors affecting compliance in multimorbidity were patient-related,
socioeconomic-related, therapy-related, health system-related, and condition-related. In
order to increase the compliance, we can use patient centered care, empowerment of the
patient and better coordination of care
A novel simulated annealing trajectory optimization algorithm in an autonomous UAVs-empowered MFC system for medical internet of things devices
No full textThis article investigates a new autonomous mobile fog computing (MFC) system empowered by multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in order to serve medical Internet of Things devices (MIoTDs) efficiently. The aim of this article is to reduce the energy consumption of the UAVs-empowered MFC system by designing UAVs' trajectories. To construct the trajectories of UAVs, we need to consider not only the order of SPs but also the association among UAVs, SPs, and MIoTDs. The above-mentioned problem is very complicated and is difficult to be handled via applying traditional techniques, as it is NP-hard, nonlinear, non-convex, and mixed-integer. To handle this problem, we propose a novel simulated annealing trajectory optimization algorithm (SATOA), which handles the problem in three phases. First, the deployment (i.e., number and locations) of stop points (SPs) is updated and produced randomly using variable population sizes. Accordingly, MIoTDs are associated with SPs and extra SPs are removed. Finally, a novel simulated annealing algorithm is proposed to optimize UAVs' association with SPs as well as their trajectories. The performance of SATOA is demonstrated by performing various experiments on nine instances with 40 to 200 MIoTDs. The simulation results show that the proposed SATOA outperforms other compared state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of saving energy consumption.The author would like to thank Prince Sultan University for their support. Also, the studies at St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications. prof. M.A. Bonch-Bruevich were supported by the Ministry of Science and High Education of the Russian Federation by the grant 075-15-2022-1137
Modern Arabic literary biography : a study of character portrayal in the works of Egyptian biographers of the first half of the twentieth century, with special reference to literary biography
No full textIn Chapter one, I presented a comparative definition of the meaning of Sirah (PI.Siyar), Tarjamah (Pl. Tarajim), Manaqib, Tabaqat and Maghazi as they were understood in antiquity. I also showed how the meaning of Sirah in modern times has only narrowly developed. Although the method of biographical writing continuously developed in Europe, it hardly progressed in Modem Arabic Literature. The only exception was seen in the writings by the pioneers of enlightenment in Egypt at the beginning of the twentieth century. This change of direction relied on borrowing European methodology in biographical writing.
In chapter two, I reviewed the early attempts at writing biographies in the nineteenth century by Abd al Rahman al- Jabarti and Ali Mubarak. Although both were the first
pioneers in this respect, yet they followed the footpath of classical approach above all that of al-Maqarizi from whom -Ali Mubarak derived inspiration in his book Al-Khitat al-Tawfiqiyyah.
In chapter three, I studied the twentieth century, starting with traditional biography writers who could not employ European methodologies and whose writings oscillated between biographical notes and biographical sketches; or whose texts were more of a literary study than a biography proper.
In chapters four to nine, I selected the most renowned, productive writers who best represented methodologies of biography writing. Perhaps certain writers have not
been mentioned in this period of study. This is not out of negligence but simply because their texts were totally out of reach, or their writings did not exhibit the
required literary criteria.
All methodologies representing the theory of biography writing in Egypt have been analysed in these chapters. All, in fact, form a digestion or assimilation of French,English and German schools. In Egypt, Taha Husayn is considered the chairman of the French school, al-Mazini and al-Aqqad of the English/German schools, al-Nuwaihi of the psychoanalytical/anatomical school and Sidqi who employed both. By contrast, al Iryan was the trailblazer of the distinguished biographical novel.
In these chapters, I tried to lay out the general outlines these writers have produced in the production of biographical texts, and how these attempts were a successful step on the road of presenting literary biographies characterized by high world standards.
Chapter ten may well seem traditional, but it is important to give a comparative outlook on the views of biography writers themselves when they study and analyse
the same character.
Among the characters studied ,I selected Bashsliar, Abu Nuwas, Ibn al-Run-i, al-Mutanabbi and al-Maarri. These are outstanding landmarks in the history of Arab verse and the subject of a multitude of studies as well. Modern biographers took these figures as a test field for the deployment and employment of biographical methodologies. I selected these examples to provide comparisons and explain how far these biographies were successful in producing a biography or a profile of those classical poets.
The conclusion and the bibliographical list arrived at the end of research.
I wish, however, to clarify one important point here. It seems that I could not fix the year 1950 as the temporal parameter of my research but took some textswhich were
published shortly beyond that point. The reason for this obvious extension was either to give additional useful details or simply because chapters of such texts had already
been published prior to that year and were known to the readership.
At times I would satisfy myself with analysing the part rather than the whole. This again was meant to eschew repetition or was due to the fact that the book in question
was not available
A nonisothermal study of organoiron poly(alkynyl methacrylate) coordinated to dicobalt hexacarbonyl using advanced kinetics modelling
No full textNon-isothermal crystallisation studies of Organoiron poly(alkynyl methacrylate)s coordinated to dicobalt hexacarbonyl using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are reported. Two exothermic peaks appear on crystallisation of the polymers under investigation. Four isoconversional methods (the differential method of Friedman, the integral methods of Ozawa-Flynn-Wall and Vyazovkin and ASTM E698) were used to determine the variation of the activation energy for crystallisation with reaction progress. The DSC data were analysed with the advanced thermokinetics software package AKTS-Thermokinetics. The change of a methyl group, CH, to a hydrogen atom, H, in the system tends to shift the crystallisation peaks to a lower temperature at the same heating rate. However, the methyl group has lower activation energy. Prediction of the isothermal reaction progress was employed to calculate the reaction model, g( α), and the system was found to follow the A1.5 solid state reaction model. The Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction of the polymer were also investigated
Design of polyethers, thioethers, and amines with pendent iron moieties
No full textSol. organoiron polyethers, thioethers, and amines were synthesized via nucleophilic arom. substitution reactions. The synthesis of these classes of organometallic polymers involved either the reaction of cyclopentadienyliron complexes of dichloroarenes with various oxygen and sulfur dinucleophiles or the reaction of ether- or amine-contg. diiron complexes with dithiols. Polymn. reactions with the diiron complexes gave rise to organoiron polymers with alternating ether/thioether or amine/thioether bridges. Removal of the iron moieties from the backbone of these polymers allowed for the prodn. of the corresponding org. materials. Furthermore, the organometallic polymers had much higher solubilities than their org. analogs. Thermogravimetric anal. of the organoiron polymers indicated that the polymers lost their metallic moieties at approx. 200°, whereas degrdn. of the polymer backbones occurred around 500°C
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