1,720,971 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Using Response Times for Modeling Missing Responses in Large-Scale Assessments
Full text linkExaminees differ in how they interact with assessments. In low-stakes large-scale assessments (LSAs), missing responses pose an obvious example of such differences. Understanding the underlying mechanisms is paramount for making appropriate decisions on how to deal with missing responses in data analysis and drawing valid inferences on examinee competencies. Against this background, the present work aims at providing approaches for a nuanced modeling and understanding of test-taking behavior associated with the occurrence of missing responses in LSAs. These approaches are aimed at a) improving the treatment of missing responses in LSAs, b) supporting a better understanding of missingness mechanisms in particular and examinee test-taking behavior in general, and c) considering differences in test-taking behavior underlying missing responses when drawing inferences about examinee competencies. To that end, the present work leverages the additional information contained in response times and integrates research on modeling missing responses with research on modeling response times associated with observed responses. By documenting lengths of interactions, response times contain valuable information on how examinees interact with assessments and may as such critically contribute to understanding the processes underlying both observed and missing responses.
This work presents four modeling approaches that focus on different aspects and mechanisms of missing responses. The first two approaches focus on modeling not-reached items. The second two approaches aim at modeling omitted items.
The first approach employs the framework for the joint modeling of speed and ability by van der Linden (2007) for modeling the mechanism underlying not-reached items due to lack of working speed. On the basis of both theoretical considerations as well as a comprehensive simulation study, it is argued that by accounting for differences in speed this framework is well suited for modeling the mechanism underlying not-reached items due to lack thereof. In assessing empirical test-level response times, it is, however, also illustrated that some examinees quit the assessment before reaching the end of the test or being forced to stop working due to a time limit.
Building on these results, the second approach of this work aims at disentangling and jointly modeling multiple mechanisms underlying not-reached items. Employing information on response times, not-reached items due to lack of speed are distinguished from not-reached items due to quitting. The former is modeled by considering examinee speed. Quitting behavior - defined as stopping to work before the time limit is reached while there are still unanswered items - is modeled as a survival process, with the item position at which examinees are most likely to quit being governed by their test endurance, conceptualized as a third latent variable besides speed and ability.
The third approach presented in this work focuses on jointly modeling omission behavior and response behavior, thus providing a better understanding of how these two types of behavior differ. For doing so, the approach extends the framework for jointly modeling speed and ability by a model component for the omission process and introduces the concept of different speed levels examinees operate on when generating responses and omitting items. This approach supports a more nuanced understanding of both the missingness mechanism underlying omissions and examinee pacing behavior through assessment of whether examinees employ different pacing strategies when generating responses or omitting items
The fourth approach builds on previous theoretical work relating omitted responses to examinee disengagement and provides a model-based approach that allows for identifying and modeling examinee disengagement in terms of both omission and guessing behavior. Disengagement is identified at the item-by-examinee level by employing a mixture modeling approach that allows for different data-generating processes underlying item responses and omissions as well as different distributions of response times associated with engaged and disengaged behavior. Item-by-examinee mixing proportions themselves are modeled as a function of additional person and item parameters. This allows relating disengagement to ability and speed as well as identifying items that are likely to evoke disengaged test-taking behavior.
The approaches presented in this work are tested and illustrated by a) evaluating their statistical performance under conditions typically encountered in LSAs by means of comprehensive simulation studies, b) illustrating their advances over previously developed approaches, and c) applying them to real data from major LSAs, thereby illustrating their potential for understanding examinee test-taking behavior in general and missingness mechanisms in particular. The potential of the approaches developed in this work for deepening the understanding of results from LSAs is discussed and implications for the improvement of assessment procedures - ranging from construction and administration to analysis, interpretation and reporting - are derived. Limitations of the proposed approaches are discussed and suggestions for future research are provided
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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