1,720,977 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Vom Werk zum Werkzeug. Zur Rolle des Designs im Kontext politischen Handelns.
No full textDie Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit kontemporären Entwicklungen eines zunehmend als sozial und politisch engagiert und involviert begriffenen Designbegriffs, und beleuchtet unterschiedliche Problemkomplexe, die sich aus einer Übertragung modernistischer Designerpositionen in Kontexte ergeben, wie sie heute etwa in den Diskursen zum „Social Design“ verhandelt werden. Darauf aufbauend folgt die Arbeit einem Research-through-Design-Ansatz (RtD) zur Exploration unterschiedlicher Positionen des Gestaltens, die sich diesen Problemen gegenüber produktiv und souverän verhalten. Von besonderer Bedeutung für diese Auseinandersetzung ist die Metapher der Infrastruktur, wie sie von Susan Leigh Star entwickelt und innerhalb der Skandinavischen Debatten um das partizipative Design für den Designdiskurs adaptiert wurde. Die Dissertation besteht aus drei Teilen:
Zunächst aus der Bearbeitung der Fragestellung, mit welchen derzeitigen Selbst- und Rollenverständnissen wir auf das Verhältnis von Design und sozialen Transformationsprozessen blicken, und der Entwicklung der Forderung, den vorrangig konzeptionell-normativen Diskurs mit einer kritischen Praxis anzureichen bzw. aus einer solchen heraus zu reflektieren.
Der zweite Teil besteht aus dem Versuchsaufbau einer ebensolchen, reflexiven Praxis, also einer systematisch und im Sinne des übergeordneten Erkenntnisinteresses strukturierten, designerischen Tätigkeit, und deren Reflexion im Rahmen von MAZI (CAPS/H2020), eines interdisziplinären und EU-geförderten Forschungsprojekts, innerhalb dessen Positionen aus Design, Aktivismus und Technologieentwicklung aufeinander bezogen werden. Innerhalb dieser Auseinandersetzung wurde ein Modell entwickelt und vorgeschlagen, welches den skandinavischen Ansatz „Design as Infrastructuring“ operationalisiert und für den Kontext der Dissertation nutzbar macht.
Im dritten und letzten Teil der Arbeit schließlich werden diese beiden Ebenen zusammengeführt, und aus dieser analytischen Verschränkung von Theorie und Praxis Positionen zu den Fragestellungen der Arbeit entwickelt.This dissertation is concerned with contemporary developments around concepts of a politically engaged design and traces multiple challenges and contradictions that arise from entraining traditional framings of our field into contexts under discussion within debates around the relationship of design and processes of social transformation. Building on this theoretical inquiry, the dissertation follows a research through design (RtD) approach in exploring positions that bear the possibility of productively dealing with the problems identified. Special attention is given to the metaphor “infrastructure” as developed by Susan Leigh Star, and later adopted for the design discourse by the Scandinavian debates on participatory design. The dissertation consists of three parts:
In the first part, the dissertation queries the guises, roles and self-understandings, with which the disciplinary discourse is debating the relationship of design and processes of social transformation. Here, I propose the necessity to reevaluate and differentiate our understanding of design’s roles to productively deal with the contradictions described, by challenging and complementing theoretical considerations within the contemporary design research discourse with systematically structured reflections-in-practice.
In the second part, the dissertation develops such a practice-led approach to exploring different positions within the nexus of design and the political, and applies this approach to reflect on the participatory design process that unfolded within the dissertation‘s case study MAZI (CAPS/H2020), an interdisciplinary and EU-funded research project that oscillates in-between entities such as design, activism, and technology. Here, I propose a model that operationalizes the Scandinavian participatory design approach “Design as Infrastructuring” in the context under discussion.
The third and final part brings together these theoretical and practical inquiries in order to discuss insights and positions emerging from this analytical synthesis vis-à-vis the research questions
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Reimagining the Social : Understanding the “marginal” of current research practices
No full textSocial design has an inclusive and participatory nature in ad dressing social challenges (Gutiérrez & Jurow, 2018), as it ultimately aims to address the challenges and needs of communities (Sarantou et al., 2024). A range of other disciplines besides design also work with marginalised and disadvantaged communities, often without recognising their work as a design endeavour, which we refer to here as social design research. Drawing on the ongoing Reimagining Research Practices (RRP) project at Lancaster University, UK, this paper examines how university researchers from a range of backgrounds and disciplines collaboratively design with communities. Through interviews and focus groups with university researchers, this re search reveals the complexities, tensions, and ethical considerations that emerge when researchers work in participatory and collaborative settings. By engaging with scholarship on social innovation (Manzini, 2015), de sign justice (CostanzaChock, 2020), and social futures (López Galviz & Spiers, 2022) and analysing discussions with participants, the paper examines how ‘communities’ within research projects are defined, how their agency is understood, and the extent to which different disciplinary perspectives shape the marginal. The paper concludes with seven working principles that contribute to encouraging more inclusive, collaborative, and interdisciplinary approaches and fostering new forms of solidarity to address marginal social issues across disciplines and institutions
Empowering Future Designers : Embedding Multi-Scale Social Analysis In Social Design Pedagogy Value Practices
Get PDFSocial design has been conceptualised across multiple levels—micro social-individual, meso social-situated, macro social-structured, and even mega-utopian. However, when social issues at different levels intersect, young designers often struggle to clearly define the primary issues and practical scope—hindering their ability to serve as effective agents of social transformation. To respond to this challenge, this study first reviews macro–micro analytical frameworks in sociology and examines how social design can respond to different scales. This analytical framework is then applied and further developed through an educator's doctoral project of social design focused on improving migrant well-being in informal settlements in Shenzhen, China. This framework then travelled to the UK and was adapted for a teaching project with Chinese immigrant restaurants in Camberwell, London, where students from various disciplines applied it to explore migration-related challenges across social levels and generate design responses. This cross-national and cross-disciplinary pedagogical process underscores the need for social design educators to structure learning around concrete social issues and integrate design innovation with structured interdisciplinary approaches, enabling young designers towards a profound and achievable transformation
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