60 research outputs found
Risky alcohol consumption in the workplace : the feasibility of early detection and brief intervention as a part of routine health examinations
No full textThere are a number of reasons why workplaces should focus on problems related to alcohol use and misuse. These include the associated risk of greater ill-health, accidents leading to injury, absenteeism, and negative effects on the atmosphere in the workplace.The main purpose of this thesis was to examine the feasibility and limitations of alcohol screening as part of regular health examinations. A further aim was to examine the feasibility, limitations and effects of brief intervention in a workplace. The pilot project was carried out in workplaces in the paper, pulp and wood industry. The main project, a randomized controlled study, was carried out at a large workplace in the transport sector over a period of 48 months. In the main project, employees who came to the occupational health service (OHS) for a regular health examination were given the opportunity to undergo voluntary alcohol screening. The screening and follow-up consisted of self-reporting, using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the carbohydrate deficient transferrin in serum (CDT) blood test. The serum gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT) test was also used for comparison purposes.The results from the pilot study suggest that alcohol screening is not time-consuming for the OHS. Offering employees voluntary alcohol screening in conjunction with a health examination may well encourage some people to seek advice and support for their alcohol problems. The results from the main study suggest that the AUDIT and CDT should be regarded as complementary test for alcohol screening in a routine workplace health examination, and that each is of value for identifying different segments of the at-risk drinking population. Our data indicate that individuals with moderately elevated or risky levels of alcohol consumption show an increase in sick-days. Individuals who screened positive on the AUDIT and/or CDT test did not demonstrate more long, continuous periods of sickness absence or absence on Monday or Fridays. Shift workers did not drink more alcohol than permanent day workers, according to the AUDIT, CDT and GGT results. In fact, the opposite was observed for 2-shift workers according to CDT. Of those employees who participated in the follow-up, almost 50% had negative test results. Despite this, there were no significant differences at screening and follow-up between the intervention groups and the control group, neither in relation to the AUDIT, CDT, or GGT. Nor was there any difference in the number of sick-days during the study period between those who screened positive and those who screened negative.In summary: it appears to be feasible to carry out alcohol screening and brief intervention as part of regular health examinations and there is a good reason to use a more systematic approach to alcohol screening in conjunction with routine workplace health examination.List of scientific papersI. Hermansson U, Knutsson A, Ronnberg S, Brandt L (1998). Feasibility of brief intermention in the workplace for the detection and treatment of excessive alcohol consumption. Int J Occup Environ Health. 4(2): 71-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10026467II. Hermansson U, Helander A, Huss A, Brandt L, Ronnberg S (2000). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) in a routine workplace health examination. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 24(2): 180-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10698370III. Hermansson U, Helander A, Brandt L, Huss A, Ronnberg S (2002). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin in alcohol-related sickness absence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 26(1): 28-35. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11821651IV. Hermansson U, Knutsson A, Brandt L, Huss A, Ronnberg S, Helander A (2002). Screening for risky and elevated alcohol consumption in day and shift workers by use of the AUDIT and CDT. [Submitted]V. Hermansson U, Helander A, Huss A, Brandt L, Ronnberg S (2002). Brief intervention of risky alcohol consumption in the workplace: A one-year randomized, controlled study. [Submitted]</p
Impact of Users’ Attitudes Toward Anonymous Internet Interventions for Cannabis vs. Alcohol use: A Secondary Analysis of Data From Two Clinical Trials
No full textRomero D, Johansson M,
Hermansson U and Lindner P (2021)
Impact of Users’ Attitudes Toward
Anonymous Internet Interventions for
Cannabis vs. Alcohol Use: A
Secondary Analysis of Data From Two
Clinical Trials.
Front. Psychiatry 12:730153.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.73015
De osynliga barnen - om barnperspektiv i handläggning av ekonomiskt bistånd
No full textAuthor: Christine Hermansson, Lucie Liljeroth Titel: The invisible children – about child perspective when working with families with long-term financial assistance Supervisor: Gunilla Lindén The aim of the study was to examine why social workers in the City of Malmo work in a particular way with consideration of child perspective, when working with families with long-term financial assistance. The data was gathered by means of the qualitative method. Six social workers were interviewed within the 4 districts of Malmo. The results were then analysed using ‘Human Resource perspective’ along with ‘Alvessons window display’. The result of the study shows, that the child perspective in financial management is not taken into account to the same extent as it could, due to the intentions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Contributing factors to this are, among others, that it is not defined when a client is classified as a long-term recipient, a concrete meaning of what child perspective means and lack of resources for work involving child perspective. Key words: child perspective, organisation, long term social assistanc
Sprutbyte för personer med intravenöst missbruk
No full textVerksamheten med att intravenösa narkotikamissbrukare får byta ut sina använda sprutor mot nya har pågått vid infektionsklinikerna i Lund sedan 1978 och Malmö sedan 1989. Verksamheten inrättades för att minska risken för ytterligare utbredning av HIV. Det har diskuterats livligt för och emot denna sprututbytesverksamhet i Sverige. Den här rapporten ger stoff för en mer nyanserad diskussion i frågan. Den innehåller intervjuer med personal som arbetar med verksamheten, med forskare och andra personer som ägnat sig åt frågan. Den ger inblick i lagstiftning som berör området. Forskningen på området refereras och diskuteras. En empirisk undersökning som ger data om hur verksamheten fungerar redovisas också. För den som vill veta mera om sprututbytesverksamheten och dess roll i narkotikabehandling och narkotikapolitik är denna rapport starkt att rekommendera. </p
The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin (CDT) in a Routine Workplace Health Examination
No full textThe Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin in Alcohol-Related Sickness Absence
No full textThe Prevalence of Alcohol Prevention Efforts in Swedish Workplaces
No full textThis article presents results from a survey aimed at identifying the extent of alcohol prevention efforts in Swedish workplaces focusing on the dissemination of a model for secondary prevention — the 'Risk Drinking model'. From a random sample of 929 human resource managers at Swedish workplaces, 374 answered a web-based questionnaire (response rate = 40%). Results showed that about 70% had an alcohol policy at their workplace, 51% were engaged in alcohol prevention efforts and about 19% used the Risk Drinking model. Regression analyses showed that large workplaces, workplaces where employees received training on alcohol, public sector and female-dominated workplaces were significantly associated with alcohol prevention activities. We conclude that training is important for the implementation of alcohol prevention at Swedish workplaces, and is of particular importance in small enterprises.</p
Towards increased alcohol intervention activity in Swedish occupational health services
No full textObjectives: To investigate the extent to which Swedish occupational physicians and nurses discuss alcohol issues with their patients, their reasons for and against addressing these issues, their amount of education in handling risky drinking, and factors that they believe could facilitate increased alcohol intervention activity in OHS. Methods: All Swedish physicians and nurses in OHS were surveyed with a postal questionnaire. The questionnaire was returned by 313 physicians (response rate 54%) and 759 nurses (response rate 69%). Results: As much as 70% of the physicians and 85% of the nurses reported that they "frequently" discussed alcohol problems with their patients. The majority of both physicians (81%) and nurses (69%) admitted participating in a maximum of a half-day training in handling risky drinking. Among the physicians, the most common reason for asking patients about their alcohol consumption was the clinical relevance (57%). Seventy-three per cent of the nurses initiated discussions about alcohol on the basis of questionnaire responses. Both the physicians (72%) and nurses (90%) said that the knowledge about counselling techniques to use when alcohol-related symptoms are evident was the most important facilitator to increased intervention activity. Conclusions: OHS professionals usually discuss alcohol-related issues with their patients. Nonetheless, they are interested in gaining further education and knowledge in this respect. The study results indicate that OHS is an important setting for alcohol prevention.</p
Saving motives, gender, and the use of financial advisory services
No full text
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand if and how saving motives can predict bank customers’ use of financial advisory services. In addition, it analyzes possible gender differences regarding this relationship.
Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a large and unique sample of Swedish bank customers, combining objective bank register data with subjective data from a questionnaire. A probit regression is used. Since decisions regarding the use of financial advisory services can be influenced by, e.g., age, wealth, gender and marital status, the author analyzes results at both the overall level and the group level.
Findings
All three saving motives are found to be predictors, i.e., motives to save for wealth, retirement, and a rainy day (with opposite sign). Only the motive to save for retirement is significant for both women and men. Wealth differences seem more important than gender differences, except for the rainy day motive where gender differences are observed also among the wealthy.
Practical implications
The study is important since there is a need for financial advisors to understand their customers’ context, including motives to save. Saving motives involving longer time horizons and more uncertainty are likely to predict the use of financial advisory services.
Originality/value
This paper is original because it deepens the understanding of the relationship between saving motives and customers’ use of financial advisory services, focusing also on the aspect of gender differences, while controlling for demographics and socioeconomics, and customers’ interest and confidence in financial matters, risk tolerance, and financial literacy.
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