1,721,195 research outputs found
Development and Characterization of an ILs Population Segregating for Seed Shattering, and Identification of Candidate Genes for a Major Locus Controlling Pod Dehiscence in Common Bean
Get PDFLa perdita del meccanismo di dispersione dei semi (shattering), posseduto dalle piante selvatiche, rappresenta una tappa fondamentale nel processo di domesticazione per gran parte delle specie domestiche, grazie ad un processo di evoluzione fenotipica convergente.
Nel presente lavoro, abbiamo sviluppato una popolazione ricombinante di linee di introgressione (1197 BC4/F4) in fagiolo (Phaseolus vulgaris), con lo scopo di effettuare il mappaggio fine di QTLs precedentemente associati allo “shattering” (Rau et al., 2018). Lo sviluppo, la fenotipizzazione e la genotipizzazione (GBS) della popolazione sono descritti nel Capitolo 4 del presente lavoro di tesi. Inoltre, il profilo metabolico dei baccelli è stato investigato nelle linee parentali della popolazione ricombinante e in un set di 114 linee BC4/F4, che mostravano fenotipi estremi per il carattere “seed shattering”. Sono state evidenziate significative differenze nell’accumulo di metaboliti secondari (UPLC/MS) tra baccelli totalmente indeiscenti e baccelli con un elevato shattering.
Nel presente lavoro, abbiamo identificato un set di geni candidati per il major locus qPD5.1-Pv per il “seed shattering” (Rau et al., 2018), attraverso analisi di espressione sull’intero trascrittoma (RNA-seq) e su loci target (qRT-PCR). Infine, abbiamo effettuato un’analisi istologica, confrontando baccelli ad alto shattering e totalmente indeiscenti, identificando differenze significative nella deposizione di lignina al livello delle valve e delle suture del baccello. I risultati dell’analisi suggeriscono la possibilità che sia avvenuta convergenza fenotipica evolutiva a livello istologico per la resistenza alla deiscenza, tra fagiolo (P. vulgaris) e soia (Glycine max).Loss of seed shattering is a milestone of the domestication of several crops.
Seed dispersal mechanisms of the wild ancestor species underwent convergent phenotypic evolution during the domestication, which leads to the reduction of seed shattering in the modern cultivated species.
Here, we developed a large recombinant introgression lines population (1197 BC4/F4) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), in order to perform fine mapping of seed shattering-associated QTLs, that were recently identified (Rau et al., 2018). Development, phenotypic characterization, and genotyping (GBS) of the population are described in the Chapter 4 of the manuscript. We also performed metabolic profiling on dry pods of the parental lines and on a set of 114 BC4/F4 ILs from the new population, and we observed a clear pattern of differentially accumulated secondary metabolites (UPLC/MS) between indehiscent and highly shattering pods.
In the present work, we identified a set of promising candidate genes for the major locus qPD5.1-Pv for seed shattering (Rau et al., 2018), through an approach that combined the identification of homology relationship with shattering-related genes in other species, wide transcriptome gene expression analysis (RNA-seq), and targeted gene expression investigation (qRT-PCR).
Finally, we performed a histological analysis of high-shattering and totally indehiscent pods, and we highlighted a clearly different pattern of lignin deposition in valves and pod sutures. We also proposed that convergent phenotypic evolution for the resistance to pod dehiscence might occurred at the histological level between common bean (P. vulgaris) and soybean (Glycine max)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The potential of integrative phenomics to harness underutilized crops for improving stress resilience
Get PDFThe current agricultural and food system faces diverse and increasing challenges. These
include feeding an ever-growing human population, expected to reach about 10 billion by
2050 combined with societal disruption, and the need to cope with the impact of climate
change (FAO, 2022). Given that future environmental conditions will limit crop
productivity (Zhao et al., 2017; Cooper et al., 2021) and the limited potential to
continually increase the performance of staple crops by conventional breeding (Hickey
et al., 2019), there is an urgent need to transform agricultural systems. Central to this
transformation is the application of alternative, accelerated, and sustainable approaches for
the improvement and development of underutilized crops (Hickey et al., 2019). Modern
breeding strategies for major crops have widely integrated novel technologies, such as
advanced phenotyping or genome-wide interactions, and even epigenomics within
“beyond the gene” strategies (Crisp et al., 2022) to speed up crop/genotype selection
(Hickey et al., 2019; Kumar et al., 2023). Deploying phenotyping at different scales has the
potential to identify novel trait(s) components that can be targeted to accelerate crop
improvement (Araus and Cairns, 2014; Großkinsky et al., 2015b; Zhao et al., 2019;
Varshney et al., 2021). There is even greater potential for these technologies when used
to improve underutilized crops and support the agricultural transformation, as
underutilized crops typically lack a biased breeding/selection history, i.e., they often
exhibit a high genetic diversity and potential, and are usually better adapted to challenging environments (Kumar et al., 2021; Kumar et al., 2023).
To illustrate the application of an integrative phenomics approach
we discuss how combining multi-omics and advanced phenotyping
is being applied to the underutilized oilseed crop Camelina sativa
(camelina, gold-of-pleasure, false flax) to facilitate the generation of
climate-smart crops for future agricultural systems.The current agricultural and food system faces diverse and increasing challenges. These
include feeding an ever-growing human population, expected to reach about 10 billion by
2050 combined with societal disruption, and the need to cope with the impact of climate
change (FAO, 2022). Given that future environmental conditions will limit crop
productivity (Zhao et al., 2017; Cooper et al., 2021) and the limited potential to
continually increase the performance of staple crops by conventional breeding (Hickey
et al., 2019), there is an urgent need to transform agricultural systems. Central to this
transformation is the application of alternative, accelerated, and sustainable approaches for
the improvement and development of underutilized crops (Hickey et al., 2019). Modern
breeding strategies for major crops have widely integrated novel technologies, such as
advanced phenotyping or genome-wide interactions, and even epigenomics within
“beyond the gene” strategies (Crisp et al., 2022) to speed up crop/genotype selection
(Hickey et al., 2019; Kumar et al., 2023). Deploying phenotyping at different scales has the
potential to identify novel trait(s) components that can be targeted to accelerate crop
improvement (Araus and Cairns, 2014; Großkinsky et al., 2015b; Zhao et al., 2019;
Varshney et al., 2021). There is even greater potential for these technologies when used
to improve underutilized crops and support the agricultural transformation, as
underutilized crops typically lack a biased breeding/selection history, i.e., they often
exhibit a high genetic diversity and potential, and are usually better adapted to challenging environments (Kumar et al., 2021; Kumar et al., 2023).
To illustrate the application of an integrative phenomics approach
we discuss how combining multi-omics and advanced phenotyping
is being applied to the underutilized oilseed crop Camelina sativa
(camelina, gold-of-pleasure, false flax) to facilitate the generation of
climate-smart crops for future agricultural systems
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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