311 research outputs found
Clinico epidemiological profile of HIV - TB coinfection among PLHIV in coastal south India
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Antihypertensive therapy: nocturnal dippers and nondippers. Do we treat them differently?
No full textChakrapani Mahabala,1 Padmanabha Kamath,2 Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran,3 Narasimha D Pai,2 Aparna U Pai41Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India; 2Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India; 3Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India; 4Department of Radiodiagnosis, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal State, IndiaAbstract: Hypertension is a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Management of hypertension is generally based on office blood pressure since it is easy to determine. Since casual blood pressure readings in the office are influenced by various factors, they do not represent basal blood pressure. Dipping of the blood pressure in the night is a normal physiological change that can be blunted by cardiovascular risk factors and the severity of hypertension. Nondipping pattern is associated with disease severity, left ventricular hypertrophy, increased proteinuria, secondary forms of hypertension, increased insulin resistance, and increased fibrinogen level. Long-term observational studies have documented increased cardiovascular events in patients with nondipping patterns. Nocturnal dipping can be improved by administering the antihypertensive medications in the night. Long-term clinical trials have shown that cardiovascular events can be reduced by achieving better dipping patterns by administering medications during the night. Identifying the dipping pattern is useful for decisions to investigate for secondary causes, initiating treatment, necessity of chronotherapy, withdrawal or reduction of unnecessary medications, and monitoring after treatment initiation. Use of this concept at the primary care level has been limited because 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has been the only method for documenting dipping/nondipping status so far. This monitoring technique is expensive and inconvenient for routine usage. Simpler methods using home blood pressure monitoring systems are evolving to document basal blood pressure in the night, which would help in greater acceptance and use of the concept of dipper/nondipper in managing hypertension at the primary care level.Keywords: 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, blood pressure variability, left ventricular hypertrophy, chronotherap
Emerg Infect Dis
No full textIn India, under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme, the government provides free treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; however, many patients seek care elsewhere, which is costly. To determine those out-of-pocket expenses, we interviewed 40 presumptive patients and found that they spent more than their median annual income before registering for the government program
Chewing side preference - Impact on facial symmetry, dentition and temporomandibular joint and its correlation with handedness
No full textIntroduction: Habitual unilateral chewing develops subconsciously and serves as an example for lateral preference. This study aims to assess the possible impact of chewing side preference to facial asymmetry, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and oral hygiene and existence of any link between the preferred chewing side (PCS) and handedness. Materials and Methods: A 2-month cross-sectional (observational) study was performed on 76 healthy dentate subjects [24 males (31.6%) and 52 females (68.4%)] with a mean age of 20.8 ± 1.5 years who participated in this study according to the selection criteria. Results: A total of 75 subjects out of 76 (98.6%) were observed to have a PCS. Out of them, 38 chewed on their right and 37 on the left side. Of the 74 right-handed subjects, 48.6% chewed on the right, 50% on the left and 1.4% chewed equally on both the sides. Conclusion: Chewing side preference has a detrimental effect on the TMJ of the corresponding side and is also related to lateral facial asymmetry, which suggests that examination and recording of chewing side preference merit consideration in routine dental examination and treatment planning
30 years of Emotional Intelligence- its importance in nursing: a scoping review protocol
No full textThe investigator aims to perform a scoping review, to explore the existing literature on Emotional Intelligence (EI) over the last 30 years. The purpose is to synthesize the evidence of the research done on Emotional Intelligence interventions across different populations. The purpose of the scoping review is to map, identify trends and knowledge gaps in the existing literature on EI interventions. Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework will be used as the search strategy for relevant literature published between 1990-2020 in the electronic databases viz PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, ProQuest, Prospero, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Two authors will screen and extract data independently and evaluate the risk of bias. Studies included in the review will provide original data and describe the EI research done in nursing
Determinants Perception and Experiences of Beneficiaries of a Hospital-based Community Health Insurance in Coastal Karnataka in India
No full text The objective of this study was to find out the perceptions of beneficiaries in comparison to non-beneficiaries of a community-based health insurance scheme. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to carry out this study; a cross-sectional household survey on 1,639 households was carried out, where the respondents were required to rate the services and facilities of the scheme A focus group discussion (FGD) with both the beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries was also carried out. Overall, the services were rated good except in the case of treatment and inpatient services where the responses were rated average. The study results provide evidence that Community Based Health Insurance (CBHI) schemes can be a viable risk sharing mechanism for the informal sector people who would have otherwise not been covered under any health insurance or health care financing mechanism. Maintaining an affordable premium and including outpatient facilities and preventive treatment would improve the satisfaction level of those who have acceptability towards CBHI schemes. </jats:p
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in psoriatic arthritis compared with psoriasis: a cross-sectional study in a South Indian population
No full textTo Tune or not to Tune: Hyperparameter Influence on the Learning Curve
No full textA learning curve displays the measure of accuracy/error on test data of a machine learning algorithm trained on different amounts of training data. They can be modeled by parametric curve models that help predict accuracy improvement through curve extrapolation methods. However, these learning curves have only been mainly generated from default learning algorithms. Research into tuning the machine learning algorithm and its effect on the learning curve has not been adequately researched. This research aims to look at the influence of hyperparameter tuning on the learning curve. This regards not only how the learning curve shape changes in general but also how different parametric models are affected when a learner undergoes tuning. We experiment with the decision tree and KNeighbors classifier which undergo significant hyperparameter tuning. We find that the tuned learner performs marginally better than the default learner for anchors past 25\% of the data for the majority of the tested datasets. We also observe that the tuned learner displays a smoothing behaviour that makes ill-behaved curves more well-behaved. In terms of the curve fitting, the tuned learners do not uncover any curve models nor does it show any statistical significance, and instead performs very similarly to the default learners. CSE3000 Research ProjectComputer Science and Engineerin
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